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1、The18thcentury1．EnlightenmentIntellectualmovementanexpressionofstruggleofthebourgeoisieagainstfeudalism.againstclassinequality,stagnation,prejudicesandothersurvivalsoffeudalism.Theyattemptedtoplaceallbranchesofscienceattheserviceofmankindbyconnectingthemwiththeact
2、ualneedsandrequirementsofpeople.2.Classicismbalance,proportion,decorumandrestraintattributedtothemajorworksofancientGreekandRomanliterature3．Difference17thand18thClassicism17pleasethedecliningaristocracy18fortherisingbourgeoisietotidyupthecapitalistsocialorder.4．J
3、osephAddisonandRichardSteeleessayistsRichardSteeleandTheTatler"TheTatler",toenlighten,aswellastoentertain,hisfellowcoffeehouse-goers.containedseveralessays.inaconversationalstyleJosephAddisonand“TheSpectator“"TheSpectator",adailypaper,wasacollaborativeprojectbyAdd
4、isonandSteeletogether.itcontainedagalleryofvividportraitsofthemembersoftheso-called"SpectatorClub".supposedtobeeditedbyasmallclubheadedbyMr.SpectatorThemoststrikingfeaturesofthepaperarethecharactersketchesofMr.Spectatorandthemembersofhisclub，andthesesketchesbecome
5、theforerunnerofthemodernEnglishnovel.Theyattemptedtoimprovemannersandmoralcontribution1.newcodeofsocialmoralityforthebourgeoisie.2.pictureofthesociallife3.theEnglishessayhadcompletelyestablisheditselfasaliterarygenre.Usingitasaformofcharactersketchingandstory-tell
6、ing,theyusheredinthedawnofmodernEnglishnovel.5.AlexanderPopemostimportantEnglishpoet,representativeoftheEnlightenment,oneofthefirsttointroducerationalismtoEngland,masterinsatiricanddidacticverseAnEssayonCriticismheroiccouplet,aesthetictheories.acomprehensivestudyo
7、ftheoriesofliterarycriticism..EssayonManheroiccouplet,indicatespoliticalandphilosophicalviewpointTheRapeoftheLockmock-heroicpoem,inwhichhesatirizedthetrivialityandsillinessofthehighsocietywithadelicatewit.TheDunciadtheIliadofDuncesPopewasalsoaneditorofShakespeare'
8、splays.thepoetlaureate桂冠诗人anoutstandingenlightenerandthegreatestEnglishpoetoftheclassicalschool6、JonathanSwiftmastersatiristTheBattleoftheBookssatirical
