Distance Education

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1、HowtoperfectDistanceEducationDistanceeducationordistancelearningisafieldofeducationthatfocusesonteachingmethodsandtechnologywiththeaimofdeliveringteaching,oftenonanindividualbasis,tostudentswhoarenotphysicallypresentinatraditionaleducationalsettingsuc

2、hasaclassroom.Ithasbeendescribedas"aprocesstocreateandprovideaccesstolearningwhenthesourceofinformationandthelearnersareseparatedbytimeanddistance,orboth."[1]Distanceeducationcoursesthatrequireaphysicalon-sitepresenceforanyreason(includingtakingexamin

3、ations)havebeenreferredtoashybrid[2]orblended[3]coursesofstudy.HistoryanddevelopmentDistanceeducationdatestoatleastasearlyas1728,when"anadvertisementintheBostonGazette...[named]'CalebPhillips,TeacherofthenewmethodofShortHand"wasseekingstudentsforlesso

4、nstobesentweekly.[4]Moderndistanceeducationinitiallyreliedonthedevelopmentofpostalservicesinthe19thcenturyandhasbeenpractisedatleastsinceIsaacPitmantaughtshorthandinGreatBritainviacorrespondenceinthe1840s.[5]TheUniversityofLondonclaimstobethefirstuniv

5、ersitytoofferdistancelearningdegrees,establishingitsExternalProgrammein1858.ThisprogramisnowknownastheUniversityofLondonInternationalProgrammesandincludesPostgraduate,UndergraduateandDiplomadegreescreatedbycollegessuchastheLondonSchoolofEconomics,Roya

6、lHollowayandGoldsmiths.[6]IntheUnitedStatesWilliamRaineyHarper,firstpresidentoftheUniversityofChicagodevelopedtheconceptofextendededucation,wherebytheresearchuniversityhadsatellitecollegesofeducationinthewidercommunity,andin1892healsoencouragedtheconc

7、eptofcorrespondenceschoolcoursestofurtherpromoteeducation,anideathatwasputintopracticebyColumbiaUniversity.[7]InAustralia,theUniversityofQueenslandestablisheditsDepartmentofCorrespondenceStudiesin1911.[8]Morerecently,CharlesWedemeyeroftheUniversityofW

8、isconsin–MadisonisconsideredsignificantinpromotingmethodsotherthanthepostalservicetodeliverdistanceeducationinAmerica.From1964to1968,theCarnegieFoundationfundedWedemeyer'sArticulatedInstructionalMediaProject(AIM)whichbroughtinavarietyofcommuni