湖南省益阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）.docx

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益阳市2023年高一下学期普通高中期末质量检测英语试题（时长:120分钟满分:150分）注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.What’sthewoman’sfavouriteinstrument?A.Piano.B.Violin.C.Guitar.2.Wheredidtheconversationtakeplace?A.InaKFCstore.B.Onthephone.C.Onthestreet.3.Whenwillthespeakersseethemovie?A.ThisThursday.B.NextMonday.C.ThisSaturday.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Apieceofnews.B.Afamoushotel.C.Awell-knownnewspaper.5.Howdoesthegirlfindherseniorhighschoollife?A.Enjoyable.B.Tiring.C.Boring.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatdoesPeterplantobuytomorrow?A.Jackets.B.Trousers.C.Awallet.7.WhydoesPeter’smotherwanttochangetheskirt?A.Itdoesn’tfither.B.Itisoutoffashion.C.Shedoesn’tlikethecolor.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hegetsastomachache.B.Hehasatoothache.C.Hegetsacold.9.Whatshouldthemandoaccordingtothewoman’swords?A.Eathealthily.B.Exerciseinthegym.C.Stayindoors.10.Whatisthewomanaccordingtotheconversation?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Astudent.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends.B.Acouple.C.Workmates.12.WhydoesDavidusuallycometoChina?A.Totakeatrip.B.Todobusiness.C.Tomeetfriends.13.WhatdoesMariarecommendtheBrazilianrestaurantfor?A.Goodservice.B.Niceenvironment.C.Deliciousfood.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Howdidthewomanthinkofheradventurevacation?A.Dangerous.B.Great.C.Terrible.15.Whatdidthewomandoduringthetrip?A.Diving.B.Rockclimbing.C.Bungeejumping. 16.Whatseaanimalsdidthewomanmeet?A.Awhale.B.Ashark.C.Adolphin.17.Whatwasthemostexcitingpartoftheadventuretriptothewoman?A.Divingwithdolphins.B.Exploringsomeoldcaves.C.Enjoyingsunshineonthebeach.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.HowoldisAlvinnow?A.12.B.14.C.16.19.WheredoesAlvin’smotherwork?A.Inaschool.B.Inacompany.C.Inastudio.20.WhatdoweknowaboutAlvin?A.HeprefersChinesemovies.B.Heistooshytotalktostrangers.C.Hewouldliketomakefriends.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAtrans-Canadatraintripisanadventurethatwillstaywithyouforaverylongtime.Herearesomemust-seeplacestovisitalongtheway:VancouverThere’sareasonwhyVancouverneverfailstoimpress.Itisreallystunning,withplentyofgreenopenspaces,mountainsandoceanviews.Plus,thiswestcoastcityalsohasadiverselivemusicandartscene,world-classmuseumsandplentyoflocallyownedcoffeehousesandcreativerestaurants.JasperJasperNationalParkistwicethesizeofBanffNationalPark,yetdrawsonlyaroundhalfthevisitors,whichmeansyou’llencounterfewercrowdsonthestunninghikingpathsthroughvalleys,mountainpassesandgrasslands.Keepaneyeoutforelk,bighornsheepandotherwildlocalresidents.QuébecCityConsideredthecrownjewelofFrenchCanada,QuebecCityisoneofNorthAmerica’soldestandmost remarkablesettlements.TheOldTownislikealivingmuseumofnarrowcobblestonestreets,17thand18thcenturyhousesandchurches.There’smorethanaglimmerofoldEuropeinitsclassicpubs,sidewalkcafesandtidysquare.MontrealMontrealiswhereallthefunhappens.Thecitylivesforthearts,withmorethan90festivalsthroughouttheyearandanimpressivecollectionofmuseums,galleriesandperformancespaces.Addinarchitecturethatwillmakeyouthinkyou’reinEuropeandoneofthemostdiversefoodscenesinNorthAmerica,andyouwillhavearecipeforagoodtime.1.Ifyouareinterestedinwildlife,whichplacewillattractyou?A.Vancouver.B.Jasper.C.QuébecCity.D.Montreal.2.