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1、不可译性及其补偿方法不可译性及其补偿方法【Abstract】ThispaperdiscussestheproblemofuntranslatabilitybetweenChineseandEnglish,includinglinguisticandculturaluntranslatability.EnglishbelongstotheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily,andChinesebelongstotheSino-Tibetanlanguagefamily.Thephonemicsyste
2、m,characterstructureandfigureofspeechareallpletelydifferent,andmostoftheseinonelanguagedonothaveequivalentintheotherlanguage.Thiscauseslinguisticuntranslatability.Differentcountryandregionhavedifferentculturalbackground,suchashistory,religionandsociety,andsoon,t
3、hesearenotexistinothercountryandregion.Soitisdifficulttotranslate.Butuntranslatabilityisnotabsolutely,weshouldunderstandtheco-existenceoftranslatabilityanduntranslatability.Baseontheunderstanding,wecanusesomemethodtopensateinordertolessthebarrierintranslationand
4、promoteslanguageandculturemunication.【Keywords】untranslatability;linguisticuntranslatability;culturaluntranslatability;methodofpensation【摘要】本文讨论汉英翻译中的不可译性问题,包括语言不可译性和文化不可译性。英语属于印欧语系,而汉语属于汉藏语系,其语音系统,文字结构和修辞方法都完全不同,这些绝大多数都无法在另一语言中找到对等语,这便造成了语言的不可译性。不同的国家和地区有着不同的历史
5、、宗教、社会等文化背景,这些在别的国家和地区都是不存在的,所以给翻译造成了困难。但不可乙性并非绝对的,我们必须在理解可译性与不可译性是共同存在的,在此理解的基础上,我们可以采用补偿方法,目的在于对不可译性进行一定程度的补偿,尽量减少翻译障碍,促进语言与文化交流。【关键词】不可译性;语言不可译性;文化不可译性;补偿方法1.IntroductionUntranslatabilityisapropertyofatext,orofanyutteranceinonelanguage,forwhichnoequivalenttex
6、torutterancecanbefoundinanotherlanguage.“J.C.Catford,acelebratedtranslationscholaroflinguisticsschool,raisedtheissueofuntranslatabilityin1965.Hearguesthatthelinguisticuntranslatabilityisduetothedifferencesinthesourcelanguageandthetargetlanguage,whereascultureunt
7、ranslatabilityisduetotheabsenceinthetargetlanguageofrelevantsituationalfeatures.”[1]“Nidapresentsarichsourceofinformationabouttheproblemofloseintranslation,inparticularaboutthedifficultiesencounteredbythetranslatorwhenfacingwithtermsorconceptsinthesourcelanguage
8、thatdonotexitinthetargetlanguage.”[2]“PeterNewmarkhasoncebrieflytalkedaboutthedeviationintranslation.”[3]InChinatoday,manytranslationexpertsandscholarshavealsodiscuss