英语专业语法书答案lecture 3 subject-verb__ concord

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1、Lecture3Subject-verbConcord(II)Thislecturedealswithproblemsofconcordwithacoordinateconstruction,aquantitativeexpression,oranominalclauseassubject.3.1ProblemsofconcordwithacoordinatesubjectThefollowingrulesaretobeobservedinthecaseofacoordinatesubject.1)Coor

2、dinationwith"and"or"both…and"Coordinationby"and"or"both…and"isusuallytreatedaspluralwhenitreferstotwoormorethantwopersons/things,butitistreatedassingularwhenitreferstoonlyonepersonorthing.Compare:BothPaulineandBobhavegonefishingonMiramarLake.Rain,hailandwind

3、havecausedanestimated$22,000,000damagetocropsandlivestock.Thesecretaryandtreasurerwasabsentfromthemeeting.Hamandeggsisagoodbreakfast..2)Coordinationwith"or"/"either…or","nor"/"neither…nor","notonly…butalso"Heretheproblemofconcordisgenerallydealtwithaccording

4、totheprincipleofproximity.Butininformalstyle,itemscoordinatedby"neither…nor"or"notonly…butalso"cansometimesberegardedasplural,eg:Mysistersormybrotherislikelytobeathome.Eithermyfatherormybrothersarecoming.Neithertheplayersnorthecoachwasoverconfident.Notonlyth

5、eswitchesbutalsotheoldwiringhasbeenchanged.3.2ProblemsofconcordwithexpressionsofquantityassubjectQuantitativeexpressionsfallintotwocategories:definiteandindefinite.1)ConcordwithexpressionofdefinitequantityassubjectWhenadefinitequantityisregardedasasingleunit

6、,theverbtakesthesingularformandwhenusedinthesenseoftheindividualsthatconstitutethequantity,theverbtakesthepluralform.Compare:Hethoughtthat65dollarswasnottoomuchtoask.Therewere6silverdollarsineachofthestockings.Ifthesubjectis"afraction/percentage+of-phrase",

7、theformoftheverbisdeterminedbythenounintheof-phrase.Apluralnounintheof-phraserequiresapluralverb;asingularoramassnounintheof-phraseistobefollowedbyasingularverb,eg:Over60%ofthecitywasdestroyedinthewar.Twothirdsoftheswamplandhasbeenreclaimedforfarming.Nearly

8、50%ofthedoctorsarewomen.Ifthesubjectisanexpressionof"Aplus/andB"or"AmultipliedbyB",theverbcaneithertakethesingularorthepluralform.If,ontheotherhand,thesubject4isoneof“AminusB"or"AdividedbyB",t