WhatcanyoudoinQuébecCity?A.Visitamuseumofcobblestones.B.Attendvariousfestivals.C.EnjoyadrinkinaEuropean-stylepub.D.Walkacrossthevastgrassland.3.WhatdoVancouverandMontrealhaveincommon?A.Attractivemuseums.B.Largequantitiesofwildlife.C.Asmallcrowdofvisitors.D.Over90festivalseveryyear.BA25-year-oldyoungmanfromGuineabikedacrossAfrica,reachedCairoonSeptember5andreceivedafullscholarshiptoAl-AzharUniversity,oneoftheworld’soldestandmostrespectedSunniMuslimlearningcenters.MamadouSafaiouBarrylivesintheWestAfricannationofGuinea.HewantedtostudyIslamictheology(伊斯兰教神学)atatopschoolinCairo,Egypt.Withoutmoneytopayfortransport,BarrydrewamapofAfricaandheadedoutonausedbicycleforthetripacrossthecontinent,carryingonlyachangeofclothes,aflashlightandasmalltool.Barryrodeabout100kilometerseachday.HerodethroughMali,BurkinaFaso,Togo,BeninandNiger.HehadtostopinN’Djamena,theChadiancapital,becauseoftheongoingConflictinSudan.Hesaidhehadalreadybeendetainedthreetimes-twiceinBurkinaFasoandonceinTogo.There,securityforcesheldhimforninedayswithoutchargebeforereleasinghimfor$56.Thatwasallofhismoneyfortherestofthetrip,hesaid.ThousandsofWestAfricanslikeBarrytakeriskyjourneysacrosstheSaharadeserteachyear,searchingforabetterlife.Butmanynevermakeit.Nearly500peoplediedordisappearedonWestAfricanmigrationrouteslastyear,datafromtheInternationalOrganizationforMigrationshows. Barrythoughttheriskwasworthit.“Ifyouhaveadream,staywithitandbestrong.”hesaid,“Godwillhelpyou.”Barry’sluckchangedagaininChad.There,alocalphilanthropist(慈善家),whohadreadabouthistriponline,offeredtoflyhimdirectlytoEgyptandavoidthefightinginSudan.Afterfourmonthsandtravellingthrough7countries,heisinCaironowandhasreceivedafullscholarshiptoAl-Azhar.BarryintendstoreturntoGuineawhenhisstudiesarecomplete,tospreadthefaiththathastakenhimsofar.“WhenIreturntomycountry,IwouldliketobesomeonewhoteachesIslamandtellspeoplehowtodogoodthings,”hesaid.4.WhydidBarrystartthejourneyacrossAfrica?A.Tosearchforabetterlife.B.Toexploredifferentlandscapes.C.Toescapetheconflictinhishomecountry.D.TorealizehisdreamofstudyingIslamictheologyinCairo.5.WhatdoesParagraph4functionas?A.Backgroundinformation.B.Detaileddescription.C.Typicalexamples.D.Dataanalysis.6.WhichwordcanbestdescribeBarry?A.Skilled.B.Gifted.C.Humorous.D.Determined.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.IslamSpreadinginAfricaBAfricanPhilanthropistSupportingaYoungManC.GuineanStudentCyclingacrossAfricaforHisDreamD.AfricanYoungManSurvivingacrosstheSaharaDesertCAstudyhasfoundthatafifthofteenagersconsumeenergydrinksundertheimpressionthattheyaregoodforhealth.Thenewresearchquestionedalmost4,000highschoolstudentsabouttheenergydrinksandfoundthatboysweremuchmorelikelytodrinkthem.Australiarequirescompaniestolabeltheirdrinksas“notsuitableforchildren”,yetthefindingspublishedinajournalshowedmanyteensstillbelievedthedrinkswerebeneficial.Theenergydrinkmarketisexpectedtogrowtoa$72billionby2024andreach$108.4billionby2031. Separatemarketanalysisshowedteenswhodrinkenergydrinksweremorelikelytoshowanti-socialbehaviourincludingsmoking,alcoholconsumptionandotherthings.Energydrinkconsumptionwasalsofoundconnectedwithheadaches,stomachachesandespeciallyinsomnia,whichiscommonamongteensandmakesthemextremelysleepyandunabletoconcentrateontheirstudy.One16-year-oldgirlsaidshedidnotmakeahabitofdrinkingtheenergydrinks,butsometimesboughtoneafterschool.