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ID:25549942
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页数:12页
时间:2018-11-21
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1、河北建筑工程学院毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系别:土木工程专业:土木工程班级:*********姓名:**********学号:**************外文出处:GEOLOGLCALANDGEOTECHNICALENGINEERING附件:1、外文原文;2、外文资料翻译译文。指导教师评语:签字:年月日注:请将该封面与附件装订成册。1、外文原文(复印件)FoundationAndFoundationEngineeringStrucuresorotherconstructedworksaresupportedontheear
2、thbyfoundation.Theword“foundation”maymeantheearthitself,somethingplacedinorontheearthtoprovidesupport,oracombinnationoftheearthandtheelementsplacedonit.Thefoundationforamultistoryofficebuildingcouldbeacombinationforanearth-filldamwouldbethenaturalsoilorrockonwhicht
3、hedamisplaced.Concretefootingsorwhichorinwhichtheyareplaced.Theinstalledelementsandthenaturalsoilorrockoftheearthformafoundationsystem;thesoilandrockprovidetheultimatesupportofthesystem.Foundationthatareinstalledmaybeeithersoil-bearingorrock–bearing.Thereactionsoft
4、hesoilorrocktotheimposedloadsgenerallydeterminedhowwellthefoundationsystemfunctions.Indesigningtheinstalledportions,thedesignermustdeterminethesafepressuewhichcanbeusedonthesoilorrockandtheamountoftotalsettlementanddifferentialsettlementwhichthestructurecanwithstan
5、d.Theinstalledpartsofthefoundationsystemmaybefootings,matfoundations,slabfoundations,andcaissonsorpiles,allofwhichareusedtotransferloadfromasupersteuctureintotheearth.Theseparts,whichtransmitloadfromthesuperstructuretotheearth,arecalledthesubstructure.FootingFootin
6、gorspreadfoundationsareusedtospreadtheloadsfromcolumnsorwallstotheunderlyingsoilorrock.Normally,footingsareconstructedofreinforedconcrete.However,undersomecircumstancestheymaybeconstructedofplainconcreteormasonary,wheneachfootingsupportsonlyonecolumn,itissquare.Foo
7、tingssupportingtwocoumnsarecalledcombinedfootingsandmaybeeitherrectangularortrapezoidal.Cantileverfootingsareusedtobuildinglineorexteriorwall.Footingssupportsingwallsarecontinuousfootings.Thesizesoffootingsaredeterminedbydividingtheloadstobeimposedatthebaseofthefoo
8、tingsbytheallowablebearingpressurewhichcanbeimposedonthesoilorrockoftheearth.Mostbuildingcodesandtextbooksonfoundationscontaintableslistingallowa
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