清华公共财政学lecture 1-introduction_1_641904490new

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1、PublicFinanceChapterOne-IntroductionBinzhenWuTsinghuaUniversity2013.9.15CHAPTER1■PublicEconomics:IntroductionEverythingwediscussstaysinclass•Donotputitintheinternet《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》:“同一诽谤信息实际被点击、浏览次数达到5000次以上，或者被转发次数达到500次以上的”，应当认定为诽谤行为“情

2、节严重”。“情节严重者，可处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剥夺政治权利。”PublicFinanceandPublicPolicyJonathanGruberThirdEditionRevisedbyBinzhenWu2of45CHAPTER1■PublicEconomics:IntroductionPublicFinance/PublicEconomicsPublicEconomicsfocusesonmicroeconomicfunctionsofgovernment:thewaygovernmentaffectsthea

3、llocationofresourcesandthedistributionofincome.•non-pecuniaryresourcesFocusonthetaxesandspendingactivitiesPublicFinanceandPublicPolicyJonathanGruberThirdEditionRevisedbyBinzhenWu3of45CHAPTER1■PublicEconomics:IntroductionWhatisthegeneralroleofgovernment?Organicview–th

4、ecommunitystressedaboveindividuals.Individualsarevaluedbytheircontributiontotherealizationofsocialgoals.Goalsofsocietysetbythegovernment.Mechanisticview–governmentiscreatedbyindividualstoachievetheirgoals.Thegovernmentservesindividuals.•theviewpointtakeninthiscourse.

5、•ThesixthPlenarySessionofthe16thNCCPC,2006.10.8PublicFinanceandPublicPolicyJonathanGruberThirdEditionRevisedbyBinzhenWu4of45CHAPTER1■PublicEconomics:IntroductionWhatshouldthegovernmentdoorbelikeunderthemechanisticview?Notextbookanswer!•SeparationofPowers?Democracy?•L

6、essregulation?Smallersize?•WordBank:theruleoflaw;reducedistortion;stablemacro-economics;infrastructureinvestment;protectminority;environmentalprotection•ThepreambletotheUSConstitution,thestateswereunitedinorderto“establishjustice,insuredomestictranquility,providefort

7、hecommondefense,promotethegeneralwelfareandsecuretheblessingsoflibertytoourselvesandoutposterity.”•Protectmarketandbecomplementarytomarket!PublicFinanceandPublicPolicyJonathanGruberThirdEditionRevisedbyBinzhenWu5of45CHAPTER1■PublicEconomics:IntroductionBasicQuestions

8、inPublicEconomicsThree(four)basicquestionsinPublicEconomics.•Whydoweneedthegovernment?Or,whenshouldthegovernmentinterveneintheecono