四川省内江市威远中学校2022-2023学年高三下学期第一次月考英语Word版含解析

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四川省威远中学校2023届第六学期第一阶段试题英语试卷注意事项:1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分;2.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置;3.全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Writeanadvertisement.B.Sellsomeproducts.C.Putupaposter.2.WhatdoesDavidthinkoftheconcert?A.Excellent.B.Average.C.Boring.3.WhatisMr.Smithprobably?A.Ateacher.B.Anactor.C.Adentist.4.WhydoesthewomancometomeetMike?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Tohelpunpackthebaggage.C.Tolookathisnewapartment.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirtravelplans.B.Dr.Jill’sexperienceinthewoods.C.AninstructiontoAlaskanwilderness.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独自。每段对话或独自后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独自读两遍。

1听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatiswrongwiththeman’sjobinterview?A.Hemistookthedate.B.Helosthisdocuments.C.Hearrivedtoolateforit.7.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Embarrassed.B.Disappointed.C.Delighted.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.InLosAngeles.B.InChicago.C.InNewYork.9.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Watchagame.B.Touraroundthecity.C.Taketheluggageoutofthecar.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whywillthepartybecanceled?A.Theguestsarebusy.B.Theweatherisbad.C.Somethingunexpectedhappens.11.Whocouldprobablyattendtheparty?A.DaveandMary.B.RoyandJulia.C.TomandJanet.12.Whatarethespeakerslikelytodonext?A.Buysomedrinks.B.Bakesomebiscuits.C.Visittheirneighbors.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whattimeisitnow?A.12:30pm.B.1:00pm.C.1:30pm.14Whatdoesthemanorderatfirst?A.Chocolatecake.B.Blacktea.C.Whitecoffee.15.WherecanthemanfindtheWi-Fipassword?A.Fromasign.B.Fromthemenu.C.Fromthewoman.16.Whatisthemanwriting?A.Anovel.B.Anewsreport.C.Auniversityessay.

2听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.HowmanyprojectswillbecarriedoutinIndia?A.Two.B.Three.C.Six.18.Whatwillthefirstprojectbeabout?A.Plantingtrees.B.Tidyingbeaches.C.Clearingbackwaters.19.WhenwillthelistenerscomebackfromIndia?A.OnFebruary24th.B.OnFebruary3rd.C.OnJanuary20th.20.Wherewillthelastprojectbe?A.InMumbai.B.InGoa.C.InKerala.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。ASleepbehindancientstonewalls,wakeupinanelegantfour-posterbedandexploreaprivateestate.Wecanintroduceyoutothebestcastlestorent.Fromfive-starluxurytobudget-friendlyrusticexperiences,eachonehasitsownfascinatinghistory.●SchlosshotelKlinkGermany€96perroom,pernight(roomonly)HotelSchlossKlinkstandsdirectlybesideLakeMüritz,a5-minutewalkfromtheboatharbor.Builtin1898,manyoftheelegantroomsfeaturewoodenbeamsandslopingceilings.Therearefiveon-siterestaurants,alargespaandanindoorpoolwithlakeviews.●CastellodiBibbioneItaly€99perroom,pernight(roomonly)CastellodiBibbioneissetbetweenFlorenceandSienawithviewsoftheChiantihills.Therusticapartmentsfeaturewood-beamedceilingsandterracottafloors,andeachcomeswithafully-equippedkitchenettewithadiningarea.Inthesummer,youcanrelaxintheoutdoorswimmingpoolorgarden.Winetastingscanbearranged,andbikesareprovidedfree-of-charge.●AugillCastleEngland

3￡180perroom,pernight(bed&breakfast)FreecancellationsAugillCastleislocatedintheupperreachesoftheEdenValleyandisamere10minutes’driveawayfromthebeautifullypicturesqueYorkshireDales.Thisisverymuchafamilyretreatand,assuch,thecastleownerscanofferaninformalandrelaxedcastleexperience,creatingmemoriesthatadultsandchildrenalikewillneverforget.●HighlandsCastleUSA$600perroom,pernight(roomonly)HighlandsCastleislocatedinBoltonLandinginupstateNewYork,offeringviewsofLakeGeorgeandtheAdirondackMountains.Accommodationincludesaseatingareaand,insomecases,adiningarea,terraceandkitchen.Guestscanenjoyswimming,boating,kayaking,hiking,golf,tennis,horse-ridinganddiving.Teenscouldn’tcontacttheauthorofthisstory.TheauthorcancontactTeensifnecessary.1.WhatisspecialaboutCastellodiBibbione?A.Visitorscantastewinethere.B.ItisneartheYorkshireDales.C.Visitorscanridehorsesforfree.D.ItissurroundedbytheAdirondackMountains.2.IfMaryandherfamilywanttohaveacomfortablecastleexperience,she’dbetterrent________.A.SchlosshotelKlinkB.CastellodiBibbioneC.AugillCastleD.HighlandsCastle3.WhatdoSchlosshotelKlinkandHighlandsCastlehaveincommon?A.Bothhaveindoorpools.B.Bothofferlakeviews.C.BotharelocatedinNewYork.D.Bothwerebuiltinthe19thcentury.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了可以租赁的五个城堡的情况，包括地点、价格和特色等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据●CastellodiBibbione部分中“Winetastingscanbearranged,andbikesareprovidedfree-of-charge.(可以安排品酒会，免费提供自行车)”可知，Castellodibibione的特别之处是游客可以在那里品尝葡萄酒。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据●AugillCastle部分中“Thisisverymuchafamilyretreatand,assuch,thecastleowners

