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1、莈Therelationshipbetweensemanticsandpragmatics莈Asabranchoflinguistics,semanticscanbesimplydefinedasthestudyoflinguisticmeaning,whichstudiesliteral,structuralorlexicalmeaningconveyedbywords,phrasesandsentences.Whatweconcernedwithisthedenotationoftheword,namelytherelationshipbetweenwords,phr
2、asesandsentencesnotthepossibleconnotations.Itiscontextindependent,de-contextualized.anditdealswithwhatissaid.蚄whilepragmaticsisastudywhichcanbedefinedastheanalysisofmeaninginaparticularcontext,whichstudiesnon-literal,implicitmeaning.Itdealswiththerelationsbetweenlanguageandcontextthatareb
3、asictolanguageunderstanding.pragmaticsiscontextdependent,contextualized.Whatweconcernediswhatiscommunicatedbyaspeakerandinterpretedbyalistener.膁Throughthedefinitionofsemanticsandpragmatics,wecanseethatsemanticsandpragmaticsbothconcernthemeaningoflanguage.Buttheyresearchthedifferentsidesof
4、language,andtheyhavedifferentstudymethods.Thestudyobjectsofsemanticsiswords,phrasesandsentences,whatweneedtoknowistheirmeaning,sense,referenceandpresupposes.Differentwordsmayhavethesameorsimilarmeaning,thesameonewordmayhavemorethanonemeaning.Andonewordmaybelongtoanotherword.Sowecanconclud
5、ethewordstotheserelations,Suchassynonymy,polysemy,homonymy,hyponymyandantonymy.Andwhenwetalkaboutthesenserelationsbetweensentences,wemaythinkofpresupposes.Whetheritisrightunderthepresupposes.Allthosearesemantics.Itwouldnotchangewiththecontext.莁Pragmaticsstudythemeaningofnaturallanguageund
6、erstanding,whetherthediscoursebehaviorisappropriateinaspecialcontext.Itmostlystudytherelationbetweenwordsandsentenceorsentenceandsentence.Themeaningofthelanguagecanbedividedintoseveralact.Suchaslocutionaryact,illocutionaryandperlocutionaryact.wordsareusedtorefertotheeventsorobjectsinthere
7、alworld.Buttherelationshipsbetweenthewordsandtheirreferentsarenotstraightforward.Thesamewordsorsentencesindifferentcontext,themeaningsaretotallydifferent.Forexample,thesentence"itissocold"maybeyoujustwanttoexpressthewhetherissocoldthroughthesentence.Andmaybeyouwantt
