英美国家概况课件刘有发 ISBN9787566305107 PPT 英美国家概况PPT UKUnit 3 Political system.ppt

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1、英美国家概况TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandUnit3PoliticalsystemTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandThinkaboutthesequestionsbeforewestart:1.WhatarethemainfunctionsofParliament?2.WhatistheroleoftheMonarchyintheBritishgovernment?3.Whatisaconstitutionalmonarchy?Whe

2、ndiditbegininBritain?4.HowdidtheLaborPartycomeintobeing?5.WhyandhowdidtheEnglishParliamentcomeintobeing?Warming-upActivitiesMonarchyParliamentGovernmentCabinetPoliticalPartiesGeneralElectionContentsTheKingorQueenisthepersonificationoftheState.1.ConstitutionalMonarchyBritaindoesn’thav

3、eaconstitutionwrittendowninasingledocument.Theconstitutionflowsfrom6sources:1)TheRoyalPrerogatives2)StatuteLaws3)CommonLaws4)Conventions5)AuthoritativeOpinions6)EuropeanUnionLawsTheConstitutionBasicStructureofUKCentralGovernmentThere’sactuallynoseparationofpowerbetweentheexecutive,t

4、helegislature,andthejudiciary.Thisprincipleofdividingthefunctionsofgovernmentismeanttoensurethatthere’snoexcessiveuseorabuseofpowerbyanysmallgroupofpeople.SeparationofPower,BritishStyleThePMisanactivememberofthelegislative,yetalsotheleadingmemberoftheexecutive.TheLordChancellorisamem

5、berofthecabinetandthereforeoftheexecutiveaswellasbeingheadofthejudiciary.TheHouseofLordsalsohasarighttovoteonbillssothey’repartofthelegislativebuttheLordsalsocontainstheLawLordswhoareanimportantpartofthejudiciary.AswiththePM,themembersoftheCabinetarealsomembersofthelegislativewhohave

6、theright,asanMP,tovoteonissues.SeparationofPowerSeparationofPowerLegislatureJudiciaryExecutiveParliamentisthehighestlegislativeauthorityintheUK–theinstitutionresponsibleformakingandrepealing(废止)alltheUKlaws.It’salsoknownastheLegislature.Function:MakealltheUKlaws;Scrutinize(审查)governm

7、entpolicy&administration;Hearappeals(上诉)inthehighestCourtofAppealinBritain;（TheHouseofLords)Debatethemajorissuesoftheday.Legislature=ParliamentParliamentconsistsof3constituentparts:Crown(OfficialHead)HouseofLords(theUpperHouse)HouseofCommons(theLowerHouse)What’sthemeaningof“parliamen

8、t”?(Aplacefo