出口结构对出口的影响-外文翻译

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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译原文：THEIMPACTOFTHECOMPOSITIONOFEXPORTSONEXPORTPERFORMANCE出处：DEECONOMIST135,NR.2,1987作者：S.BRAKMANANDC.J.JEPMA1.INTRODUCTIONTheissueofwhatdeterminescountries'exportshareininternationaltradehasoftenbeenthesubjectofempiricalanalysis.Oftensuchananalysisiscarriedoutbyusingsimples

2、ingle-equationmodelsfocusingonsubstitutionofdemand.Commonpracticetherebyistoconcentrateonthecalculationoftheelasticityofsubstitutionbetweentwoexporters(usuallythecountryconcernedandagroupofcompetitors)inathirdmarket,simplybytakingthequotientoftheexportdemandequationsforthetwoexporte

3、rs.Insuchaframeworkcompetitivenessiscruciallylinkedwithrelativeprices.Reality,however,isfarmorecomplicated.Thesingle-equationmodelsthereforehavebeensubjecttoseverecriticismfortheirsimplicityandtheaprioriassumptionswhichhavetobemade.Mostcriticismswereofaneconometricnature(startingfro

4、mOrcutt,1950);however,theoreticaldoubtshavebeenexpressedaswell.Thisresultedinsomeextensionsofthemodel,e.g.theintroductionofsupplyfactors,theincorporationofnon-pricefactors,andtheimpactofthebusinesscycle.Ageneralweaknessofthetraditionaltrademodelsisstilllackofattentiontotheimpactofth

5、edifferencesinthecompositionoftheexportsbetweencompetingcountriesontheirrelativeexportperformance.NeverthelessTyszynski(1951)didseparatetheimpactofthecompositionofexportsandcompetitivenessonexportperformance;othersfollowed,butthepreciserelationshipbetweenthecompositionofexportsandco

6、mpetitivenessremainedunclear.ThemajorcontributiontothisissuehasbeenmadebyOoms(1967),butreceivedlittleattention.Alsohardlyanyattentionhasbeengiventothepolicyimplicationsofthemodels.Thepresentpapertriestoindicatehowthecompositionofexportsisrelatedtoexportperformance,bothdirectlyandvia

7、the(other)factorsdeterminingtheexports,andcanbeconsideredanextensionoftheOomsmodelinsomerespectswithanemphasisonthepolicyaspects.Asetoftrademodelsispresented.Theydifferwithrespecttotheunderlyingassumptions,butgenerallyhaveincommonthattworegionsofdestinationaredistinguished,enablinga

8、nalysisoftheimpacto