00832englishlexicology英语词汇学复习资料

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1、甘肃考试网【 www.Stegs.netwww.BceR.cn】 QQ交流群:35167222各类考试历年试题答案免费直接下载00832EnglishLexicology(英语词汇学)复习资料教材购买：http://www.stegs.net/so.html1.EnglishlexicologyaimsatinvestigatingandstudyingthemorphologicalstructuresofEnglishwordsandwordequivalents,theirsemanticstructures,relations,historicaldeve

2、lopment,formationandusages.英语词汇学旨在调查和研究英语单词和单词的等价物的形态结构,其语义结构、关系、历史发展、形成和用法。2.EnglishLexicologyiscorrelatedwithsuchlinguisticdisciplinesasmorphology(形态学),semantics(语义学),etymology(词源学),stylistics（文体论）andlexicography(词典学)Chapter1--Basicconceptsofwordsandvocabulary1.Word（词的定义）:Awordisami

3、nimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensoundandmeaningandsyntacticfunction.(1)aminimalfreeformofalanguage(2)asoundunity(3)aunitofmeaning(4)aformthatcanfunctionaloneinasentence词语是语言最小的自由形式，拥有固定的声音和意义以及句法作用。2.Soundandmeaning（声音与意义）:almostarbitrary,“nologicalrelationshipbetweenthesoundwhic

4、hstandsforathingoranideaandtheactualthingandideaitself”3.Soundandform（读音和形式）:不统一的四个原因（1）theEnglishalphabetwasadoptedfromtheRomans,whichdoesnothaveaseparatelettertorepresenteachother（2）thepronunciationhaschangedmorerapidlythanspellingovertheyears（3）someofthedifferencewerecreatedbytheea

5、rlyscribes（4）theborrowingsisanimportantchannelofenrichingtheEnglishvocabulary（5）printing、standardization、dictionary—OldEnglish,Thespeechofthetimewasrepresentedverymuchmorefaithfullyinwritingthanitistoday.古代英语中的口语比今天更忠实的代表书面语—ThewrittenformofEnglishisanimperfectrepresentationofthespoke

6、nform。英语的书写是发音形式不完善的代表4.Whatisvocabulary？（1）Totalnumberofthewordsinalanguage一个语言的单词综合（2）Wordsusedinaparticularhistoricalperiod特殊历史时期使用的单词（3）Allthewordsofadialect，abook，adiscipline...某个方言，书籍，学科中的所有单词5.ClassificationofEnglishWords：Byusefrequency:basicwordstock&nonbasicvocabularyBynotion

7、:contentwords&functionalwordsByorigin:nativewords&borrowedwords6.Thebasicwordstock（基本词汇）:isthefoundationofthevocabularyaccumulatedovercenturiesandformsthecommoncoreofthelanguage.ThoughitconstituteasmallpercentageoftheEV,itisthemostimportantpartofvocabulary.基础词是几世纪积累的词汇的基础，构成语言的核心。尽管基础

8、词占英语词