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1、JonathanSwift——oneoftheverygreatestnamesinEnglishLiteratureJonathanSwift:1667-1745JonathanSwift,sonoftheEnglishlawyerJonathanSwifttheelder,wasborninDublin,Ireland,onNovember30,1667.HegrewupthereinthecareofhisunclebeforeattendingTrinityCollegetheageoffourteen,wherehestayedfor
2、sevenyears,graduatingin1688.Inthatyear,hebecamethesecretaryofSirWilliamTemple,anEnglishpoliticianandmemberoftheWhigparty.From1707to1709andagainin1710,SwiftwasinLondon,petitioningtheWhigPartywhichhehadsupportedallhislife.AndSwiftwasrecruitedtosupporttheircauseaseditoroftheExa
3、miner,theprincipalToryperiodical,whentheycametopowerin1710.In1711Swiftpublishedthepoliticalpamphlet"TheConductoftheAllies,"attackingtheWhiggovernmentforitsinabilitytoendtheprolongedwarwithFrance.ReligiousBelief:Swiftwasaclergyman. amemberoftheChurchofIreland,theIrishbranchof
4、theAnglicanChurch;andassuchhewasamilitantdefenderofhischurchinthefaceofthethreatstoitscontinuedexistenceposedbyRomanCatholicismathomeinIrelandandinEngland,whereSwiftandhispeerssawtheCatholicsasthreateningnotonlytheAnglicanChurchbuttheEnglishConstitutionSwiftwasconservative,b
5、ynature:heinstinctivelysoughtstabilityinreligionasinpolitics,butstabilitywhichinsuredpersonalfreedoms.HebelievedthatthedivisivetendenciesofMankindhadpromotedthegeneraldecay. ofChristianityitself,whichhadlostitsoriginalclarity,simplicity,andcoherence.LiterarypositionHeisoneof
6、greatestmastersofEnglishprose;Heisamastersatirist(讽刺诗作者);Eventoday,heisstillregardedasanationalheroinIreland.Swift’sStyleclear,vigorous(充满激情的)language;simple,directandprecise(恰好的，清晰的)prose;deadlyirony;powerfulsatire.MajorWorksATaleofaTub(1697)TheBattleoftheBooks(1697)publish
7、edin1704JournaltoStella(1710-13)BickerstaffAlmanac(1708)—《比克斯塔夫先生的历书》TheDrapier’sLetters(1724)—《给布商的信》Gulliver’sTravels(1726)—《格列佛游记》AModestProposal(1729)—《一个温和的建议》TheDayofJudgment(1731)VersesontheDeathofDr.Swift(1731)Gulliver'sTravels制作人：AthenaThanksforwatching
