欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:45094274
大小:1.17 MB
页数:63页
时间:2019-11-09
《《pragmatics语用学》PPT课件》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、PragmaticsHeatedAttendantParkingA.Youtakeanattendant,youheathim/herup,andthisiswhereyoucanparkhim/her.B.Wecanparkacarinthisplace,it’saheatedarea,andtherewillbeanattendanttolookafterthecar.MoreIntroductoryExamplesEx.1Ihaveapapertotypewrite.Canyoutypethispaperforme?I’mbusynow.Canyo
2、ulendyourtypewritertome?Ex.2AbullmarketinDianas(U.S.NewsandWorldReport,Jan.12,1998124/1)Abullmarketisamarketinwhichsharepricesarerising.Ex.3季交恕:你知道这个消息吗?方维夏:什么消息?季交恕:蒋介石开刀了?方维夏:什么病开刀?季交恕:你还睡觉!杀人!——李六如《六十年的变迁》Pragmaticscanbedefinedasthestudyofhowspeakersusethesentencesofalanguaget
3、oeffectsuccessfulcommunication.Pragmaticsisdifferentfromtraditionalsemanticsinthatitstudiesmeaningnotinisolationbutincontext.Semanticiststakemeaningtobeaninherentpropertyoflanguage;pragmaticistsregardmeaningassomethingthatisrealizedinthecourseofcommunication.Semantics:whatdoesXme
4、an?Pragmatics:whatdoesthespeakermeanbyX?PragmaticAnalysis你怎么还没走?Thinkwhatthespeakermaymeanbysayingit?A.说话人知道听话人要在某个时间外出开会(或办事、或送人上火车、或赴宴等),眼看已经快误点了,说话人对听话人说:“你怎么还没走”?意义:提醒、催促,或是对听话人不守时间的批评。若考虑双方的关系:上下级关系、师生关系、父母子女之间,恋人之间等,则可理解的意思还多些。B.一个人老想着出国,老对别人说要办好手续了,但老也没见他出国。有人就说:“你怎么还没走”?意
5、义:关心、调侃或嘲讽。C.下班时间早过了,某人还在办公室忙乎,值班人员过来锁门,说:“你怎么还没走”?意思:爱护、生气或某种猜测D.一个普通老百姓来到某个部门办事,被某个态度不好的工作人员拒之门外。过了半天,那工作人员看见老百姓还在门口,于是说:“你怎么还不走”?意思:可以比较肯定地认为,这是一种不太友好的态度,是让对方赶快走开的意思。SentenceMeaningUtteranceMeaningItistheabstractcontext-independententitycalledsemanticproposition.Itiscontext-de
6、pendent.Itistheproductofsentencemeaningandcontext.Therefore,itisricherthanthemeaningofthesentence.刘勰《文心雕龙·章句》“人之而言,因字而生句,积句而成章,积章而成篇。篇之彪炳,章之无疵也;章之明靡,句无玷也;句之精英,字无妄也。”上下文、话语理解、话语表达Contextplaysacrucialroleininterpretingthemeaningofanutterance.ContextLinguisticcontextContextTheknowle
7、dgesharedbythespeakerandthehearerSituationalcontextAmazingly,healreadylovesher.Somethingmaleandanimatehasarrivedatastateofadorationofsomethingfemaleandanimate.JohnmetMaryyesterday.Amazingly,healreadylovesher.Linguisticcontext:discourseThediscoursethatprecedesandfollowsthephraseor
8、sentencetobeinterpretedTheknowledgeofthe
此文档下载收益归作者所有