湖南省郴州市2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试（质量监测）英语Word版含解析

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郴州市2021年高一下学期教学质量监测英语试卷注意事项：1.试卷分听力、阅读、语言运用、写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟，满分150分。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和该试题卷的指定位置上，并认真核对答题卡上的姓名、准考证号和科目。3.考生作答时，选择题和非选择题均须作答在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。考生在答题卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。4.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whichbookhastheman’ssisterbought?A.Amedicalbook.B.AChinesetextbook.C.AnEnglishtextbook.2.WherearethestudentsofClassOne?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthemeetingroom.C.Inthereadingroom.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Makeabooking.B.Changeabooking.C.Cancelabooking.4.Howmuchisthesuitcasenow?A.25dollars.B.35dollars.C.50dollars.5.Whatcolordressisthewomanwearing?A.Blue.B.Yellow.C.Red.第二节

1听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6Whywon’tthewomangototheculturefestival?A.Becauseofhousework.B.Becauseofhomework.C.Becauseofpart-timejob.7.WhatdoesthemanusuallydoonSaturdaynights?A.Hemeetshisfriends.B.Herelaxesathome.C.Hedoessomecleaning.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Heattendedaparty.B.Hewenttoseeadoctor.C.Helookedafterhismother.9.Howlongdidthemanstayinthehospital?A.3hours.B.4hours.C.5hours.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatkindofrestaurantistheLotusGarden?A.Indian.B.French.C.Chinese.11.Whereisthemannowprobably?A.InBirmingham.B.InLeeds.C.InSunderland.12.HowwillJamesgettoDurham?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Bybus.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whathasthewomanbeenthinkingaboutrecently?A.Whichjoboffersheshouldaccept.B.Whatmajorsheshouldchoose.C.Whatshewouldliketoworkas.14.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutbeingaflightattendant?A.Boring.B.Dangerous.C.Poorly-paid.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkthewomanisgoodat?A.Interpreting.B.Organizingmeetings.C.Dealingwithmoney.16.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobe?

2AAdoctor.B.Aninterpreter.C.Abusinesswoman.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whereisthetalkgiven?A.IntheTeachingBuilding.B.IntheStudentCenter.C.Inthelibrary.18.Whoshouldstudentsturntoiftheyneedapart-timejob?A.Mary.B.Gina.C.Ruth.19.WhatisDaniel’sduty?A.Tokeepthebooksinorder.B.Tosolvethecomputerproblems.C.Tohelpstudentsfindinformation.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremindstudentstodoatlast?A.Keepquietinthelibrary.B.Returnbooksontime.C.Applyforfamilyweek.第二部分阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项。AChristmasisatimeofgreatjoybutitcanalsoleadtoover-consumption.Here’showtocutbackonunnecessarypurchases(购买)andhelpsavetheplanetintheprocess.Getaneco-friendlytreeHavingaChristmastreeathomehasbeenaBritishtraditionsincethe1700sandwefillourhomeswitharound8millionayear.Butweknowplastictreespollutetheplanetandcuttingdownatwo-metretreecanproduceupto16kgofCO2whenitrotsinlandfillaccordingtotheCarbonTrust.Butthereisanalternative.YoucanrentatreefromEco-Elfwhodeliverittoyourdoor,andthencollectsitafterChristmastoreplantitintheirUKforests.GivegiftsthatmakenewmemoriesThere’ssomuchpressuretobuyfriends,family,colleagues,orneighboursagiftatthistimeofyear.Butinfactaround£42millionworthofChristmaspresentsaren’twantedandendupindustbinseachyear,whichisnoteco-friendly.Chancesareyourlovedoneswouldratherspendmoretimewithyouthanhavemoregifts.Youcouldeitherbookanexperiencetogetherlikeacookingclassoraboattrip;organiseanaturetreasurehuntorgobird-watching;orshareaskillyouhavewiththemlikefixingtheirbike.

