英语专业语法书答案lecture 4 noun and noun__ phrase

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1、Lecture4NounandNounPhraseAshasbeenpointedout,thenounphraseisaphrasewithanounasitshead.Itisthenounheadthatdeterminesthewaythenounphraseisorganized.4.1ClassificationofnounsNounscanbeclassifiedaccordingtowordformation,lexicalmeaningandgrammaticalform.I)Simple,compound

2、andderivativenounsAccordingtowordformation,nounscanbedividedintosimple,compoundandderivativenouns.Asimplenounisanounthatcontainsonlyonefreemorpheme(eg:man,chair,land,faith).Acompoundnounisanounthatiscomposedoftwoormoremorphemes(mostlyfreemorphemes)(eg:armchair,farm

3、land,seaside,roommate).Aderivativenounisanounthatcomesfromaverb,anadjectiveorasimplenounwithaffix(eg:arrangement,greatness,patriotism).2)ProperandcommonnounsAccordingtolexicalmeaning,nounsfallintotwomajorcategories:propernounsandcommonnouns.Apropernounisanameusedf

4、oraparticularperson,placeorthing,andspeltwithacapitalletter,(eg:Anderson,Britain,NewYorkTimes).Acommonnounisanouncommontoaclassofpeople,thingsorabstractideas.Commonnounscanbefurtherclassifiedintoindividual,co1lective,material,andabstractnouns(eg:boy,tiger,family,te

5、am,water,air,honesty,glory).3)CountandnoncountnounsAccordingtogrammaticalform,nounscanbedividedintotwoclasses:countnounsandnoncountnouns.Acountnoun(orcountablenoun)isanounthathasapluralandwhichcancollocatewithnumbersandwithsuchdeterminersasa(n),many,few,these,those

6、,several,etc(eg:acar,twocars,manycars,severalcars),.Anoncountnoun(oruncountablenoun)isanounthatcannotgowiththeabove-mentionedwords(eg:bread,furniture,merchandise).4.2Numberformsof:nounsNUMBERisagrammaticalcategorythatindicatesthechangeintheformofnounsandverbs,depe

7、ndingonwhetheroneormorethanoneistalkedabout.SomeEnglishnounshavesingularandpluralforms,andsomehavenot.1)NumberformsofindividualnounsIndividualnounsareallcountableandthereforehavesingularandpluralforms.Thesingularformofanindividualnoun,whichsharesthesameformastheba

8、seoftheword,cantakesuchdeterminersasa(n)andone(eg:a/onedesk,an/onearticle,.Thepluralformofanindividualnouncanberegularorirregular.Theregularplur