阅读理解中的思维障碍

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1、英语阅读理解题中的思维障碍一、主题句、标题、主旨大意A．太笼统、缺乏针对性主题句、标题、主旨大意要求准确性、概括性和针对性极强，然而有些学生由于对于这类阅的特点理解不透，造成所选的答案十分笼统，缺乏针对性。例文：Therearetwokindsofmemory:short-termandlong-term.Informationinlong-termmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisneeded.Onthecontrary,informationinshort-termmemoryiskeptforonlyafewseconds.Thefol

2、lowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied.HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguageremembervocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyshowedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,advancedandnative-speakingstudents.Tobegin,studentsl

3、istenedtoarecordingofanativespeaker,readingaparagraphinEnglish.Followingtherecording,studentstooka15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyremembered.Somequestionshadfourchoicesthatsoundalike.Somequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesamemeaning:method,way,mannerandsystemwouldbefourwordswiththesamemeaning.Fi

4、nallythesubjectstookalanguageproficiency(熟练程度)test.HenningfoundthestudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmademoremistakesinwordsthatsoundalike:studentswithahigherproficiencymademoreoftheirmistakesinwordsthathavethesamemeaning,.Henning’sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthesoundofthewordsinthei

5、rshort-termmemory,andadvancedstudentsholdthemeaningofwordsintheirlong-termmemory.Question:ThetextmainlytellsusaboutA．long-termmemoryB．twokindsofmemoryC．short-termmemoryD．anexperimentonstudentsB．以偏概全主题句、标题和主旨大意是针对着全篇，而不是针对某段或者文中的某个方面；可是有的学生在做这类题时把思维集中在某一段落或者集中于文中的某点，往往导致他们犯下以偏概全的错误：例文：Skinisthename

6、forthespecialcoveringonourbodies.Itcomesincolorssuchasblack,brown,white,yellowandred.However,thecolorofskinisnotimportant.Allskinhasoneimportantjob:toprotectwhatisinsideourbodies.Withcarefultreatment,yourskinwillcontinuetohelpprotectyouandyourbodyforalongtime.Skinhastwoparts.Thetoppart,whichcanbes

7、een,iscalledtheepidermis(表皮):Itisaverythinlayerofdeadskin.Thebodyreplacesthislayerallthetime.Peopleloseabouttwentykilosofskinintheirlife.Theinnerlayerofskiniscalledthedermis(真皮).Theskininthislayerisliving.Thederm