31.Whatdoweknowabouteco-friendlyChristmastrees?A.TheywillproducemuchCO2.B.TheycanbeboughtfromEco-Elf.C.TheycanbereplantedafterChristmas.D.TheyhavebeenusedbyBritishsincethe1700s.2.WhichChristmasgiftisNotsuggestedaccordingtothepassage?A.Fixingyourfriend’sbike.B.Organizingabusinesstrip.C.Enjoyingbird-watching.D.Sharingacookingclasswithyourkids.3.What’stheaimofthepassage?A.TointroduceseveralChristmastraditions.B.TocutbackonanypurchasesatChristmas.C.Tohelppeoplehaveaneco-friendlyChristmas.D.ToremindpeopletospendmoretimewithfamilyatChristmas.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章倡导人们过一个环保的圣诞节并且给出了合理的建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Getaneco-friendlytree标题下最后一句“YoucanrentatreefromEco-Elfwhodeliverittoyourdoor,andthencollectsitafterChristmastoreplantitintheirUKforests.”（你可以从Eco-Elf那里租一棵树，他们会把它送到你家门口，然后在圣诞节后收集起来，在他们的英国森林里重新种植。），可知我们对环保圣诞树了解到的是：它们可以在圣诞节后被再种植。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Youcouldeitherbookanexperiencetogetherlikeacookingclassoraboattrip;organiseanaturetreasurehuntorgobird-watching;orshareaskillyouhavewiththemlikefixingtheirbike.”（你可以一起预订一次体验，比如烹饪课或乘船旅行；组织自然寻宝或观鸟；或者与他们分享你的技能，比如修理他们的自行车。），可知ACD的圣诞礼物都被建议了，B选项（组织一次商务旅行。）这个圣诞礼物没有被建议。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Christmasisatimeofgreatjoybutitcanalsoleadtoover-consumption.Here’s

4howtocutbackonunnecessarypurchases(购买)andhelpsavetheplanetintheprocess.”（圣诞节是一个充满欢乐的时刻，但也会导致过度消费。以下是如何减少不必要的购买，并在此过程中帮助拯救地球。），可知这篇文章的目的是帮助人们过一个环保的圣诞节。故选C。BParentshaveanewtoolinthebattleoverscreentimewithanAustralianappaskingkidstosolveonemathorEnglishproblembeforetheycanunlocktheirphones,whichhelpschildrenlearnsomethingusefulduringtheirscreentime.Sydneyentrepreneurs(企业家)IssacandAnnElnekaveturnedtheirbrightideaintoanappcalled1-Questionandtrieditontheir16-year-olddaughterAlyssa.“AtfirstIwasn’tsureaboutit,”Alyssasaid.“Ididn’twantmyfriendstoblamemeiftheirparentsmadethemgetit.ButonceIstartedusingit,Irealizeditdoesn’ttakethatlongtoansweraquestionandit’sactuallyprettycool.”Researchhasshownalmosthalfofchildrenagedbetween6and16eitherhaveamobilephoneorhaveaccesstoone.ThemajorityplaygamesoruseappslikeYoutubeforanaverageofaboutfivehoursaday.“The1-Questionappcreatesmicrolearningmoments,”MrsElnekavesaid.“Wecreatedasolutionthatcombinescreentimeandstudy.”Parentscandownloadthe$2.99amonthappontotheirchild’sphone,selecttheirgradeandcurriculum(课程大纲)subjects,thenmonitoreachtimetheirchildcorrectlyanswersaquestiontoopenagameorappsuchasYoutube.“Wedesignedtheuserexperiencetobereallysimple,butbehindtheappisourincrediblyintelligentAlengine,”Mr.Elnekavesaid.“Asyourchildlearns,sodoestheAI,whichworksouteachchild’sareasofstrengthandweaknessandcreatesacustomizedpathfortheirlearning.”Theapphasabaseof12,000questionsdevelopedbyteachersusingtheAustralian,BritishandAmericancurriculumdesignedforprimaryschoolchildren.4.Whatdoweknowaboutthe1-Questionapp?A.Itisfreeofcharge.B.Itcontainsquestionssuitableforhighschoolstudents.C.Ithelpschildrenlearnsomethingusefulduringtheirscreentime.D.Childrenneedtoanswermorethanonequestioncorrectlytounlocktheirphones.5.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thepopularityofmobilephones.