“Iknowthey’renotgreatforyou,butsometimesIgettotheendofaschooldayandIamjustverytired,”shesaid,“Yougetupataround7a.m.,sitthroughawholeschooldayandthengohome,onlytostudythroughto11p.m.—ifyoudon’thaveextra-curricularactivities.It’snotsomethingIrecommend,buttheytastegoodandsometimesIfeellikeI’dbenefitfromcaffeine.”Duetothefactthatteenagersincorrectlybelievedenergydrinkswerebeneficialfortheirhealth,theresearcherssuggesteditwasnecessarytoeducatestudentsonthehealthrisks.8.Whatdomanyteenagersthinkaboutenergydrinks?A.Harmful.B.Healthy.C.Expensive.D.Unnecessary.9.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Thepopularityofenergydrinks.B.Themarketvalueofenergydrinks.C.Thebadeffectsofenergydrinks.D.Theproductionofenergydrinks.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“insomnia”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Sleeplessness.B.Loneliness.C.Carelessness.D.Forgetfulness.11.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.The16-year-oldgirlisaddictedtoenergydrinks.B.Boysaremorelikelytodrinkenergydrinksthangirls.C.About4,000teenagersconsumeenergydrinkseveryday.D.Teenagerslackenougheducationabouttherisksofenergydrinks.DPetownerslovetheirdogsmorethantheircats.Althoughpreviousstudieshavealreadysuggestedthisfinding,scientistsfromtheUniversityofCopenhagenwantedtoresearchmoredeeplyintowhetherculturalfactorsaffectedtheresults.TheirfindingsarepublishedinthejournalFrontiersinVeterinaryScience.InthesurveyacrossDenmark,AustriaandtheUnitedKingdom,844dogowners,872catownersand401peoplewhoownedbothdogsandcatswereaskedquestionsabouttheirpets.Overall,theparticipantshadhigherattachmentscoresfordogsthanforcats.Ownersweremorelikelytoinsure(给……投保)theirdogsandpaid moretodogs’treatment.However,theresultsdiffereddramaticallyacrosscountries.Forexample,theUnitedKingdom’sresultswereinfavorofdogs,althoughonlyslightly.Australiahadaveryclearpreferencefordogs.EmotionalattachmenttodogswashighestinDenmark.TheDaneswerealsolesslikelytobuyinsurancefortheircats,comparedwiththeirdogs.“Whilepeoplecaremoreabouttheirdogsthantheircatsinthesecountries,thedegreeofdifferencevariedbetweencountries,”ProfessorPeterSandoeoftheUniversityofCopenhagen,thestudy’sfirstauthor,saidinapressrelease.“Itdoesn’tthereforeseemtobeauniversalphenomenon(现象)thatpeoplecaremuchlessabouttheircatsthantheirdogs.”Thedifferencebetweencountriesmaybeduetoculturaldifferencesandattitudestowardpets,thestudysuggested.Thismaybetheresultofthecountry’shistorywithruralanimalsandhowoftentheyinteractedwithpeople.Thesefactorsmayhaveinfluencedsocietalattitudestowardpetsinmoderntimes.“OurstudyonlylooksatthreecountriesinEurope,”professorClarePalmerofTexasA&MUniversity,aco-authorofthepaper,saidinthepressrelease.“Itraisesinterestingquestionsregardingwhatcomparativestudiesofothercountriesmightfind,”shewenton.“Perhapstherearecountrieswherethelevelofcareforandattachmenttocatsis,infact,higherthandogs?”12.What’sthewriter’smainpurposeofwritingparagraph1?A.Tostateawidelyacknowledgedfact.B.Toanalyzethecauseofaphenomenon.C.Tointroducethetopicofanewstudy.DTocomparetwodifferentstudies.13.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirstudy?A.Byaskingquestions.B.Bydoinganexperiment.C.Bycollectingdataonline.D.Bykeepingtrackofpetowners’dailylife.14.WhatcanweinferfromSandoe’swords?A.Notallthepeopleintheworldpreferdogstocats.B.Peopleinthethreesurveyedcountriespreferdogstocats.C.Thelevelsofcareforcatsarethesameasdogsintheworld.D.Peopleintheworldcarelessabouttheircatsthantheirdogs.15.What can we know from the passage? A.Petownerslovetheirdogsmorethantheircats.B.Culturemayinfluencepeople’spreferencetodogs.C.Petownersshouldcareabouttheircatsasmuchastheirdogs.D.PeopleholddifferentattitudestowardpetsinthreeEuropeancountries.