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ID:457777
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页数:8页
时间:2017-08-04
《技术创新对国际贸易的影响【外文翻译】》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、外文翻译原文TheeffectoftechnologicalinnovationoninternationaltradeMaterialSource:EconomicsdiscussionpapersAuthor:Márquez-Ramos,LauraMartínez-Zarzoso,InmaculadaInternationaltradetheoryhighlightstheimportanceoftechnologicalinnovationinexplainingacountry’sinte
2、rnationalcompetitiveness(Posner1961;Vernon1966; Fagerberg1997).Schumpeter(1944)viewedeconomicdevelopmentasadynamicprocessderivingfromindustryandexports,withinnovationplayingakeyroleinthedevelopmentofboth.Empiricalworklinkingtradetotechnologicalinnovat
3、ionbasedonagravityframeworkshowthattheeffectoftechnologicalinnovationonexportsvarieswithcountrycharacteristics.Lounganietal.(2002)assessedtheimportanceofinformationlinksthatassociatetechnologicalinnovationwithlowercommunicationcosts,andstatedthatthene
4、gativeeffectofphysicaldistanceontradecouldbereducedbyreducingthebarrierstoinformationalflows.Theseauthorsdistinguishedbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountrieswhenanalysingwhetherbetterinformationalinfrastructurecansubstituteforgeographicaldistance.Their
5、resultsindicatethatthedegreeofsubstitutionbetweenphysicalandinformationaldistancevariessystematicallybasedoncountrycharacteristics.Theauthorstestedforapurelylinearrelationshipbetweeninformationalinfrastructureandtradewithoutconsideringanythresholdeffe
6、cts.Finketal.(2005)analysedtheeffectofcommunicationcostsonbilateraltradeflowsbytakingintoaccountthatthiseffectmightvarywithsectoralcharacteristics.Theirresultsshowthatcross-countryvariationsincommunicationcostshaveasignificanteffectoninternationaltrad
7、e.Indeed,theyfoundthatlowercommunicationcostsfosterdifferentiatedgoodtradingtoagreaterextentthanhomogeneousgoodtrading.Sinceinformationandcommunicationneedsaremuchgreaterfordifferentiatedgoods,tradeinthese productsislikelytobemoresensitivetovariations
8、incommunicationcosts(Harris 1995).Theseresultsmaydependonthemeasureofinnovationthatisused.Indeed,Kuznets(1962)notedtheproblemswiththatthelackofappropriateinnovationmeasuresmaycreateineconomicresearchrelatedtoinventiveactivity.Inrecentyears,con
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