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1、技术研究19中国茶叶加工2015(2):19~23不同萎凋方式对山东乌龙茶品质及生化成分的影响朱磊1,2,李颖1,2,盖晓雅1,2,张丽霞1,2*(1.山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271000;2.泰安市茶叶工程技术研究中心,山东泰安271000)摘要:本实验采用山东引种金萱品种,分析比较了室内萎凋与室外日光萎凋对山东地区乌龙茶品质和生化成分的影响。结果表明,在空气湿度低的山东茶区,乌龙茶加工宜采用室内萎凋,日光萎凋因叶片水分散失快,较难控制而容易造成萎凋过度。对成茶感官审评也表明,室内萎凋的乌龙茶花
2、香持久,醇厚甘爽,品质明显优于日光萎凋的乌龙茶。而茶多酚含量却以日光萎凋15min最高,氨基酸、可溶性糖、黄酮含量均以日光萎凋30min最高,水浸出物、咖啡碱含量则无明显差异。对成茶进行GC-MS香气分析,显示室内萎凋的乌龙茶香气总量高于日光萎凋的,且随日光萎凋时间的延长,重要香气组分橙花叔醇的含量明显降低。关键词:乌龙茶;萎凋;品质;山东中图分类号:TS272.4文献标识码:A文章编号:2095-0306(2015)02-0019-05DOI:10.15905/j.cnki.33-1157/ts.2015.02
3、.004EffectofDifferentWitheringTreatmentsonQualityandChemicalComponentsofShandongOolongTea1,21,21,21,2*ZHULei,LIYing,GAIXiao-ya,ZHANGLi-xia(1.CollegeofHorticulturalScienceandEngineeringofShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an,271000,China;2.Tai’anTeaEngineering
4、andTechnologicalResearchCentre,Tai’an,271000,China)Abstract:TheeffectofdifferentwitheringtreatmentsonqualityandchemicalconstituentsofShandongoolongteawasinvestigatedbyusingJinxuanspeciesasfreshteamaterial.Theresultsshowedthattheappropriatewitheringmethodwasth
5、eindoor-witheringforoolongteainShandongprovincewithlowairmoisture,meanwhilemoisturecontentoftheleavesbysolar-witheringdecreasedsignificantlyandwasdifficulttocontrol.Bysensoryevaluation,wefoundthattheteabyindoor-witheringhadtypicalaromaandtastecharacteristicof
6、oolongtea,anditsqualitywasmuchbetterthanthatofteabysolar-withering.Chemicalanalysisindicatedthatcontentofteapolyphenolsinoolongtea,whichunderwentsolarwitheringfor15min,washigherthananyothertreatments.Thecontentofaminoacid,solublesugar,flavoneinoolongtea,which
7、wassolarwitheringfor30min,wasthehighest,butthecontentsofwaterextractandcaffeinerevealednosignificantdifferences.Themajorcontentofaromaconstituentsofoolongteawithindoor-witheringwashigherthansolar-withering.Meanwhile,thecontentofnerolidol,oneoftheimportantcomp
8、onentsinoolongtea,decreasedbysolarwitheringwithtimegoingby.Keywords:Oolongtea;Withering;Quality;Shandong乌龙茶为传统六大茶类之一,一直以其独特山东茶区属温带大陆性气候,全年平均气温的天然花果香饮誉全球。随着乌龙茶市场的不断较低,昼夜温差大,茶树生长发育过程中营养物质[1