国际商法贸易壁垒tradebarrier案例

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1、Whydothegovernmentssetbarriersfortheinternationaltrade?by:廖成婧，杨莉红，王琼，喻香平,卢岳松，全姣姣Whatistariffbarriers?所谓关税壁垒，是指进出口商品经过一国关境时，由政府所设置海关向进出口商征收关税所形成的一种贸易障碍。按征收关税的目的来划分，关税有两种：一是财政关税，其主要目的是为了增加国家财政收入；二是保护关税，其主要目的是为保护本国经济发展而对外国商品的进口征收高额关税。Reasons1.Forcollectionofrevenue2.Regulationo

2、fimportcompetition3.Retaliationagainstforeigngovernmenttradebarriers4.Implementationofforeignpolicy5.Implementationofnationaleconomicpolicies6.Protectionofthenationaldefense7.Protectionofnaturalresourcesoftheenvironment8.protectionofpublichealth,safetyandmorals,andplantandan

3、imallife1.Retaliationagainstforeigngovernmenttradebarriers2.Protectionofthenationaldefensereasons3.ForcollectionofrevenueCase1.中美轮胎特保案ThecaseofspecialprotectionisttariffsontireTheEvent.April20,2009:UnitedStatesSteelWorkersAssociation(钢铁工人协会)putforwardapplicationofspecialmeas

4、urestotheUnitedStatesInternationalTradeCommission(美国国际贸易委员会)againstthecommercialtyresthatChinatransmittoUSAmarket.Theyrequirethegovernmentsetquotason21milliontiresofpassengercars,lighttrucks,minivan(迷你面包车)andsportscarthatChinaexported.Ourgovernmenthasexpressedstrongdissatisf

5、actionandresolutelyopposedthat.June18,2009:TheUnitedStatesInternationalTradeCommissionmadeapositivedamageadjudication(肯定性损害裁决)toChinesepassengercarsandlighttrucktiressafeguard(轮胎特保案).TheymadesurethattheincreaseoftiresproductsimportedfromChinacausedorthreatenedtocausemarketdi

6、sruptionintheUnitedStatesindustry.RetaliationagainstAmericanTradeBarriersTheministryofcommerceofthePeople‘sRepublicofChina(中华人民共和国商务部)decidedtostartanti-dumpingandcountervailingexaminationprocedures(反倾销和反补贴立案审查程序)againstpartimportedcarsandchickenproductsoftheUSAonSeptember13

7、,2009.•9.12.2009PresidentObamaannouncedtoImplementaperiodof3yearspunitivetariffs(惩罚性关税)ontyresofallofthecarsandlighttruckthatimportsfromChina.ThetaxrateofthepunitivetariffsontireimportsfromChinais35%inthefirstyear,30%inthesecondyearand25%inthethirdyear.1.Retaliationagainstfo

8、reigngovernmenttradebarriers2.Protectionofthenationaldefensereasons3.Forcol