资源描述：
《统计基础-外文翻译》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、外文翻译原文名称：Fundamentals_of_StatisticsMeasuresofCentralTendencyandLocation:mean,median,mode,percentiles,quartilesanddeciles.xsortedx53535553705358556457575753586964576868695370TheMeasuresofCentralTendencyareMean,MedianandModeMean®x-baror®foragivenvariable,itisthesumofthevalues
2、dividedbythenumberofvalues(Sxi/n).Inthiscase,wehaven=11.Soweneedtoaddallofthevaluestogetheranddivideby11.S=657,=59.73Median®thenumberinadistributionofavariable’sresponsewhereonehalfofthevaluesareaboveandonehalfofthevaluesarebelow.Tofindthemedian,wefirstneedtoputourdatainasc
3、endingorder(smallesttolargest).Thenwecandeterminethemedian…ifthevalueofnisodd,itissimplythemiddleobservation,butifthevalueofniseven,itistheaverageofthetwomiddleobservations.Inthiscase,nisodd,sothemedianwillbethemiddleobservationofoursortedvalues(the6thvalue)...57Mode®theval
4、uethatoccursmostfrequently.Iftherearetwodifferentvaluesmostfrequentlyoccurring,thedataaresaidtobebi-modal.Iftherearemorethantwomodes,andthedistributionissaidtobemulti-modal.Inthiscase,thevaluethatoccursmostoftenis53.So,themodeis53.ThemeasuresoflocationarePercentile,Quartile
5、andDecilePercentile®thepthpercentileisavaluesuchthatatleastppercentoftheobservationsarelessthanorequaltothisvalueandatleast(100–p)percentoftheobservationsaregreaterthanorequaltothisvalue.Tocalculatepercentiles,weuseindices(i).i=(p/100)nforp1,p2,p3,…p99Iftheanswerisawholenum
6、ber(aninteger),theniistheaverageof(P/100)nand1+(P/100)n.Iftheindexnumberisnotawholenumber,weALWAYSroundup.Thepositionoftheindexisthenextwholenumber(integer)greaterthanthecomputedindex.Forexample:i(p50)=(50/100)11=5.5...thisroundsupto6So,wewouldcountfromthelowestvalueoftheso
7、rteddatatotheindexnumber(6).Sincethecalculatediwasnotawholenumberwehadtorounduptofindthevaluewhereatleast50%ofthevaluesareequaltoorlowerthanthisvalueandatleast50%areequaltoorhigherthanthisvalue.Inthiscase,thevalueofthe50thpercentileisthe6thvalue...57…Doesthislookfamiliar?®T
8、he50thpercentileisthesamethingasthemedian.Whatdoesittellus?Inthisdistribution,ATLE
