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1、TheDifferencebetweenSemantics&PragmaticsAsimpleandvividillustrationOutlineIntroductionDefinitionDifferenceExamplesIntroductionSemanticsandpragmaticsarebothlinguisticstudiesofmeaning.Howevertherearesomedifferencesbetweenthem.Thefollowingwillbethedetails.Whatismeaning?Differentmeaningsofthe“
2、meaning”.In1923,C.K.OgdenandI.A.Richardspresented16majorcategoriesofthem,withsub-categoriesalltogether,numbering22.In1974,GeoffreyLeechproposed7typesofmeaning.（概念内涵社会情感反射搭配主位）Whatissemantics?Semanticscanbesimplydefinedasthestudyoflanguagemeaning.Itinvolvesmanyareassuchaslinguistics,logic,c
3、omputerscienceandpsychologyandsoon.Theresearchobjectsofsemanticsarethemeaningofnaturallanguagewhichcanbephrase,sentence,paragraphetc.Whatispragmatics?Example:A:You’reafool.B:Whatdoyoumean?WhyisButtered?toknowspeakerA’sintentiontoutterthesentence,orwhatheintendssentenceAtomean.touseBasadeni
4、alofwhatAhasasserted.Pragmaticsmaybedefinedasthestudyofmeaningofword,sentenceofaindividuallanguageinsocialcontext.Wecansimplydefineitasthestudyoftheuseofcontext.Astheprocessofcommunicationisessentiallyaprocessofconveyingandunderstandingmeaninginacertaincontext,itcanalsoberegardedasakindofm
5、eaningstudy.Howispragmaticsdifferentfromsemantics?Traditionalsemanticsstudiedmeaning,whichwasconsideredassomethingintrinsic,andinherent,i.e.apropertyattachedtolanguageitself.Therefore,meaningsofwords,meaningsofsentenceswereallstudiedinanisolatedmanner,detachedfromthecontextinwhichtheywereu
6、sed.Pragmaticsstudiesmeaningnotinisolation,butincontext.Theessentialdistinctionbetweensemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherthecontextofuseisconsideredinthestudyofmeaning.Ifthecontextisnotconsidered,thestudyisrestrictedtotheareaoftraditionalsemantics;ifthecontextisconsidered,thestudyisbeingcarrie
7、doutintheareaofpragmatics.Sowhatiscontext?Thenotionofcontext,firstnotedbytheBritishlinguistJohnFirthinthe1930s,isessentialtothepragmaticstudyoflanguage.Contextdeterminesthespeakers’useoflanguageandalsothehearer’sinterpretationofwhatissaidtohim.Itisgenerallycon
