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ID:22742396
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页数:12页
时间:2018-10-31
《基础及基础工程外文翻译》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、河北建筑工程学院毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系别:土木工程专业:土木工程班级:*********姓名:**********学号:**************外文出处:GEOLOGLCALANDGEOTECHNICALENGINEERING附件:1、外文原文;2、外文资料翻译译文。指导教师评语:签字:年月日注:请将该封面与附件装订成册。1、外文原文(复印件)FoundationAndFoundationEngineeringStrucuresorotherconstructedworksaresupportedontheearth
2、byfoundation.Theword“foundation”maymeantheearthitself,somethingplacedinorontheearthtoprovidesupport,oracombinnationoftheearthandtheelementsplacedonit.Thefoundationforamultistoryofficebuildingcouldbeacombinationforanearth-filldamwouldbethenaturalsoilorrockonwhichtheda
3、misplaced.Concretefootingsorwhichorinwhichtheyareplaced.Theinstalledelementsandthenaturalsoilorrockoftheearthformafoundationsystem;thesoilandrockprovidetheultimatesupportofthesystem.Foundationthatareinstalledmaybeeithersoil-bearingorrock–bearing.Thereactionsofthesoil
4、orrocktotheimposedloadsgenerallydeterminedhowwellthefoundationsystemfunctions.Indesigningtheinstalledportions,thedesignermustdeterminethesafepressuewhichcanbeusedonthesoilorrockandtheamountoftotalsettlementanddifferentialsettlementwhichthestructurecanwithstand.Theins
5、talledpartsofthefoundationsystemmaybefootings,matfoundations,slabfoundations,andcaissonsorpiles,allofwhichareusedtotransferloadfromasupersteuctureintotheearth.Theseparts,whichtransmitloadfromthesuperstructuretotheearth,arecalledthesubstructure.FootingFootingorspreadf
6、oundationsareusedtospreadtheloadsfromcolumnsorwallstotheunderlyingsoilorrock.Normally,footingsareconstructedofreinforedconcrete.However,undersomecircumstancestheymaybeconstructedofplainconcreteormasonary,wheneachfootingsupportsonlyonecolumn,itissquare.Footingssupport
7、ingtwocoumnsarecalledcombinedfootingsandmaybeeitherrectangularortrapezoidal.Cantileverfootingsareusedtobuildinglineorexteriorwall.Footingssupportsingwallsarecontinuousfootings.Thesizesoffootingsaredeterminedbydividingtheloadstobeimposedatthebaseofthefootingsbytheallo
8、wablebearingpressurewhichcanbeimposedonthesoilorrockoftheearth.Mostbuildingcodesandtextbooksonfoundationscontaintableslistingallowa
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