Jonathan Edwards 美国文学作业.ppt

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1、JonathanEdwards(乔纳森•爱德华兹)HeisthelastandthemosteminentPuritantheologian.HistoricalBackgroundEnlightenmentthoughtsareinfluentialoverthemindofthepeoplesuchasNewton’stheory;deism（自然神教派，宗教与启蒙精神相结合的产物）;Frenchphilosophy(Rousseau,Voltaire)AmericanPuritanismis

2、atwo-facetedtraditionsofreligiousidealismandlevel-headedcommonsense.JonathanEdwardsrepresentstheformeraspectLifeExperiences(1703-1758)In1716,attheageof13,hewasadmittedtoYale,graduatedfouryearslaterIn1723,hetookhisM.A.inYaleIn1726hebecameassistanttohisg

3、randfatherIn1729,hewasnamedtobetheministerofthechurchofNorthamptonHewasinpartinstrumentalinbringingaboutthe“GreatAwakening”from1730sto1740sIn1750,hewasdismissedfromhispositionbecauseoffiercereligiouscontroversyatthattime.Helivedandmeditatedinsolitude,w

4、rotehisgreatestbooksinthenextmostproductiveeightyears.Hediedofasmallpoxinoculationin1758AspectsofEdwards’ReligiousPhilosophy1.Hismysticalconversionatageseventeen.“IoftenusedtositandviewtheMoon,foralongtime;andsointhedaytimespentmuchtimeinviewingtheclou

5、dsandsky,tobeholdgloryofGodinthesethings;inthemeantimesingingforth,withalowvoice,mycontemplationsoftheCreatorandRedeemer.”from"PersonalNarrative”2.HeagreedwithJohnLockeintheconceptthatideasaregeneratedbysenseimpressions“knowledgemustbesupplementedbyfai

6、th.”3.Hebelievedintheintuitiveprocess;apersonmustpassivelysurrendertoreceivegracethroughsenses.Onecannotachievesavinggracethrougharationalprocess.4.FromIsaacNewton,Edwardsborrowedtheconceptthattheharmoniousworkingoftheuniversereflectedthemagnificenceof

7、"theGreatGeometrician"orGod.Edwards’doubleidentitiesreflectedinhisworksHewasthefirstmodernAmericantryingtoreconcilingPuritanideaswiththenewrationalismofJohnLock(knowledgeisempirical,itssourcesbeingthesense)andNewton’smechanicalviewoftheuniverse.HewasAl

8、sotheLastMedievalMan(1)“Ihavehada…constantsenseoftheabsolutesovereigntyofGod”HeinsistsonthedoctrineofinwardcommunicationofsoulwithGod(2)beliefintheregenerationofman;urginghispeopletoenjoy“conversion”withthehelpofGod(“werealways