5B.Thewaytodownloadthe1-Questionapp.C.Theinfluenceofphonegamesonchildren.D.Thefunctionandsignificanceofthequestionapp.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“customized”mean?A.Special.B.Easy.C.Useless.D.Interesting.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Science.C.Finance.D.Health.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的一款应用，它要求孩子们在解锁手机前先解决一道题，这可以帮助孩子们学习有用的东西。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ParentshaveanewtoolinthebattleoverscreentimewithanAustralianappaskingkidstosolveonemathorEnglishproblembeforetheycanunlocktheirphones,whichhelpschildrenlearnsomethingusefulduringtheirscreentime.”（家长们有了一个新的工具来争夺屏幕时间，澳大利亚的一款应用要求孩子们在解锁手机之前先解决一道数学或英语题，这可以帮助孩子们在屏幕时间学习有用的东西。）可知，1-Question应用程序可以帮助孩子们在屏幕时间学习有用的东西。故选C项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段““The1-Questionappcreatesmicrolearningmoments,”MrsElnekavesaid.“Wecreatedasolutionthatcombinescreentimeandstudy.””（“1-Question应用程序创造了微型学习时刻，”埃尔内卡夫女士说。“我们创造了一个结合了屏幕时间和学习的解决方案。”）可知，本段主要讨论了1-Question应用程序的功能和意义。故选D项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Asyourchildlearns,sodoestheAI,whichworksouteachchild’sareasofstrengthandweakness”（随着孩子的学习，人工智能也在学习，它会计算出每个孩子的优势和劣势）可知，随着孩子的进步，人工智能会计算每个孩子的优势和劣势，为每个孩子制定特殊的学习路径，推测划线单词表示“特殊定制的”，与special同义。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了一个新发明的应用程序，它会要求孩子们在解锁手机前先解决一道题，帮助孩子们学习有用的东西，推测文章出自报纸的“科学”版面。故选B项。C

6Eachmorning,CaitrionaLallygetsupat4:45am,putsonherbluecoatandheadsovertothecollegetocleanfrom6amto9:30am.Thenshereturnshometotakecareofherdaughter,Alice.ThedayshegotthecalltellinghershewontheRooneyPrizeforIrishLiterature,Alicewassickonthebed.CaitrionaLallysaid,“Iunderstandthatmychoiceofjobisanunusualoneforawriter,andthat’swhathasattractedmediainterest.Butaslongasmystoryistoldaccurately,I’mOKwithit.TheonlythingI’mworriedaboutinthereportisanysuggestionthatmylifeistougherthanitactuallyis,orthatI’minspiringbecauseIworkacleaningjob.ButthefactisthatIhaveapartnerwhoworksfulltime,whichallowsmetocleanpart-time,writepart-time,andbeathomewithourdaughtermostoftheweek.Therearepeoplewhohavetoworktwoorthreejobswhodon’tgettoseetheirchildrenasoftenastheylike.I’vealsohadthechanceofgoingtouniversityandI’vebeenabletochooseaphysicaljob.”Aftergraduatingin2004fromTrinityCollegeDublin,LallyworkedasanEnglishteacherinJapanforayearandthentraveledalot.BackinIreland,shedidvariousjobs,includingasacopywriter,andshewenttoNewYorkforatimeasahomehelper.Shefoundherselfunemployedin2011,whichwaswhenshegottheideaforEggshells.ShehadstayedfriendswithsomeofheroldcleaningfriendsfromTrinity,andtheytoldhertheschoolwashiringcleaners.Soshewentback.Shesaidshefindscleaninglargeemptyrooms,especiallybeautifullibrariesatthecollege,tobepeaceful.WinnersovertheyearshavebecomesomeofIreland’sbest-knownwriters.Shehadn’tappliedfortheaward;thecommitteeselectsthecandidates(候选者).Wechoosethelifestyleaswewant,andlifechoosesthewinnerasitwants.8.WhatwasCaitrionaLallydoingwhenshegotthecallthatshehadwontheprize?A.Shewaswritinganewnovel.B.Shewastakingcareofherdaughter.C.Shewastravelingabroadwithherfamily.D.ShewascleaningthelibraryroomoftheTrinityCollegeDublin.9.WhydidCaitrionaLallychoosetobeacleanerinacollege?A.Becauseheroldfriendsadvisedhertobeacleaner.B.Becauseshemustdothecleaningjobtomakealiving.C.Becauseshecouldn’tfindabetterjobthanbeingacleaner.D.Becausethisjobofferedhertimeandpeacefulmindtowriteatthesametime.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.CaitrionaLallyappliedforthePrize.