4canofferaninformalandrelaxedcastleexperience,creatingmemoriesthatadultsandchildrenalikewillneverforget.(这是一个非常适合家庭居住的地方，因此，城堡的主人可以提供一个非正式和轻松的城堡体验，创造成人和儿童都永远不会忘记的记忆)”可知，如果玛丽和她的家人想要有一个舒适的城堡体验，她最好租Augill城堡。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据●SchlosshotelKlink部分中“Therearefiveon-siterestaurants,alargespaandanindoorpoolwithlakeviews.(有五个现场餐厅，一个大型水疗中心和一个室内游泳池与湖景)”以及●HighlandsCastle部分中“HighlandsCastleislocatedinBoltonLandinginupstateNewYork,offeringviewsofLakeGeorgeandtheAdirondackMountains.(高地城堡位于博尔顿登陆在纽约州北部，提供乔治湖和阿迪朗达克山的景观)”可知，SchlosshotelKlink和HighlandsCastle的共同之处是两者都提供湖景。故选B。BOnesunnymorning,mywifeandIpiledthekidsintothecarwithahopethatmymemorywasreliable.Wewentoutlookingformytrees.About25yearsago,IstartedworkingasatreeplanterinNorthernOntario.Iwouldhaveplantedseveralthousandaday,everyday,forweeksandweeks.Iworkedeverysummerforsixyears,whichaddeduptoover500,000trees.Whilewewereplanting,wetalkedaboutwhatourtreeswouldbelikewhentheygrewtaller.Thesmalltreeswerenolongerthanmythumb.Itseemedunlikelythatourtreeswouldlastmorethanadayortwo.Eventually,Istoppedthecarandstaredattheclearblueskyandtreetopssoftlywaving.Iwalkedtowardthem.Theyweresotallandsolid,muchbiggerthanIthoughttheywouldbe.Thereweresomanyofthem,wavingsoundlesslyinthewindliketheywerewelcomingme.Rowuponrowoffullygrown,healthypinesleftmespeechless.Theyspokeofthattimeofmylife,in1995,whenIwasstrongandyounginmymid-20s.Iwalkedamongthem,listeningtothesoundofthewindintheirhighbranches.Humbledandmoved,Ineverhadsuchastrongsenseofmyimpactontheworld.Ifeltaquietpresenceandathomeamongmytrees,asiftheyhadbeenwaitingforme.Whatwasunclearandunlikelyhadgrownspecificandveryreal.WhatIhadheldinmyhandshadgrownintoatoweringforestsurroundingme.Mykidsrantojoinme.“Youplantedallthese?”askedmy10-year-oldson,Forest.“Iplantedmorethanthiseveryday.Andthisiswhereyournamecomesfrom,”Itoldhim.Together,withmy6-year-oldsonRiver,wewalkeddeeperintothewoodsandspottedaclearing.We

5emergedsuddenlyintotheopenspaceandIfeltevenmoreathomethanintheforestI’dplanted.Itwasmorefamiliar,thisopenspacewhereIhadoncespentthousandsandthousandsofhours.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorwhenhewasinhismid-20s?A.HevolunteeredtoplanttreesinNorthernOntario.B.Heplantedseveralthousandtreeseverydayforsixyears.C.Mostofthetreesheplanteddidn’tsurviveaweek.D.Heplantedover500,000treeswithinsixyears.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelatthesightofthetreeshehadplanted?A.Fulfilled.B.Worried.C.Confused.D.Disappointed.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clearing”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.afallentreeB.anemptyplaceC.acuttingtoolD.acleancottage7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Memoryofplantingtrees.B.Plantingtreeswithfamilies.C.Areunionwithmytrees.D.Makingforagreenerfuture【答案】4D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带着自己的家人回到了多年前他曾经种树的地方，看到茁壮的大树，作者心中颇有感慨。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Iworkedeverysummerforsixyears,whichaddeduptoover500,000trees.(6年来，我每年夏天都在工作，总共种植了50多万棵树。)”可知，作者在六年多的时间里种了50多万棵树。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Iwalkedamongthem,listeningtothesoundofthewindintheirhighbranches.Humbledandmoved,Ineverhadsuchastrongsenseofmyimpactontheworld.(我走在它们中间，倾听风在它们的高枝上吹过的声音。受宠若惊，感动万分，我从未如此强烈地意识到自己对世界的影响。)”以及第六段“WhatIhadheldinmyhandshadgrownintoatoweringforestsurroundingme.(我手里握着的东西已经长成了高耸的森林，包围着我。)”可推断，作者看到自己曾经种下的小树变得如此茁壮，心中有一种自豪感、满足感。故选A。【6题详解】

