英译汉常用的方法和技巧上

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1、英译汉常用的方法和技巧（上）第四章第一节：词义的选择、引伸和褒贬第二节：词类转译法第三节：增词法第四节：重复法第五节：省略法第六节：正反、反正表达法第一节词义的选择、引申和褒贬I.词义的选择A．根据句子中的一个词的词类来选择和确定词义sound:n.“声音”；v.“发声”或“测量深度”；adj.“健康的”或“正确的”。Aircarriessound.soundnoun:1.sththatyoucanhearahigh/lowsoundthedifferentsoundsandsmellsoftheforest2.theeffe

2、ctthatisproducedbythemusicofaparticularsingerorgroupofmusiciansIliketheirsound.3.impressionthesoundofsth.Fromthesoundofthingsyouwereluckytofindhim.4.water(ofplacenames)anarrowpassageofwaterthatjoinstwolargerareasofwatersyn:strait海湾verb1.giveimpressionHisvoicesounded

3、strangeonthephone.2.soundingfine-soundingwords3.producesoundThebellsoundedfortheendoftheclass.4.givewarning/signalWhenIsawthesmoke,Itriedtosoundthealarm.5.produceYoudon’tsoundthe“b”inthewordcomb.6.measuredepthadj.1.reliablethereachasoundconclusion2.thoroughasoundkno

4、wledge/understandingofsth.Hehasasoundgraspoftheissue.3.notdamaged/hurtWearrivedhomesafeandsound.Thehouseneedsattentionbuttheroofissound.4.sleep:deepandpeacefultohaveasoundnight’ssleep5.good,butnotexcellentasoundpieceofwriting6.physicalpunishmenttogivesb.asoundbeatin

5、g1.Inthefirstroundourfootballteamhashadthreewinsandonedefeats.2.Theearthroundsthesun.3.Theearthisround.4.Theexcitingnewssooncarriedround.5.Theearthgoesroundthesun.B．根据一个词在上下文中与其他词的逻辑关系和搭配关系来确定词义Thismethodworkedverywell.这种方法行之有效。2.Itisduetotheinventionofthecomputerth

6、atmanhasbeenabletoworksomanywondersinthepastfewdecades.正是由于发明了电子计算机，人类才能够在过去的几十年中创造出这么多的奇迹。C．根据专业内容来确定词义1.Aporterisabaggagecarrier.搬运工就是搬运行李的人。2.Fliesandmosquitoesarecarriersofinfectiousdiseases.苍蝇和蚊子是传染病的传播者。3.Thesolderglassisinapowderedformandissuspendedinaliquidc

7、arrierforeaseandaccuracyofapplication.为了便于使用和精确控制，焊料玻璃呈粉末状，并悬浮于液态载体中。4.Beforeworkyoumustcarefullycheckwhetherflattoolisfastenedonthetoolcarrier.工作前必须仔细检查平口刀是否紧固在刀架上。5.Thepilotlandedhisplaneontheaircraftcarrier.驾驶员将飞机落在航空母舰上。6.Analternativemethodistotransmitthecombin

8、eddigitalsignalfromtheparallelchannelsbyfrequencyorphasemodulationofcommoncarrier.另一种方法是对公共载波调频或调相的方法发送并列信道的组合数字信号。7.Inacrystalatequilibri