英语专业语法书答案lecture 3 subject-verb__ concord

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1、Lecture3Subject-verbConcord(II)Thislecturedealswithproblemsofconcordwithacoordinateconstruction,aquantitativeexpression,oranominalclauseassubject.3.1ProblemsofconcordwithacoordinatesubjectThefollowingrulesaretobeobservedinthecaseofacoordinatesubject.1)Coordinationwith"a

2、nd"or"both…and"Coordinationby"and"or"both…and"isusuallytreatedaspluralwhenitreferstotwoormorethantwopersons/things,butitistreatedassingularwhenitreferstoonlyonepersonorthing.Compare:BothPaulineandBobhavegonefishingonMiramarLake.Rain,hailandwindhavecausedanestimated$22,000

3、,000damagetocropsandlivestock.Thesecretaryandtreasurerwasabsentfromthemeeting.Hamandeggsisagoodbreakfast..2)Coordinationwith"or"/"either…or","nor"/"neither…nor","notonly…butalso"Heretheproblemofconcordisgenerallydealtwithaccordingtotheprincipleofproximity.Butininformalsty

4、le,itemscoordinatedby"neither…nor"or"notonly…butalso"cansometimesberegardedasplural,eg:Mysistersormybrotherislikelytobeathome.Eithermyfatherormybrothersarecoming.Neithertheplayersnorthecoachwasoverconfident.Notonlytheswitchesbutalsotheoldwiringhasbeenchanged.3.2Problemsof

5、concordwithexpressionsofquantityassubjectQuantitativeexpressionsfallintotwocategories:definiteandindefinite.1)ConcordwithexpressionofdefinitequantityassubjectWhenadefinitequantityisregardedasasingleunit,theverbtakesthesingularformandwhenusedinthesenseoftheindividualsthatc

6、onstitutethequantity,theverbtakesthepluralform.Compare:Hethoughtthat65dollarswasnottoomuchtoask.Therewere6silverdollarsineachofthestockings.Ifthesubjectis"afraction/percentage+of-phrase",theformoftheverbisdeterminedbythenounintheof-phrase.Apluralnounintheof-phraserequir

7、esapluralverb;asingularoramassnounintheof-phraseistobefollowedbyasingularverb,eg:Over60%ofthecitywasdestroyedinthewar.Twothirdsoftheswamplandhasbeenreclaimedforfarming.Nearly50%ofthedoctorsarewomen.Ifthesubjectisanexpressionof"Aplus/andB"or"AmultipliedbyB",theverbcaneith

8、ertakethesingularorthepluralform.If,ontheotherhand,thesubject4isoneof“AminusB"or"AdividedbyB",t