6词句猜测题。根据划线词后句“Weemergedsuddenlyintotheopenspace(我们突然出现在开阔的空间里)”可知，作者和儿发现了一块空地。所以clearing为“空地”之意。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Onesunnymorning,mywifeandIpiledthekidsintothecarwithahopethatmymemorywasreliable.Wewentoutlookingformytrees.(一个阳光明媚的早晨，我和妻子把孩子们塞进车里，希望我的记忆力是可靠的。我们出去找我的树了。)”及全文可知，作者出发找寻自己曾经种的树。而文章主要讲述的就是作者找到曾经种的树，感觉很满足也感到有家的温暖。所以文章讲述了作者和自己所种的树团圆的感受，“Areunionwithmytrees.(与我的树团圆。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。CTherapidpaceofglobalwarminganditseffectsonhabitatsraisethequestionofwhetherspeciesareabletokeepupsothattheyremaininsuitablelivingconditions.Someanimalscanmovefasttoadjusttoaquicklychangingclimate.Plants,beinglessmobile,relyonmeanssuchasseeddispersal(传播)byanimals,windorwatertomovetonewareas,butthisredistributiontypicallyoccurswithinonekilometeroftheoriginalplant.WritinginNature,JuanP.González-Varoshedslightonthepotentialcapacityofmigratory(迁徙的)birdstoaidseeddispersal.González-Varoandcolleaguesreporthowplantsmightbeabletokeeppacewithrapidclimatechangethroughthehelpofmigratingbirds.Theyanalyzedanimpressivedatasetof949differentseed-dispersalinteractionsbetweenbirdandplantcommunities,togetherwithdataonentirefruitingtimesandmigratorypatternsofbirdsacrossEurope.Theauthorsassumedthatthedirectionofseedmigrationdependsonhowtheplantsinteractwithmigratorybirds,thefrequencyoftheseinteractionsorthenumberofbirdspeciesthatmighttransportseedsfromeachplantspecies.Perhapsthemoststrikingfeatureoftheseinferredseedmovementsistheobservationthat35percentofplantspeciesacrossEuropeancommunitieswhicharecloselyrelatedonthephylogenetictree(进化树谱),mightbenefitfromlong-distancedispersalbythenorthwardjourneyofmigratorybirds.Thisparticularsubset(小组)ofplantstendstofruitoveralongperiodoftime,orhasfruitsthatpersistoverthewinter.Thismeansthattheabilityofplantstokeepupwithclimatechangecouldbeshapedbytheirevolutionaryhistory–implyingthatfutureplantcommunitiesintheNorthernHemispherewillprobablycomefromplantspeciesthatarephylogeneticallycloselyrelatedandthathavemigratedfromthesouth.Thisstudyprovidesagreatexampleofhowmigratorybirdsmightassistplantredistributiontonewlocationsthatwouldnormallybedifficultforthemtoreachontheirown,andwhichmightofferasuitableclimate.

78.HowcouldplantskeeppacewiththerapidclimatechangeaccordingtoGonzález-Varo?A.Withthehelpofwindandwater.B.Withthehelpofmigratorybirds.C.Byadjustingthemselvestotheclimate.D.Byrelyingonanimalsonland.9.HowdidGonzález-Varoandhiscolleaguesconducttheresearch?A.Byanalyzingrelateddata.B.Byconductingfieldresearch.C.Byinterviewingexperts.D.Byreviewingfindingsofpreviousstudies.10.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Mostplantspeciesbenefitfromlong-distancedispersal.B.Theevolutionaryhistoryofdifferentplantsissimilar.C.Plantswithlongerfruitingtimesadaptbetterwhentransportedfarther.D.Plantcommunitiesindifferenthemisphereswillbecomelessrelatedphylogenetically.11.Whatcouldbethemainideaforthetext?A.Impactsofclimatechangeonmigratorybirds.B.Differentwaystoredistributeplantstonewclimates.C.Plantsstruggletokeeppacewithclimatechange.D.Migratorybirdsaidtheredistributionofplantstonewclimates.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“González-Varoandcolleaguesreporthowplantsmightbeabletokeeppacewithrapidclimatechangethroughthehelpofmigratingbirds.(González-Varo和同事们报道了植物是如何在候鸟的帮助下跟上快速气候变化的步伐的)”可知，González-Varo的研究表明，植物是通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theyanalyzedanimpressivedatasetof949differentseed-dispersalinteractionsbetweenbirdandplantcommunities,togetherwithdataonentirefruitingtimesandmigratorypatternsofbirds

8acrossEurope.(他们分析了一组令人印象深刻的数据，包括鸟类和植物群落之间949种不同的种子传播相互作用，以及整个结果时间和整个欧洲鸟类迁徙模式的数据)”可知，González-Varo和他的同事是通过分析相关数据来进行研究的。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Perhapsthemoststrikingfeatureoftheseinferredseedmovementsistheobservationthat35percentofplantspeciesacrossEuropeancommunities,whicharecloselyrelatedonthephylogenetictree(进化树谱),mightbenefitfromlong-distancedispersalbythenorthwardjourneyofmigratorybirds.Thisparticularsubset(小组)ofplantstendstofruitoveralongperiodoftime,orhasfruitsthatpersistoverthewinter.(也许这些推测的种子运动最显著的特征是观察到欧洲群落中35%的植物物种，这些物种在系统发育树上密切相关，可能受益于候鸟向北迁徙的长途传播。这种特殊的植物子集往往会在很长一段时间内结果，或者在冬天持续结果)”可知，结果期较长的植物在长途传播时适应得更好。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“González-Varoandcolleaguesreporthowplantsmightbeabletokeeppacewithrapidclimatechangethroughthehelpofmigratingbirds.(González-Varo和同事们报道了植物是如何在候鸟的帮助下跟上快速气候变化的步伐的)”可知，文章主要讲述植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化。故选D。DIfyouweretoratethemostwalkablecitiesintheworld,whatwouldyoulookfor?Woulditbehowshadedthesidewalksare?Howmanybenchestherearealongthewaytoyourdestination?Ormaybehowcloseyouaretoshopsorlocalattractions?Well,theresearchersattheInstituteforTransportationandDevelopmentPolicy(ITDP),locatedinNewYork.US,wantedtoknowwhichoftheworld’scitieswerethebestforpedestrians(行人).So,theydidjustthat.Todeterminewhichcitieswerethemostwalkable,theyratedcitiesbasedonfactorssuchashowclosecitizensweretocar-freeareaslikepublicparks,howclosecitizenslivedinrelationtoschoolsandhospitals,andhowshorttheirjourneyswereoverall.Accordingtothestudy,theyfoundthatthemostwalkablecitiesintheworldareLondon,Paris,BogotaandHongKong.Overall,Londonwasatthetopofthelist,outranking(超过)nearly1,000citiesaroundtheworldonthesekeyfactors.“Inordertoprovidesafetyandinvitingwalkingconditionsforallcityresidents,itisessentialtoshiftthebalanceofspaceinourcitiesawayfromcars,providingmoretraveloptionsforpeople,”CEOofITDPHeatherThompsontoldthemagazineCitiesToday.Shecontinued,“Wehavesomuchtogain-fromcleanerairtobetter

