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1、英语新闻语法的特点与翻译新闻英语语法特点新闻英语作为一种特殊语体,除了在词汇、修辞上有自己的特色外,新闻英语的语法也区别于其他语体。一、时态1、现在时为了吸引读者,给读者一种动态的新鲜感与现实感,英语标题中多采用现在时或将来时。IsraeliGeneralSaysLebanonOffensiveWillLastWeeksHillaryClintonsufferscollapse(希拉里·克林顿当众晕倒)2、过去时新闻报道正文常用过去时来记叙事件的发生经过。JERUSALEM,July18—AtopIsraeligeneralsaidtodaythatIsrael’soffensivein
2、Lebanonwouldlastanotherfewweeksandhesaidthattheuseoflargenumbersofgroundforceshadnotbeenruledout…(NewYorkTimes,July18,2006)3、进行时在新闻英语中,广泛运用进行时态,把动作写成如在进行之中,使读者觉得在第一时间获知了新闻消息。Republicanleaders,elatedandsurprisedatthedimensionsoftheirvictoryonTuesday,werecallingthe1980electionapoliticalwatershed,…(
3、NewYorkTimes,March3,2000)4、时态的不一致性在一般文体中,按照传统英语语法规则,宾语从句中谓语动词的时态要受制于主句中谓语动词的时态。这被称之为时态的一致(sequenceoftenses)。同样,把直接引语改为间接引语时,动词形态也要作相应的调整。英语新闻一般也遵循这种时态的变化规则。在实际的新闻报道中,其时态常常并不拘泥于这种语言规则,而是按照实际情况,根据新闻事实发生的时间变化与顺序,酌情灵活使用各种时态。Underpressureornot,shesaid,citingIsraeliintelligence,manyciviliansinsouthernL
4、ebanonhaveKatyushaandotherrocketsundertheirbeds.(NewYorkTimes,July19,2006)TaxCollectorCarolMahoneyreportedthisweekherofficehasposteda99.06collectionpercentageforthefiscalyearthatendedJune30,2006.Thisratesurpassesanypreviouscollection,accordingtobothMsMahoneyandFirstSelectmanHerbRosenthal,whoannou
5、ncedthemilestoneatthelastBoardofSelectmen’smeeting.(NewtownBee,CT,July27,2006)UNITEDNATIONS,NewYork—PresidentGeorgeBushwantstheformerattorneygeneral,DickThornburghtotakeanewtoppostattheUnitedNations,overseeingtheorganization’sbudgetandadministration,UNandUSofficialssay.Secretary-GeneralButrosGhal
6、iaskedMr.BushtofindanAmericantofillthisjobwhenheattendedthesummitmeetingoftheSecurityCouncilherelastmonthandthePresidentthenofferedthejobtoMr.Thornburgh,theofficialsaid.(TheInternationalHeraldTribune)二、语态新闻英语中动词的主动语态的使用占主导地位。使用主动语态句叙事可以使读者产生一种直接感,使叙述具有无可置疑的效果。LOSANGELES,Oct7—AngryCaliforniansoust
7、edunpopularDemocraticGov.GrayDavisTuesdayandreplacedhimwithRepublicanmoviestarandpoliticalnoviceArnoldSchwarzenegger.然而,新闻英语中,动词的被动语态的使用相当普遍,出现的频率远高于其他英语文体。为了突出重点,新闻报道中常用被动语态强调行动或事件的结果。Morethan50millionacresoffarmlandh