7B.CaitrionaLallywantedtoattractmediainterest.C.CaitrionaLallydidmanyjobsaftergraduation.D.CaitrionaLallyhasbecomethebest-knownwriterinIreland.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AnUnusualCleanerandWriterB.AnInspiringCleanerC.AnIreland’sBest-knownWriterD.AGreatWoman【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位选择在大学作清洁工的女士获得了鲁尼爱尔兰文学奖。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thenshereturnshometotakecareofherdaughter,Alice.ThedayshegotthecalltellinghershewontheRooneyPrizeforIrishLiterature,Alicewassickonthebed.”（然后她回家照顾她的女儿爱丽丝。她接到电话说她获得了鲁尼爱尔兰文学奖的那天，爱丽丝卧病在床。）可知，凯特丽娜·拉里接到获奖电话时，她正在照顾自己的女儿。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ButthefactisthatIhaveapartnerwhoworksfulltime,whichallowsmetocleanpart-time,writepart-time,andbeathomewithourdaughtermostoftheweek.”（但事实上，我有一个全职工作的伴侣，这让我可以兼职打扫卫生，兼职写作，每周大部分时间都在家陪女儿。）以及第三段“Shesaidshefindscleaninglargeemptyrooms,especiallybeautifullibrariesatthecollege,tobepeaceful.”（她说，她发现打扫大而空的房间，尤其是学校里漂亮的图书馆，是一种宁静。）可知，凯特丽娜·拉里可以兼职工作，以得到时间陪伴女儿，可以在大学当清洁工的工作中获得宁静，所以凯特丽娜·拉里选择在大学当清洁工是因为这份工作给了她时间和平静的心态去写作。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Aftergraduatingin2004fromTrinityCollegeDublin,LallyworkedasanEnglishteacherinJapanforayearandthentraveledalot.BackinIreland,shedidvariousjobs,includingasacopywriter,andshewenttoNewYorkforatimeasahomehelper.”（2004年从都柏林圣三一大学毕业后，拉里在日本当了一年的英语老师，然后去了很多地方。回到爱尔兰后，她做了各种各样的工作，包括文案，还曾到纽约做过一段时间的家务助理。）可知，拉里毕业后做了很多种工作。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了一位选择在大学作清洁工的女士获得了鲁尼爱尔兰文学奖，所以“一位不同寻常的清洁工和作家”可以作为文章标题。故选A项。