9healthtostrongerlocaleconomiesanddeeperbondswithincommunities,andweallneedthatnowmorethanever.”Unfortunately,itseemsthatveryfewcitiesmakepedestriansapriority,though.“Ourcitystreetsacrosstheplanetarealreadyfullofcars.Ifyoureallywanttoseetheworstforwalkability,itisthereallysprawling(杂乱无序伸展的)citiesoftheUS,”commentedTaylorReich,aresearchassociateatITDPandtheprimaryauthoroftheguidetomakingcitiesmorewalkable.So,whatcancitiesdotomaketheirstreetsfriendlierforpedestrians?“There’snoonesecretsauce;there’snoonethingyoucandotomakeacitywalkable,”Reichsaid.“It’smanydecisionsthataremadeatalllevelsfromindividualstreetsallthewayuptothecitydesign.”12.What’sthepurposeofthestudy?A.Tocalloncitiestomakestreetsmorewalkable.B.Tofindoutthemostwalkablecitiesaroundtheworld.C.Toinvestigatepedestrians’satisfactionwithcitylife.D.Toexplorefactorsimpactingthewalkabilityofcities.13.Onwhatbasisdoresearchersmeasureacity’swalkability?A.Theamountofgreenspaceonsidewalks.B.Trafficandroadconditionsforpedestrians.C.Thenumberofpublicservicesforpedestrians.D.Accessibilityofcertaindestinationstopedestrians.14.WhatdoesHeatherThompsonsuggesttoimprovewalkingconditions?A.Increasingtravelchoices.B.Developinglocaleconomies.C.Limitingthenumberofcars.D.Connectinglocalcommunities.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Carsaremajorcontributorstoreducedwalkability.B.UScitiesaredesignedtogiveprioritytopedestrians.C.Itiseveryone’sresponsibilitytomakeacitywalkable.D.Bothsmallandlargescalemeasuresarerequiredtoimprovewalkability.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是研究表明最适合步行的城市是伦敦、巴黎、波哥大和香港，然而，很少有城市会优先考虑行人。

10【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Well,theresearchersattheInstituteforTransportationandDevelopmentPolicy(ITDP),locatedinNewYork.US,wantedtoknowwhichoftheworld’scitieswerethebestforpedestrians.(位于纽约的交通与发展政策研究所的研究人员说。美国，想知道世界上哪些城市最适合行人)”可知，这项研究的目的是找出世界上最适合步行的城市。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Todeterminewhichcitieswerethemostwalkable,theyratedcitiesbasedonfactorssuchashowclosecitizensweretocar-freeareaslikepublicparks,howclosecitizenslivedinrelationtoschoolsandhospitals,andhowshorttheirjourneyswereoverall.(为了确定哪些城市最适合步行，他们根据一些因素对城市进行了排名，比如市民离公园等无车区有多近，居民住的地方离学校和医院有多近，以及他们的总体路程有多短)”可知，研究人员依据行人可到达某些目的地来衡量一个城市的可步行性。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的“Inordertoprovidesafetyandinvitingwalkingconditionsforallcityresidents,itisessentialtoshiftthebalanceofspaceinourcitiesawayfromcars,providingmoretraveloptionsforpeople(为了为所有城市居民提供安全和吸引人的步行条件，至关重要的是改变我们城市空间的平衡，远离汽车，为人们提供更多的旅行选择)”可知，希瑟·汤普森建议增加旅游的选择来改善步行条件。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“It’smanydecisionsthataremadeatalllevelsfromindividualstreetsallthewayuptothecitydesign(从单个街道到城市设计，各个层面都要做出很多决定)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是需要采取小规模和大规模的措施来提高可步行性。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。Itisnecessaryforustoimproveourproblem-solvingabilities.Ifyoudon'tproperlyunderstandtheproblem,yoursolutionsmaybeineffectiveorfailentirely.___16___Forexample,isthereoneproblemoractuallyseveral?Canyourestatetheprobleminyourownwords?Byspendingtimewiththeproblemyouwillbetterunderstanditandbeequippedtogenerate（产生）solutions.___17___Collectdata,askpeopleorexpertsconnectedtotheproblem,lookforresourcesonline,inprint,orelsewhere.Onceyouhavedata,organizeit.Trytodothisbyrewordingorsummarizingit.Perhapsyoucouldevenmapitoutinachart.Youmaynotneedtobotherwiththisstepforsimpleproblems,butitwillbeessentialforthoseofamorecomplexone.

