资源描述：
《数模论文集2005年一等奖》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、TollboothsHeyi,HuangYi,ChenYangAdvisor:LiFuAbstractTollplazasaremajorbottlenecksofheavily-traveledtollroads,causingdelayandcongestion.Ourtaskistominimizemotoristan-noyancebydeterminingtheoptimalnumberoftollboothstodeployinabarrier-tollplaza.Threemodelsarepresent
2、edinthispapertosolvetheproblem.FirstlywedevelopabasicmodelcalledTrafficFlowGraphicModelwhichex-aminesthetrafficflowingthroughtheplaza.Inthismodel,motoristannoyanceisviewedasthecombinationoftwofactors:howmanymotoristsareaffectedwithintheplazaandhowlongtheytaketopassit.
3、Sotheproductofvehiclenumberandthetimespanistakenasthemeasureofmotoristannoyance.Weexpressthismeasureintermsof4variables:trafficflowrateatplazaentrance,numberoftollbooths,tollboothservicetimespan,andtheexitflowcapacity.Theoptimalnumberoftollboothsisjustwhatminimizest
4、hemotoristannoyancemeasurefunction.Theresultisthattheoptimalnumberoftollboothsisproportionaltotollboothservicetimespan,anditisalsoproportionaltoexitflowcapacityduringrushhours,orproportionaltoarrivalflowrateduringnormalhours.Weexplicitlyapplythemodeltothescenariow
5、herethereisexactlyonetollboothperincomingtravellane.Theresultsare:thisismoreeffectivethanthecurrentpractice(moretollboothslesslanes)duringnormalhours,butlesseffectiveduringrushhours.Wedevelopfurtheradelicatetrafficflowmodelwhichallowstheflowratetovary,andtaketheprobab
6、ilityoftheeventthatpassingtoll-boothsrateexceedsdepartureflowrate,asthemotoristsatisfactionmeasure.Thismeasureisbasedonthefactthatiftheflowrateattoll-boothsislargerthanthatoftheexit,theannoyancewillbethoughtbymotoriststobetheshortoflanesratherthanthetollbooths.Com
7、biningthetwomodelsaboveresultsinabetterestimationoftheoptimalnumberoftollbooths.Thelowerboundofthetollboothsnum-bercanbeobtainedwiththebasicflowmodel,whichisthenimproved1withthedelicateflowmodel.Inaddition,weproposethethirdmodelcalledtheCombinedQueu-ingModeltosimu
8、latethebehaviorofindividualvehicles.Thismodelisessentiallyasequentialcombinationoftwoqueuingsystems,rep-resentingtheentranceandtheexitoftheplaza,respectively.Themotor