8DThingswerelookinggreatforAlexiMcCammond.Black,femaleand27,shewasnamededitor-in-chiefofafamousmagazineTeenVogue.Butanunexpectedincidentendedhercareerbeforeitbegan.Agroupofemployeeswrotealetterstoppingherfrombeingtheeditor-in-chiefbecauseofseveralonlinetweets(推文)shehadwrittentenyearsearlier,whenshewasateenager.InthemMsMcCammondwrotehowtoavoidwakingupwith“Ugly,Asianeyes”.Shecomplainedaboutherpoorgradesinchemistry:“Thanksalot,stupidAsianteacher”.Shehadapologizedforthesecommentsinthepast,butakillinginGeorgiaonMarch16th,inwhichsixvictimswereAsianwomen,madeherapologylookevenworse.Twodayslater,MsMcCammondwroteonTwitteragain—tosaythatshehadagreedtogiveuptheTeenVoguejob.Whydotweetskeepdestroyingpeople?Theanswermaylieinthelanguage.Inform,thelanguageofsocialmediaiswritten—butinstyle,itisfarmorelikespeech.Twitter’swordlimitencouragesshortpoststhatareliketalking.Peoplewritethemastheyspeak,usingincompletesentences,slang,informalspellings(toshowpronunciation)andsoon.LanguageexpertsuseTwittertostudychangesinvocabulary,grammarandusage,whichshowsthatthelanguageoftweetsisverysimilartooralchatting.Finally,thosewhoaredirectoroutspokeninspeechmaybemorepopularonTwitter.Inordertobeoneofthosepopular,peopleespeciallyteenagers,maymakewrongremarksjustasMsMcCammonddid.Postsmayseemtodisappearastimegoesby,butunlesstheyaredeletedtheyliveonforever.Inotherwords,theInternethasitsmemory,sobecarefulthatsomethingimproperonepostonlinecandestroyhimorhersomeday.12.WhatdidagroupofemployeesdoinParagraph2?A.DisagreedwithMcCammond.B.Workedasresponsibleeditors.C.Wrotealettertotheeditor-in-chief.D.PreventedMcCammondfrombeingtheeditor-in-chief.13.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidMcCammonddecidetodo?A.Gaveupherjob.B.Gotgoodgradesinchemistry.C.Continuedusingsocialmedia.D.Madeanapologyforherdecision.14.WhichwordsareprobablyNotusedonTwitter?

9A.Hopeso.B.I’llbebacksoon.C.It’sovermyhead.D.2Bornot2B.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardspostsonTwitter?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Careful.D.Unclear.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了《青少年时尚》杂志的主编因曾经发表不当言论失去了自己的工作，互联网是有记忆的，所以人们要谨慎，因为一篇不当的帖子可能会在某一天毁掉自己。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Agroupofemployeeswrotealetterstoppingherfrombeingtheeditor-in-chiefbecauseofseveralonlinetweetsshehadwrittentenyearsearlier,whenshewasateenager.”（一群员工写了一封信，阻止她担任主编，因为她十年前在十几岁的时候写的几条在线推文。）可知，一群员工写信阻止麦卡蒙德担任主编。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Twodayslater,MsMcCammondwroteonTwitteragain—tosaythatshehadagreedtogiveuptheTeenVoguejob.”（两天后，麦卡蒙德再次在推特上写道，她同意放弃《青少年时尚》杂志的工作。）可知，麦卡蒙德决定放弃工作。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inform,thelanguageofsocialmediaiswritten—butinstyle,itisfarmorelikespeech.”（在形式上，社交媒体的语言是书面的，但在风格上，它更像是言语。）可知，社交媒体的语言在形式上是书面的，结合选项，B项“我很快就回来”是口头语言，不能在推特上使用。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inotherwords,theInternethasitsmemory,sobecarefulthatsomethingimproperonepostonlinecandestroyhimorhersomeday.”（换句话说，互联网有它的记忆，所以要谨慎，一篇不恰当的帖子可能会在某一天毁掉他或她。）可知，作者认为在Twitter上发表帖子要谨慎。故选C项。第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itwasthesportsprofessionals(专业人员)amongbikers,suchasmountainbikers,thatfirstusedhelmets(头盔)whentheyrode.TheUCI-UnionCyclisteInternationale,therulingbodyofcycling,neverrequiredmandatory(强制的)helmetuse.____16____.Finally,thesportingworlddidmakeitmandatoryandthisledtoareviewofthegenerallawsaroundtheworld.