11Thefirststepinfindingasolutionistolookatdatathatyouhavegatheredabouttheproblemandtoanalyzeitsimportance.___18___Startwiththerawdata.Sometimes,informationwillneedtobebrokenintosmaller,moremanageablepartsortoberankedforitsimportance.___19___.Youmightdothisonalimited,trialscaleatfirsttotesttheresults.Or,youmightgoallin.Keepinmindthatunpredictableproblemswhichyoudidnotplancanariseatthisstage.Keepinmindthatproblem-solvingworksinacycle.Itwillgenerateanumberofdifferentsolutionsthateachshouldnotbeignored.___20___Ifnot,thenyoumustlookforanothersolutionandstarttheprocessoveragain.Somakesmallchangesifnecessary.A.Ifyoufixtheproblem,youhavefoundasuitablesolution.B.Onceyouhavechosenthebestsolution,putitintopractice.C.Youshouldfocusontheproblemandyourproblem-solvingprocess.D.Gatherasmanyactsasyoucanabouttheproblemtogetaclearpictureofit.E.Ahobbyisanotherwaythatyoucancontinuetoimproveyourproblemsolvingskills.F.Todefinetheproblemclearly,youwillhavetoaskquestionsandlookatdifferentangles.G.Whenanalyzing,youwilllookforlinksandrelationshipsforbetterunderstandingtheoverallsituation.【答案】16.F17.D18.G19.B20.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。作者针对如何提高解决问题的能力，给出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据空后“Forexample,isthereoneproblemoractuallyseveral?Canyourestatetheprobleminyourownwords?Byspendingtimewiththeproblemyouwillbetterunderstanditandbeequippedtogenerate（产生）solutions.”（例如，有一个问题还是几个?你能用自己的话重述一下这个问题吗?花些时间你会更好地理解问题,产生解决方案。），举例提出了一些问题，先清楚的确定问题，必须要问些问题，并且从不同的角度看问题，选F。【17题详解】根据空后“Collectdata,askpeopleorexpertsconnectedtotheproblem,lookforresourcesonline,inprint,orelsewhere.Onceyouhavedata,organizeit.”（收集数据，询问与这个问题有关的人或专家，在网上、印刷品或其他地方寻找资源。一旦你有了数据，组织它。），collect和gather是同义词，可知，这里提到了收集数据的问题，故选D。【18题详解】根据空前“Thefirststepinfindingasolutionistolookatdatathatyouhavegatheredabouttheproblemandto

12analyzeitsimportance.”（找到解决方案的第一步是查看您收集的有关问题的数据，并分析其重要性。）analyze和选项中analyzing一致，这里提到了分析，所以选G。【19题详解】根据空后“Youmightdothisonalimited,trialscaleatfirsttotesttheresults.Or,youmightgoallin.Keepinmindthatunpredictableproblemswhichyoudidnotplancanariseatthisstage.”（你可以先在有限的试验范围内这样做，以测试结果。或者，你可以全力以赴。请记住，不可预测的问题，你没有计划会出现在这个阶段。）可知，这里给出了一些可以具体操作的事情，因此一旦你选择了最佳解决方案，一定要付诸实践，选B。【20题详解】根据空后“Ifnot,thenyoumustlookforanothersolutionandstarttheprocessoveragain.Somakesmallchangesifnecessary.”（如果没有，那么您必须寻找其他解决方案，并重新开始这一过程。所以，如果有必要的话，做些小的改变。），ifnot提示前面是if表示假设：如果你解决了这个问题，你已经找到了一个合适的解决方案，选A。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分;满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。RubyKate,11likestospendtimewithresidentsatthelocalnursinghomeswherehermotherAmadaworksasanurse.Onedaylastsummer,Ruby___21___thataresidentnamedPearlwasstaringoutofthewindowandlookingvery___22___.RubyandAmandalearntthatPearl’sdoghadjustleft.Shecouldn't___23___tohavesomeonetakecareofherdoganditwasbasicallyhomeless.Afteralittlemore___24___,AmandaandherdaughterfoundoutthatPearlonlygets$40eachmonthfromherMedicaidcheck.Manyoftheotherresidentsreceivedjustaslittle—if___25___—spendingmoneyatall.Pearl’sstory____26____Ruby.Shewantedtodosomethingto____27____herandtheotherresidents.Soshegotouta____28____andwrotedownasimplequestion:“Whatarethreethingsyouwishyouhad?”Amandawas____29____ofRuby’sbroadquestion.Shedidn'tthinkherdaughterwould____30____withanythinghelpful.“Inmyadultmind,thatquestionisnotgoingto____31____”saidAmanda.“They'regoingtotellyouthattheywantthingsyoucan'tgivethem.”Shewentdoortodooratthenursinghome,_____32_____residentstolisttheirthreewishes.WhenAmandasawwhatherdaughterwroteinhernotebook,shewas_____33_____thatthelistwasfilledwithjust____34____requestslikenewpillows,books,razorsandpeanutbutter.

