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1、\server05productnNNVJ5-2NVJ206.txtunknownSeq:118-APR-0516:29LEGALPRAGMATISM,ANIDEALSPEECHSITUATION,ANDTHEFULLYEMBODIEDDEMOCRATICPROCESSDmitriN.Shalin*I.INTRODUCTIONFewphilosophiescanrivalpragmatisminitsinfluenceonAmericanpopu-larculture.Punditsroutinelyinvokethisdown-to-earth
2、creedtolabelcertaintwentiethcenturyintellectualcurrents,althoughtheydisagreeonwhetherprag-matismbearsgoodtidings.Apragmaticattitudecomesinhandy,manyfeel,whenweconfrontaproblemthatdefieseasysolutionsandcallsforanovel,experimentalapproach.Othersseepragmatismasaslipperyslopethatwillle
3、adastrayundisciplinedmindsunwillingtofortifytheirjudgmentwithfirmprinciples.Whichpositiononetakesdependsinpartonone’spoliticalleanings.FewcommentatorsontherightwouldgoasfarasEdwardClineincon-demningpragmatismas“theschoolofthoughtwhichdispenseswiththeneed1formoralvalues,”butitiscomm
4、onforconservativepunditstolamentthebalefulimpactofthisphilosophicalmovementonAmericanlegalthought.WitnessThomasBowden’sderisivecommentsabout“thegrandfatherofSupremeCourtPragmatism,JusticeOliverWendellHolmes,”whosedistasteforformalreasoninghasreverberatedthroughouttwentiethcenturyju
5、rispru-denceandisnowstarklyondisplayintheRehnquistCourtwhichsuccumbedto“pragmatism,thephilosophythatclaimstherearenoabsolutesandnoprin-2ciples,onlysubjectiveopinionsguidedbyexpediency.”Criticsontheleftarealsouneasyaboutpragmatism,seeingitspenchantforcompromiseasasell-out.Theso-call
6、ed“moderate,”explainsonecommen-tator,isapttoslip“intothemanagerialtechniquethatconstitutespragmatisminrecentAmericanpolitics:succumbingtothedelusionthathehastranscended3ideology,heacceptsstatusquoinjusticeinthenameofhardheadedrealism.”TheClintonadministrationcameintocriticismforits
7、excessivepragmatismfromthoseontheleftofthepoliticalcontinuum.“StephenBreyerwasthecandidatewhocouldwinpraisefromOrrinHatch,”LincolnCaplannotedwryly,asheberatedBillClintonforhisfailureto“displayprinciples,”“aneed-*ProfessorofSociology,UniversityofNevada,LasVegas;Director,UNLVCenterfo
8、rDemocraticCulture.1Edward
