On English Idioms Translation and Contrast to Chinese Ones from a Cultural Perspective 从文化角度看英语习语与汉语的对比和翻译

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1、OnEnglishIdiomsTranslationandContrasttoChineseOnesfromaCulturalPerspective从文化角度看英语习语与汉语的对比和翻译中文摘要摘要：习语是指那些经受了历史的长期考验,千锤百炼而形成的固定词组。习语通常包括成语、谚语、俗语、俚语以及典故等。英汉习语源于生活，纷繁浩瀚，源远流长，文化信息异常丰富。习语常用形象生动、浅显易懂的语言，准确地描述社会现象、自然法则，高度地阐述人文习俗、思想感情。由于受历史背景、地理环境、宗教信仰和生活习俗等方面文化差异的影响

2、，英汉习语中有些文化信息完全对应，有些部分对应，还有一些无任何对应的关系。为了形神兼备地传递其中的文化信息，在翻译习语时，应当充分了解英汉习语中所含的文化内涵，视具体情况，或英汉对译，或文外加注，或另添字词。本文从多方面比较英汉习语中所体现的文化差异，列举出在英汉习语翻译中常见的方法，如直译、意译等。直译多适用于文化信息完全或部分对应的英汉习语翻译，而意译多用于无对应关系的习语。关键词：英语习语，特征，文化，翻译Abstract:Idiomsarefixedphrasesthatgothroughthetestof

3、historyandcannotbetreatedseparately.Idiomsusuallyincludeproverbs,colloquialisms,slangandallusions.Largeinquantity,longinhistoryandrichinculturalinformation,bothEnglishandChineseIdiomsaredeeplyrootedinlife.Idiomsrepresentthesocialphenomenonandnaturalrulesaccura

4、telywithlivelyandplainwords.Asfarastheirunderlyingculturalinformationisconcerned,someidiomsarecompletelyorpartialequivalentbothinChineseandinEnglishwhilesomeothershavenothingincommonatall.Inordertoconveytheirculturalinformationfully,faithfullyandeffectively,we

5、cantranslatetheseidiomswordforword,givenotesoraddextrawords.ThispaperexplorestheculturaldifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishIdioms,discussestheinfluencesofculturaldifferencesontheidiomsandgivessomespecificapproachesintranslationofChineseandEnglishidioms.Keyword

6、s:Englishidioms;feature;culture;translation1.IntroductionLanguageisthecarrierofcultureandidiomsarecommonlyrecognizedastheessenceorthecrystallizationoflanguage.Itusuallyincludesproverb,colloquialism,slangandallusionandsoon.Idiomsalsorepresentthesocialphenomenon

7、andnaturalrulesaccuratelywithlivelyandplainwordssothattheymightbecomparedtooneofthemirrorswhichbestreflectthespecialfeaturesofanationoraculture.Infact,idiomswhichbecomeoralweaponsthosearedifficulttoargueagainst.The16thUSPresidentAbrahamLincolnoncequotedanidiom

8、derivedfromtheBible:“Ahousedividedagainstitselfcannotstand”inoneofhisfamousspeech,callingonpeopletofightagainstslaveryandCivilWar.Withtheincreasingfrequentdevelopmentofculturalexch