13RubyandAmanda____35____alloftheitemsonthefirstlistandthatstartedachainreactionof____36____andkindness.Theylauncheda GoFundMe pageto_____37_____moneytofulfillmorewishes.Soonafter,Ruby'sstorywentviralandshe'snowcollectedmorethan$250,000and_____38_____herownnonprofitcalled ThreeWishesforRuby'sResidents.“I'dlikeittogoon____39____andeverandever,”shesaid.“BecauseIjustwantittogo____40____andIwantittogoaroundthestatesandevenindifferentcountries.”21.A.warnedB.noticedC.screamedD.worried22.A.upsetB.curiousC.exhaustedD.satisfied23.A.expectB.botherC.affordD.agree24.A.discussingB.examiningC.sharingD.digging25.A.anyB.soC.notD.ever26.A.movedB.struckC.changedD.depressed27.A.comfortB.compensateC.helpD.protect28.A.brochureB.penC.diaryD.notebook29.A.skepticalB.awareC.tiredD.confident30.A.putupB.bringupC.endupD.showup31.A.matterB.workC.inspireD.arise32.A.persuadingB.orderingC.askingD.advising33.A.delightedB.confusedC.frightenedD.shocked34.A.simpleB.demandingC.unreasonableD.strange35.A.collectedB.boughtC.madeD.removed36.A.curiosityB.anxietyC.sympathyD.generosity37.A.raiseB.earnC.saveD.borrow38.A.managedB.foundedC.advertisedD.invested39.A.temporarilyB.cheaplyC.foreverD.efficiently40.A.richerB.higherC.fasterD.bigger【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.C31.B32.C33.D34.A35.B36.D37.A38.B39.C40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了11岁的RubyKate，心存爱心，帮助经济困难的人，并成立了“给Ruby的居民三个愿望”的非营利组织。

14【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天的一天，Ruby注意到一个名叫Pearl的居民正盯着窗外看，看起来很难过。A.warned警告；B.noticed注意到；C.screamed尖叫；D.worried使担忧。根据常识以及后文“aresidentnamedPearlwasstaringoutofthewindowandlookingvery___2___”可知，Pearl的情况是Ruby注意到的。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天的一天，Ruby注意到一个名叫Pearl的居民正盯着窗外看，看起来很不安。A.upset难过的，不安的；B.curious好奇的；C.exhausted疲惫的；D.satisfied满意的。根据后文“Pearl’sdoghadjustleft.Shecouldn't___3___tohavesomeonetakecareofherdoganditwasbasicallyhomeless.”可知，Pearl狗离开了，由此可知她的心情是难过的。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没钱请人照顾她的狗，它基本上是无家可归的。A.expect预期；B.bother打扰；C.afford付得起；D.agree同意。根据前文“Pearl’sdoghadjustleft”以及后文“itwasbasicallyhomeless”可推知，Pearl没钱请人照顾她的狗。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：经过进一步的调查，Amada和她的女儿发现Pearl每个月只能从医疗补助中得到40美元。A.discussing讨论；B.examining检查；C.sharing分享；D.digging挖掘，寻找。根据后文“AmandaandherdaughterfoundoutthatPearlonlygets$40eachmonthfromherMedicaidcheck.Manyoftheotherresidentsreceivedjustaslittle—if___5___—spendingmoneyatall.”可知，这是她们进一步挖掘调查发现的问题。故选D项。【25题详解】考查代词、副词词义辨析。句意：许多其他居民得到的零花钱也一样少，如果有的话。A.any一些；B.so如此；C.not不；D.ever曾经。根据前文“justaslittle”以及后文“spendingmoneyatall”可知，这里指这些居民得到的零花钱很少，如果有，也很少。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pearl的故事打动了Ruby。A.moved使感动；B.struck撞击，给……以某种印象；C.changed改变；D.depressed使沮丧。根据前文可知，Pearl以及许多和Pearl类似的人陷入贫穷的困境，这件事给Ruby留下很深的印象，打动了Ruby。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想做点什么来帮助她和其他居民。A.comfort安慰；B.compensate补偿；C.help帮助；D.protect保护。基于前文“Pearl’sstory____6____Ruby.”的分析，根据后文“Soshegotout

15a____8____andwrotedownasimplequestion:‘Whatarethreethingsyouwishyouhad?’”可知，Ruby想要帮助Pearl和那些困难居民。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是她拿出笔记本，写下一个简单的问题：“你希望拥有哪三件东西？”A.brochure小册子；B.pen钢笔；C.diary日记；D.notebook笔记本。根据后文“WhenAmandasawwhatherdaughterwroteinhernotebook,shewas____13____thatthelistwasfilled…”可知，这里指Ruby拿出笔记本来。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Amada对Ruby宽泛的问题持怀疑态度。A.skeptical怀疑的；B.aware意识到的；C.tired疲劳的；D.confident自信的。根据后文“Shedidn'tthinkherdaughterwould___10___withanythinghelpful.”以及妈妈所说的话可知，妈妈Amada对女儿的做法持怀疑态度。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她认为她的女儿不会得到任何有用的东西。A.putup举起；B.bringup养大；C.endup最终（达到），以......结束；D.showup出现。根据后文妈妈所说的“Inmyadultmind,thatquestionisnotgoingto___11___”和“They'regoingtotellyouthattheywantthingsyoucan'tgivethem”可以推测，Amada认为女儿最终不会得到任何有帮助的东西。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Amada说:“在我成年人的心目中，这个问题是行不通的。”A.matter关系；B.work工作,起作用；C.inspire激励；D.arise出现。根据后文Amada所说“They'regoingtotellyouthattheywantthingsyoucan'tgivethem”可以推测，Amada以自己成人的经验认为这个问题是行不通的。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词（现在分词）词义辨析。句意：她在私立养老院挨家挨户地敲门，让居民们列出他们的三个愿望。A.persuading说服；B.ordering命令；C.asking问，请求；D.advising建议。根据前文“Shewentdoortodooratthenursinghome”以及后文“WhenAmandasawwhatherdaughterwroteinhernotebook…”可知，Amada请求居民列出他们的三个愿望。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Amada看到女儿在笔记本上写的东西时，她震惊了，她的清单上只有一些简单的要求，比如新枕头、书、剃须刀和花生酱。A.delighted高兴的；B.confused困惑的；C.frightened惊恐的；D.shocked震惊的。妈妈Amada后来在女儿笔记本上看到的和以前自己想象的大相径庭，自己想的很复杂，而女儿得到的结果很不错，这是她没有预料到的，所以令她震惊。故选D项。

