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1、HEINONLINECitation:17ChineseSoc.&Pol.Sci.Rev.2151933-1934Contentdownloaded/printedfromHeinOnline(http://heinonline.org)FriMar1302:42:402015--YouruseofthisHeinOnlinePDFindicatesyouracceptanceofHeinOnline'sTermsandConditionsofthelicenseagreementavailableathttp://heinonline.org/HOL/License--Thesear
2、chtextofthisPDFisgeneratedfromuncorrectedOCRtext.THELEGALIZATIONOFTHEOPIUMTRADEBEFORETHETREATIESOF18581.TheInterregnumofthe1850s.2.TheOpiumPolicyoftheBritishGovernment.3.ChineseEnforcementoftheOpiumProhibition.4.TheProposalsforImperialTaxationoftheOpiumTrade.5.TheTaxationEffectedbytheProvincialA
3、uthorities:a.Shanghai,1855.b.Ningpo,1856.c.Shanghai,1856-7.d.Ningpo,1857.e.Foochow,1857.f.Amoy,1857-8.g.Ningpo,1858.6.AnInterpretation.InthefieldofChineseforeignrelationsinthenineteenthcentury,nosubjectismoredifficulttodealwiththantheopiumtrade.Writersofthelastcentury,whowroteaboutitinordertoget
4、actionagainstit,andwhomarshalledtheirfactstosupporttheirmoralindigna-tion,endowedthequestionwithapervasivemoralstigma.Inthisgenera-tionwhenawriterseekstoreconstructthepastinaccuratedetailandproportionandleavetherightandwrongofittohisreader,hefindshimselfinvoluntarilysittinginjudgment.Suchmoralju
5、dgmentisbesidethepointandmaybelefttothereader.Theopiumtradewasoneofthegreatfactsofthenineteenthcentury,andsoonerorlaterhistoriansmustanalyzeitscauses,itsworking,anditsinfluence.ItwassointegrallyboundupwitheveryphaseofSino-foreignrelations,-commercial,political,andcultural,-thatitsramificationsmu
6、stsoonerorlaterbeworkedoutequallywithallotheraspectsoftheperiodandsetforthinproperrelationtothem.216THECHINESESOCIALANDPOLITICALSCIENCEREVIEWObviouslythiscannotbeattemptedwithinthelimitsofthepresentarticle.Theevidenceherepresentedismerelyafragment,contributedasanindicationoftheamountoffurtherres
7、earchthatmustbedone,andofferedasastimulantratherthanasnourishment,inthehopethatamoreactiveinterestmaybetakeninaperiodofhistoryinwhichmanyofourpresentproblemsweretakingshape.1.THEINTERREGNUMOFTHE1850s.Inthe1850sthemainobjecto
