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1、鼾症患者气道管理困难的多因素分析作者:张旭,白浪,陈英子,周守静【关键词】睡眠呼吸暂停综合征;插管法,气管内;综合评估法;多因素【摘要】目的分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者困难气道的多项评估指标。方法选择125例行悬雍垂-腭-咽成形手术的OSAS患者,分析与气管插管相关的多项因素,包括困难气管插管病史、年龄、性别、身高、体重、体重指数、颈围、上下切牙间距、甲额间距、颈部后仰度、下颌骨活动情况、门齿有无突出、有无小领畸形、改良Mallampati分级、呼吸暂停指数等。插管困难的标准为Cormack-Lehan6喉头分级3、级。结果鼾症患者插管困难的相关危险
2、素为:改良Mallampati分级、上下切牙间距和颈部后仰度,其相对危险度分别为、、。综合此三项指标,以总分>5认为存在插管困难作为简易预测OSAS患者术前插管困难的综合评估指标,与传统的单项改良Mallampati分级试验和Wilson评分法比较实际插管困难发生率,得出简易的综合评估法敏感度高,漏诊率低。结论在OSAS患者中综合改良Mallampati分级、上下切牙间距和颈部后仰度三项评估指标,可简易预测此类患者插管困难的情况。【关键词】睡眠呼吸暂停综合征;插管法,气管内;综合评估法;多因素Multivariateriskindexofdifficul
3、tairwaymanagementinobstructivesleepapneasyndromZHANGXu,BAILang,CHENYing-zi,etofAnesthesiology,EENTHospital,FudanUniversity,Shanghai200031,China.[Abstract]0bjectiveThepurposeofthisstudyistodevelopaclinicallyusefulmodelforpredictingdifficulttrachealintubationinpatientswithobstructi
4、vesleepapneasyndromeundergoinguvulopalatopharyngiplastyAmongl250SASpatientswereselectedtocompareseveralmultifactorialclinicalindexesforpredictingDI.MultivariatelogisticregressionanalysiswasusedtoexaminetherelativeriskfactorsincludingpreviousknowledgeofDI,sex,age,wEight,bodymassin
5、dex,apneahypopnea.index,cervicalmorphology,inter~incisorgap,thyromentaldistance,subluxation,atlanto-occipitalextension,micrognathia,Mallampati?smodifiedtest,toothstandardofDIwasassessedbytheanaesthesiologistduringlaryngoscopybyusingtheCormack-LehaneclassificationandwasdefinedasGr
6、adelllorlV.ResuitsTherelativeriskfactorsofDIwere:Mallampati?smodifiedtest,upper-lowerincisorteethdistanceandneckupwarddegree.Asimpleandclinicallyusefulmultivariablemode1,consistingofthreeairwaytestswasestablishedandshowedahighersensitivityandlowermisdiagnosisratewhencomparedwithM
7、allampati?smodifiedtestandWilsonsWeconcludethatOSASisahighriskforDI.AsimplemodelisproducedforpredictingDIinOSASpatients.【Keywords]sleepapneasyndrome;intubation,intratrachea1;predictiveriskfactors;multivariateriskindex全麻患者最常见的三大呼吸相关的并发症包括:通气不足、气管导管误入食管和气管插管困难[1]。Wilson[2]和Hiremath
8、[3]报道鼾症[4]与困难插管有密切联系,故有学者[4]建议所有的OSAS患者都