资源描述：
《语言学导论-第1章Introduction》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、LinguisticsDongLilililydong2005@yahoo.com.cn15050597331AnIntroductiontoGoalsofthiscourseKnowtheterms&theirdefinitionsUnderstandtherelatedtheoriesIllustratecertainlanguagephenomenaAssessmentforthiscourseAttendance10%Classperformance20%Finalexam70%Learnthi
2、ngs&havefun!LinguisticsDefinition:thescientificstudyoflanguageWhatdoweknowaboutlanguage?Thenumberoflanguages?NumberoflanguagesEnglishالعربيةБългарскиČeštinaEspañol日本語한국어ไทย中文SlovenščinaעבריתPortuguês……Thereareover6,900spokenlanguagesintheworld,about50%of
3、thesearedyingout.Mostofthemdonothaveawrittenform.TenMostWidelySpokenLanguagesLanguageNS(m)%Mainlyspokenin1Mandarin93514.1%China,Taiwan,Malaysia,Singapore2Spanish3875.85%LatinAmerica,Spain,UnitedStates3English3655.52%UnitedKingdom,UnitedStates,……4Hindi295
4、4.46%India5Arabic2804.23%NorthernAfrica,MiddleEast6Portuguese2043.08%Brazil,Portugal,……7Bengali2023.05%Bangladesh,WestBengal(India),……8Russian1602.42%Russia,formerRepublicsoftheSovietUnion,9Japanese1271.92%Japan10Punjabi95.51.44%Punjabregion(Pakistan,Ind
5、ia)Theoriginoflanguage?OriginsoflanguageWow-wowtheory(汪汪理论):Languagewasanimitationofnaturalsounds,suchasthecriesofanimals,likequackorcuckoo.Pooh-poohtheory(噗噗理论):Languagearosefrominstinctiveemotionalcries,expressiveofpainorjoy.Yo-he-hotheory(哟-嗬-噢理论):Lan
6、guagearosefromthenoisesmadebyagroupofpeopleengagedinjointlabororeffort–liftingahugehuntedgame,movingarock,etc.Evolutiontheory(进化理论):Languageoriginatedintheprocessoflaborandansweredthecallofsocialneed.Divineorigin(神授说)TheDivineorigin:“AndtheLordsaid,Behol
7、d,thepeopleisone,andtheyhaveallonelanguage;andthistheybegintodo;andnownothingwillberestrainedfromthem,whichtheyhaveimaginedtodo.”(Genesis,11:6)Thewholeearthhadonelanguageandwasofonespeech.Astheymigratedfromtheeast,ithappenedthattheyfoundaplaininthelandof
8、Shinar,andtheysettledthere.Theysaidonetoanother,'Come,let'smakebricks,andbakethemthoroughly.'Theyusedbricksforstone,andasphaltformortar.Theysaid,'Come,letusbuildourselvesacity,andatowerwhosetopreachesthesky.Letusmakeanamef
