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1、淺談新高考下的英語閱讀理解解題策略根據<2010年新高考的考試說明》,新高考的英語試卷滿分共120分,而閱讀理解占瞭其中的50分。單從分值上,我們可以很明顯地看出閱讀理解的重要性。那麼如何提高學生在閱讀理解題上的得分率就成瞭我們這些高三英語老師們必須要解決的幾個重大問題之一。而考試說明又對閱讀理解做瞭詳細的要求。根據上下文推斷詞義在歷年的高考試卷的閱讀理解中一般占4・6分,也就是2-3個題目一、猜測詞義題目類型1・對考綱內熟詞新義的猜測Ihadfirstknownshewaswrong,thatheranxietyhadcloudedherjudg
2、ment.(04全國卷)“cloud”meansu・”2.對代詞的猜測Thechancesopenedupbytradearevast,sheargues,butfreemarketsneedthecorrectingforceofpoliticstokeepthemincheck.(06全卷)“them”refersto“・”3.對句義的猜測Thebiggestfindinginbrainresearchinthelasttenyearsisthatthebrainatanyageishighlyplastic.Ifyouaskyourbrain
3、tolearn,itwilllearn.(07四川卷)Bysaying“thebrainatanyageishighlyplastic”,thewritermeansthebraincanbeA.usedB.masteredC・developedD.researched2.對考綱外生詞的猜測ManyUnitedNationsemployeesarepolyglots:Mr.Jim,forexample,speaksfiveIanguagesfluently.“polyglot”mostprobablymeans“「二、常見的猜測詞義題設問方式1.T
4、heunderlinedwordisclosestinmeaningtotheword.・・?(07上海卷)2.Wecanlearnfromtheunderlinedpart...that...(06遼寧卷)3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheword...asitisusedinthetext?(03全國卷)4.Bysaying…,theauthormeanstosaythat...(07四川卷)5.Theunderlinedsenteneein…paragraphimplies/ref
5、ersto/means.・・三、解題策略策略一:根據生活常識生活常識是指一般人通過生活實踐而學會的知識,而有些猜測詞義題我們就可以根據生活中所積累的常識來做題。例如:1.Birdsflywiththeirwings,andtheypickuptheirfoods,andtheneatthemwiththeirbeaksandtheyusetheirclawsfortearing,seizing,pullingorholdingobjects.“beak”heremeans.根據常識我們知道,鳥用翅膀飛翔,用喙來叼起食物,並且吃掉食物。所以這個題目我
6、們可以很容易的猜測出來“beak”指的是鳥的嘴巴,也就是喙策略二:根據邏輯聯系邏輯聯系包括:定義關系,對比關系,因果關系,類比關系,同位語關系等等1・Mr.Smithlovestotalk,andhiswifeissimilarlyloquacious・這個題目屬於同義關系,由句中的詞“similarly”(類似地)可r-得知。又有前文的關鍵短語"lovetotalk",得知“loquacious'應該是和“lovetotalk”具有相近的意義,因此我們可以得出“loquacious”指的是愛說話的意思。常見表示同義關系的信號詞:and,or,su
7、chas,like,forexample,forinstance等2.Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle一一thatis,itwillbreakeasily.3.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.2.Acalendarisalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.3・Weareonthenightshift一一frommidnightto8a.m.—一thisweek.這幾個題目是屬於定義或釋義
8、關系。第2題中,有個關鍵的短語“thatis”(也就是說)。可得知“brittle”的意思就是“thatis”後面的句子“