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoprotecteyesandpreserveyourvisionWewatchoutsaltandfatintaketoprotectourhearts.Weexerciseandtakecalciumtoprotectourbones.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes?____16____Takeabreakfromscreens.TheAAO(美国眼科协会)saysthere’snoscientificevidencethatthelightfromelectronicscreensdamageseyes.____17____Onereasonforeyetirednessduringscreenuseisthatpeopletendtoblinklesswhenstaringatcomputerscreens.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthrecommendstakingabreakevery20minutestolookatsomethingabout20feetawayfor20seconds.____18____.ResearchshowsthatfoodsrichinvitaminC,vitaminE,zinc,lutein(叶黄素),zeaxanthinandomega-3fattyacidsarelinkedtolowerriskforage-relatedeyediseasesandmaybeevendryeye.Therefore,foodslikefish,strawberries,tomatoes,peanuts,pumpkin,beefandoystersarestronglyrecommended.Stopthosebadhabits.First,giveupsmoking.Smokingisn’tjustbadforyourlungs;itcanharmeyestoo.Itcausesdryeyes,makesthyroideyediseaseworseandcanharmtheopticnerve.____19____Themoreyourub,themoreitchyyoureyeswillget.Andrubbingcanalsoleadtoinfections.Repairtheair.Indoorheatingandairconditioningcandryouttheairandtheeyes.Outdoorcoldandwindcanbedrying,too,whilepollutionandallergenscancausediscomfort.“Inadditiontousingsomeeyedrops,itisimportanttopurifytheairandmakeitlessdry.”saysDr.Akpek.Finally,don’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckup.____20____A.Eatforyoureyes.B.Also,trynottorubyoureyes.C.Choosefoodbeneficialtoyourhealth.D.Wearesupposedtoprotectoureyesfromthescreenlight.E.Butstaringatascreencanleaveeyestiredandmayevenblurvision.F.Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearly.G.Expertstellussomestepspeopleshouldtaketoprotecttheirvisionandeyehealth. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TinyNewneighborsOnedayin2022,72-year-oldDonPowellwaspulling____21____fromhisoutdoormailboxasusualwhenhenoticedsomething____22____:Atinydollcoupleweresittingonaloveseatinsidethemailbox.Therewasalsoastickynotereading“MaryandShelleydecidedtolivehere.”Don___23___thoughtsomebodymusthaveleftthewoodendollsinsidehismailbox___24___andwouldgetthembacksoon.Themailboxlooksnice,which____25____26incheslong,15incheswideand10incheshigh,withwindowsonthetopandsidestoletthe___26___in.“It’snowonderthedollswanttomoveintoit,”Donsaidhumorously.Butafewdayslater,thesmallcoupledidnot____27____.Instead,theyacquiredatableandapillow.Morethanthat,overthenextseveralmonths.additionalitemsmysteriously___28___:abed,apaintingandawood-burningstove.AndatChristmastime,asmalldecorated____29____wasleftwithtinypresents.Now,MaryandShelleyarestilllivinginthe____30____,bringingalittlecommunityhumortotheneighborswhohavefollowedDon’s____31____onOrchardLakeVillage’sNextdoorpage.