1634题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Amada看到女儿在笔记本上写的东西时，她震惊了，她的清单上只有一些简单的要求，比如新枕头、书、剃须刀和花生酱。A.simple简单的；B.demanding高要求的；C.unreasonable不合理的；D.strange奇怪的。根据后文“likenewpillows,books,razorsandpeanutbutter”可知，清单上是些容易实现的简单的要求。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ruby和Amada买下了第一个清单上的所有物品，这引发了慷慨和善良的连锁反应。A.collected收集；B.bought买；C.made制造；D.removed去掉。基于前文分析，根据常识以及后文“startedachainreactionof___16___andkindness”可知，Ruby和Amada要帮助那些经济困难的居民，所以买下了清单上的所有物品，并引起连锁反应。故选B项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ruby和Amada买下了第一个清单上的所有物品，这引发了慷慨和善良的连锁反应。A.curiosity好奇心；B.anxiety焦虑；C.sympathy同情心；D.generosity慷慨。基于前文“RubyandAmanda___15___alloftheitemsonthefirstlist”的分析，根据后文“kindness”可知，此处指“慷慨”和善良并列。故选D项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们发起了GoFundMe网页来筹集资金以满足更多的愿望。A.raise筹集；B.earn挣得；C.save节省；D.borrow借入。根据后文“she'snowcollectedmorethan$250,000”可知，这里指她们筹集资金以满足更多的愿望。故选A项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，Ruby的故事在网上疯传，现在她已经募集了25万美元，并成立了自己的非营利组织“给Ruby的居民三个愿望”。A.managed管理；B.founded成立；C.advertised广告；D.invested投资。基于前文的分析，根据后文“herownnonprofitcalledThreeWishesforRuby'sResidents”可知，她们成立了这个帮助居民实现愿望的组织。故选B项。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我希望它永远、永远、永远持续下去，”她说。A.temporarily暂时地；B.cheaply便宜地；C.forever永远；D.efficiently高效地。根据常识以及前文“goon”和后文“andeverandever”可知，Ruby希望把爱心永远持续下去。故选C项。【40题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：“因为我只是想让它变得更壮大，我想让它传遍各个州，甚至是不同的国家。”A.richer更富足；B.higher更高；C.faster更快；D.bigger更大。根据后文“Iwantittogo

17aroundthestatesandevenindifferentcountries”可知，Ruby想让它变得更壮大。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhatdotheSummerPalace,YuanmingyuanandtheChengdeMountainResortallhave____41____common?TheseQing-dynastyarchitectural____42____(wonder),alongwithmanyothers,wereallbuiltbymembersofthesamefamily-theLeifamily.Forsevengenerations,theLeifamily____43____(quiet)shapedroyalarchitecture.Theirdesignswereadmirable,____44____(vary)fromgrandbuildingstopublicworks,suchasroadsanddams.Soincrediblewastheirskill____45____manyoftheirbuildingssurvivedearthquakesandremainedstandingoverhundredsofyears.TheLeifamilywerealsopioneeringengineers,whousedagrid(方格)systemtoplantheirprojectsindetail.Theytookcarefulnotesandmademodelsoftheirprojects,manyof____46____havesurvivedtothisday,andtheyareregisteredaspartofUNESCO’SMemoryoftheWorldProgramme.Inadditiontotheirarchitecturalachievements,theLeifamily____47____(show)diligence(勤奋)andmodesty.Eachgenerationconscientiouslylearnttheirskillsandundertookambitiousprojects,manyofwhichtookyears____48____(complete).Yettheydidnotseekfame,andeventoday,theirgreatworksareassociated____49____(much)withtheroyalcourtthanwiththem.Withtheirremarkableskills,innovation,diligenceandmodesty,theLeifamilyleavebehindtheirbuildingsandthe_____50_____(believe)thattrueworkmanshipisatreasurethatcanlastbeyondalifetime.【答案】41.in42.wonders43.quietly44.varying45.that46.which47.showed48.tocomplete49.more50.belief【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清代雷氏家族建筑传承七代的成就以及他们对皇家建筑风格的影响。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：颐和园、圆明园和承德避暑山庄有什么共同之处？havesth.incommon为固定短语，意为“有共同之处”。故填in。

