欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:38690321
大小:552.31 KB
页数:22页
时间:2019-06-17
《语言学导论-第8章LanguageSociety》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、LanguageandsocietyLanguageandsocietySociolinguistics社会语言学tostudytherelationbetweenlanguageandsociety,betweentheusesoflanguageandthesocialstructuresinwhichtheusersoflanguageliveTwoapproachesMacrosociolinguistics宏观社会语言学(abird’s-eyeview)Toconsiderhowlanguagefunctionsinthesocietyan
2、dhowitreflectsthesocialdifferentiations.Microsociolinguistics微观社会语言学(aworm’s-eyeview)FromthepointofviewofanindividualmemberwithinitHowlanguagefunctionsinthecommunicationbetweenmembersofthesocietyTwomainsubjectsSpeechcommunity言语社区thesocialgroupthatissingledoutforanyspecialsociol
3、inguisticstudySpeechvariety言语变体anydistinguishableformofspeechusedbyaspeakeroragroupofspeakers.3maintypes:regionaldialects,sociolects--usersregisters--useMajorconcernsVarietiesoflanguageStandarddialectPidginandCreoleBilingualismandDiglossiaVarietiesoflanguageDialectalvarieties方言
4、变体Register语域Degreeofformality正式度DialectalvarietiesRegionaldialect地域方言Sociolect社会方言Languageandgender语言与性别Languageandage语言与年龄Idiolect个人语言Ethnicdialect种族方言Regionaldialect地域方言ThelinguisticvarietyusedbypeoplelivinginthesamegeographicalregionCauses:geographicalbarriersloyaltytoone’sn
5、ativespeechphysical&psychologicalresistanceAtpresent:decreasingofgeographicalvariationinlanguageDialectalvarieties拯救方言Sociolect社会方言thelinguisticvarietycharacteristicofaparticularsocialclasssamegeographicalregionsameregionaldialectFeatures:phoneticfeatures:-n’---inggrammaticalle
6、vel:Ican’teatnothing.accent:ReceivedPronunciation(RP)标准发音(upperclassspeech,high-statusmarker)DialectalvarietiesspeakdifferentlyLanguageandgender语言与性别Intonation语调Female:awiderrange;low-riseintonationLexicon词汇Female:moreadjectivesofevaluation:nice,lovely,cute,fantasticmoreintensi
7、fiers:awfully,really,…OnthewholeFemale:morecorrect,lessassertive,morepoliteDialectalvarietiesLanguageandage语言与年龄Lexicaldifference:e.g.,icebox-fridge火星文:符号、繁体字、日文、韩文、冷僻字或汉字拆分后的部分等非正规化文字符号组合而成(似乱码或错字,不规范,字面无法了解)偶口以跟你作朋友吗?3Q你是我的好麻吉!私今天没事做。海皮,粉,河蟹,小盆友,……DialectalvarietiesIdiolect个人
8、语言Apersonaldialectofanindividualspeakerthatcombinesele
此文档下载收益归作者所有