“SomepeoplethoughtIhad____32____thedollsmyself,butallIdidwasprovideamailbox.Somebodyelsedecidedtomakeita____33____forMaryandShelley,”DonwroteonNextdoor.Donsayshenowdoesn’twanttoknowwhois____34____forthemailboxmysteryandhe’sjusthopingitwill___35___.21.A.emailsB.envelopesC.foodD.dolls22.A.unusualB.horribleC.meaningfulD.normal23.A.finallyB.fortunatelyC.honestlyD.originally24.A.inadvanceB.witheffortC.bymistakeD.bydesign25.A.measuresB.equalsC.buildsD.fits26.A.windB.sandC.lightD.rain27.A.meltB.upgradeC.disappearD.respond28.A.showedoffB.showedthroughC.showedaroundD.showedup29.A.treeB.basketC.bookD.flower30.A.mailboxB.villageC.houseD.neighborhood31.A.stylesB.updatesC.adviceD.targets 32.A.created.B.hungC.placedD.deserted33.A.buildingB.nestC.settlementD.home34.A.chargedB.responsibleC.fitD.eager35.A.endB.repeatC.continueD.suffer第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Doyourememberatimewhenyouhadnoworriesstoppingyoufromgettingagoodnight’srest?___36___(fortunate),yourhappychildhoodisprobablyathingofthepast.Arecentsurvey____37____(find)thatmanypeoplesufferfromsleepproblems.Someareunabletofallasleep,somewakeupinthemiddleofthenight,and____38____simplydonotgetenoughsleep.Oneofthereasonswhypeoplefailtogetagoodnight’ssleep____39____(be)pressurefromschoolorwork.Noisepollutionandlightpollutioninbigcitiesmayalsocontributetosleepproblems.Intheshortterm,those____40____havesleepproblemsoftenfeeltiredandhavetrouble____41____(concentrate).Inthelongterm,theymaybeatincreasedriskofhavingapoormemory,beingoverweightand____42____heartattack.Sleepproblemsareespeciallydangerousforteenagers.Theyarestillgrowing,andnightisthetime___43___theirbodiesgrowfaster.Teenagerswhodonotsleepwellmayexperiencesituationswherebody____44____(develop)slowsdown,andtheirhealthsuffers.So,ifyouhavesleepproblems,itistime_____45_____(make)somechangesinyourlifestyle.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的笔友Rebecca在来信中表示自从她进入高中以来一直在为自己的体重和脸上长出的痘痘烦恼不已，老是担心别人在背后嘲笑她。请你给她写一封E-mail，要点如下：1.表示理解和安慰；2.提出建议；3.表达希望注意：1.词数80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearRebecca, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Lihua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。HannahandIhavebeenbestfriendssinceprimaryschoolandwespendalmosteverydaywitheachother.Sometimes,otherchildrensaywearenofunbecausewearebothveryacademicandliketostudy,butwelikeitthatway.Welearnfromeachother,inspireeachotherandbothgetgoodgradesatschool.LastMonday,ourmathteacherMissSmithgaveusasurprisemathquiz.SomeofmyclassmatesfeltworriedandnervousbutHannaandIwereconfidentandgaveeachotheranencouragingsmilebeforewegotdowntodoingthequiz.Afterthequizwhileotherswerecomplainingaboutthe“surprise”andexpressingtheirconcernabouttheresult,Ilaughedloudly,“It’ssoeasy!I’msuretogetagoodgrade!”Ironically(具有讽刺意味的),onTuesdayafternoon,MissSmithtoldmeafterclassthatIhadthelowestgradeintheclass.Icouldn’tbelievemyears.Whatashame!HowcouldIbesostupidtofailsuchasimplemathquiz!Afterwards,Itriedmybesttohidemyupsetandpretendedtobecheerful,butHannahsensedsomethingwaswrong.Whenwewenttowashourhandsinthegirls’washroom,shelookedintomyeyesandasked,“Whathappened,Sarah?”Withtearswellingup,IadmittedhowbadlyIhadone.“Hannah,pleasedon’ttellanyoneelse,”Ibeggedinachokedvoice.Shehuggedme,sayingshewouldkeepmysecret.However,thenextdaymorning,Inoticedthatsomeclassmateswerestaringatmestrangelyandotherswhisperingandchuckling(暗笑)asIcameintotheclassroom.WhenIwenttositdown,Iwasshockedtofindapieceofpaperonmydeskthatsaid,“StupidSarahgotaD!”Aflushofshameandangeroverwhelmingme,Ifeltmyfacewasburning.IthoughtthatHannahmusthavetoldmyclassmatesaboutmygradeafterpromisingnotto.Everyonemusthavebeenlaughingbehindmyback!注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。IwassoangrythatIwentstraighttoHannah. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Asitwastimeformathclass,Iwalkedbacktotheclassroomslowly.