18【42题详解】考查名词。句意：这些清代的建筑奇迹，以及其他许多建筑，都是由同一个家族的成员——雷氏家族建造的。wonder意为“奇观”，为可数名词，前面有these限定，所以应该用复数形式。故填wonders。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：雷氏家族七代人默默塑造了皇家建筑。修饰动词shaped需用副词quietly作状语。故填quietly。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的设计是令人钦佩的，从宏伟的建筑到公共工程，如道路和大坝。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词were，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，主语theirdesigns和vary为逻辑上的主谓关系，此处用现在分词形式做伴随状语。故填varying。【45题详解】考查状语从句。句意：他们的技术是如此不可思议，以至于他们的许多建筑在地震中幸存下来，并保存了数百年。so…that…引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。【46题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们认真地做笔记，为自己的项目制作模型，其中许多项目保存至今，并被列入联合国教科文组织的“世界记忆计划”。本句是由逗号隔开的两部分，逗号之前为完整的句子，逗号之后的部分缺少主语，因此逗号之后应该为定语从句。此处应为“介词+which”用法。先行词“carefulnotesandmademodelsoftheirprojects”指物，在定语从句中作of的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。【47题详解】考查动词时态。句意：除了他们在建筑上的成就，雷氏家族还表现出了勤奋和谦虚。根据前后文信息及背景可知，此处应该用过去时态表示雷氏家族当时的做法。使用一般过去时。故填showed。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每一代人都认真学习他们的技能，并承担雄心勃勃的项目，其中许多项目需要多年才能完成。“ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，不定式作主语。故填tocomplete。【49题详解】考查副词比较级。句意：然而，他们并不追求名声，即使在今天，他们的伟大作品更多地与王室有关，而不是与他们。根据后面的than可以判断出应该用比较级形式。故填more。【50题详解】

19考查名词。句意：以他们卓越的技艺、创新、勤奋和谦虚，雷氏一家留下了他们的建筑，并相信真正的工艺是可以延续一生的财富。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需填名词belief，结合后面的同位语从句可知，使用名词单数形式。故填belief。第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题,每小题1分;满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。StudyingintheUKhavebeenagoodexperienceforme.WhenIfirstarrived,IfindlifeveryhardasIdidn’tknowanybodyhere,butIsoongottoknowotherChinesestudentattheuniversity.LaterIbecameinterestingincommunicatingwithpeoplefromvariouscultures,andImadefewerfriends.DuringmystudyIchosetoliveinwithmyclassmatesinthedormitory.Ithinkit’sbetterthanlivinginBritishfamilybecauseIcanmeetpeoplefromdifferentcountrieseasy.Thecourseshereareexcellent.Ienjoythewaytheteachersgivelessons.Weareencouragedtothinkforyourselves,whichisquitedifferentfromthatIhaveexperiencedbefore.【答案】1.have→has2.find→found3.student→students4.interesting→interested5.fewer→more6.去掉介词in7.British前加a8.easy→easily.9.yourselves→ourselves10.that→what【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己在英国学习的经历。【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：在英国学习对我来说是一次很好的经历。由于本句的主语Studyingin

20theUK为动名词短语，单个的动名词作主语谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式；故把have→has。2.考查时态。句意：当我刚到的时候，我觉得生活很艰难，因为我不认识这里的任何人。本句为when引导的时间状语从句；根据从句使用了一般过去时可知，主句的动作应发生在过去，故用found。因此find→found。3.考查名词的单复数。此处指“其他的中国留学生们”，要用复数形式students。故student→students。4.考查固定搭配。句意：后来，我对与来自不同文化的人们交流感兴趣。becomeinterestedin=beinterestedin意为：对……感兴趣；故interesting→interested。5.考查句意理解以及形容词的比较级。此处指的是我结交了更多的朋友。句中的fewer意为“更少的”，所以要用“more”。因此把fewer→more。6.考查句意理解以及介词。本句的意思“在我学习期间，我选择和我的同学一起住在宿舍里”。由于此处live之后没有跟宾语，故应去掉live之后的in。7.考查冠词。此处用来修饰单数名词family，表示泛指一个英国家庭；故British前加a。8.考查副词。句意：因为我可以很容易地见到来自不同国家的人。此处用来修饰动词meet，用副词easily。故所easy→easily。9.考查人称一致。主语是we，此处指代“我们被鼓励独立思考”。人称要保持一致，故yourselves→ourselves。10.考查连接代词。句意：鼓励我们独立思考，这和我以前经历的完全不同。what和that都可引导名词从句。what在名词从句不仅是连接词，而且还担当一定的成分，如主语、宾语或表语，常被译为“所……的”；而连词that在宾语从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分。此处用来引导宾语从句，由于该从句缺少宾语，所以此处应使用连接代词。what。故that→what。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，是校英语报的小记者，上周你校组织开展了为期一周的“读书周”活动。请你写一篇报道介绍一下这次活动，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动内容；3.活动反响。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

21___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Lastweekwitnessedameaningfulactivitycalled“ReadingWeek”forallthestudentsinourschool.Tomotivateourpassionforreading,ourschoollauncheddiverseactivities.Firstly,everystudentdonatedafavoritebookandhelpedestablishabookbank,enablingstudentstoselectabooktoread.Besides,aliteraturesalonattractednumerousstudentstosharetheirbookreviews.Theactivityturnedoutamarveloussuccess,providingaplatformforustoexplorethebeautyofreadingandexperiencethecharmofit.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇报道介绍一下为期一周的“读书周”活动。【详解】1.词汇积累活动：event→activity激发：stimulate→motivate各样的：various→diverse此外：inaddition=besides2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Theactivityturnedoutamarveloussuccess,providingaplatformforustoexplorethebeautyofreadingandexperiencethecharmofit.拓展句：Theactivityturnedoutamarveloussuccess,whichprovidedaplatformforustoexplorethebeautyofreadingandexperiencethecharmofit.【点睛】[高分句型1]Tomotivateourpassionforreading,ourschoollauncheddiverseactivities.(运用了不定式作目的状语)[高分句型2]Firstly,everystudentdonatedafavoritebookandhelpedestablishabookbank,enablingstudentstoselectabooktoread.(运用了现在分词作状语)