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1、JOURNALOFCHINESEOVERSEAS
2、V1N2ADrugontheMarket:Opiumandthe1ChineseinSoutheastAsia,1750–1880CARLA.TROCKIThisarticletracestheearlystagesofChinesemigrationtoSoutheastAsiaandexaminestherelationshipbetweentheChinesepioneersintheregionandtheopiumtradeoftheBritish.
3、Thearticlestressestheimportanceofthe“WaterFrontier”settlementsintheGulfofSiamandtheMalayPeninsula.ItsuggeststhatopiumchangedtherelationshipbetweenChinesemerchant-capitalistsandChineselaborersintheregionandactedasthebasisforalong-termpartnershipbetweenthemer
4、chantsandthecolonialpowerswithwealthyChinesemerchantsactingasopiumrevenuefarmers.Inparticular,itarguesthattheperanakanChineseorlocally-bornChinese,particularlythoseinSingaporeandtheotherStraitsSettlements,emergedasthekeyfiguresintheopiumfarmingsyndicatestha
5、tgrewupinSoutheastAsiaduringthenineteenthcentury.IntroductionTHEREHASLONGBEENAPROBLEMATICRELATIONSHIPbetweentheChineseandopium,howevermanydimensionsofthisrelationshiphaveescapedseriousattentionfromscholars.Theissues,sofarasmosthistorianshavebeenconcerned,ha
6、verevolvedaroundalimitedrangeoftopics.MuchworkhasbeendoneontheopiumtradetoChinainthelateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies;the“opiumwars”betweenChinaandBritain;andthecampaignstosuppresstheopiumtradetoandinChinaaroundtheendofthenineteenthcenturyandtheearl
7、ytwentiethcentury(Booth1996;Chang1964;Coates1911;Collis1968;Fairbank1953;Fay1975;Greenberg1951;Johnson1975;LeFevour1968;Owen1934rep.1968;Scott1969;Spence1975;Stelle1938;Tan1974,1978;Wakeman1966;Waley1958;Walker1991;Waung1977;Wong1998).Untilrecently,therehav
8、ebeenrelativelyfewstudiesoftheopiumtradeinthecontextoftheChinesediaspora,particularlywithinSoutheastAsia.IargueherethatCarlTrockiisProfessorofAsianStudiesatQueenslandUniversityofTechnology.Hisemailaddressisc.trocki@qut.edu.au©JOURNALOFCHINESEOVERSEAS1,2(NOV
9、.2005):147–168147CARLA.TROCKI
10、DRUGONTHEMARKETopium,boththeopiumtradeandopiumuse,haveplayedamajorpartintheformationoftheculture,economyandpoliticsoftheChineseinSoutheastAsia.Iwouldlike,withthesegeneralr