10____17____.Ithaslongbeenknownthatamotorcyclistcanbekilledorhavehisbrainseriouslyhurtbecauseofaroadtrafficaccident.Inthepastmostpeoplethoughtthatbecausecyclistswereslowerontheroadtherewaslessriskofbeinghurt.However,thishasbeenproventobeincorrect,____18____.____19____.InsomeEuropeancountries,cyclehelmetshaveonlybecomemandatoryinthelastfewyears.____20____.However,insomecountries,therearenolawswhatsoever.TheUnitedKingdom,forexample,hasrefusedtomakeanylawtomakecyclehelmetsmandatoryforfearthatahelmetlawmightdiscouragepeoplefromtakingupcycling.A.Asaresult,moreandmorecyclistsareabandoninghelmetsB.However,asonetookthelead,othersfollowedC.soitismandatorynowinmanycountriesforcycliststowearahelmetD.AustraliawasthefirstcountrytomakewearingcyclehelmetsmandatoryE.NotwearingahelmetcancauseinjuriestocyclistsF.InSpain,cyclistshavetowearahelmetoutsideurban(城镇)areasexceptwhengoinguphillG.Studiesshowthereisaseriousconnectionbetweencyclingaccidentsandtheriskofhurtingheads【答案】16.B17.G18.C19.D20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了各地对使用头盔的不同规定和何时成为正式法律。【16题详解】根据空格前一句“TheUCI-UnionCyclisteInternationale,therulingbodyofcycling,neverrequiredmandatory(强制的)helmetuse.”（UCI联合自行车国际协会是自行车运动的主导机构，从未要求强制头盔的使用。）和后一句“Finally,thesportingworlddidmakeitmandatoryandthisledtoareviewofthegenerallawsaroundtheworld.”（最后，体育界确实将其定为强制性的，这导致了对世界各地一般法律的审查。），可知B选项（然而，当其中一人带头时，其他人也跟着这样做）与前文的“从未要求强制头盔的使用”相吻合，同时下一句中的宾语“it”也指代B选项中的“当其中一人带头时”这件事。故选B。【17题详解】根据空格后句子“Ithaslongbeenknownthatamotorcyclistcanbekilledorhavehisbrainseriouslyhurtbecauseofaroadtrafficaccident.”（人们早就知道，摩托车手可能会因为道路交通事故而死亡或脑部严重受伤。），可知空格处应该也是描述事故和受伤之间的事情。选项G（研究表明，骑车事故与头部受伤风险之间存在着严重的联系）适合引出下一句。故选G。【18题详解】根据空格前两句“Inthepastmostpeoplethoughtthatbecausecyclistswereslowerontheroadtherewasless

11riskofbeinghurt.However,thishasbeenproventobeincorrect,”（在过去，大多数人认为，因为骑自行车人在路上速度较慢，所以受伤的风险较小。然而，这被证明是不正确的，）可知下一句描述这件事被证明是不正确之后人们做出的反应。选项C（因此，在许多国家，骑自行车的人必须戴头盔）就是人们采取的措施。故选C。【19题详解】根据后一句“InsomeEuropeancountries,cyclehelmetshaveonlybecomemandatoryinthelastfewyears.”（在一些欧洲国家，自行车头盔直到最近几年才成为强制性的。）可推知前一句应该也是描述国家把戴头盔规定成强制的。D选项（澳大利亚是第一个强制佩戴自行车头盔的国家）符合题意。故选D。【20题详解】根据下两句“However,insomecountries,therearenolawswhatsoever.TheUnitedKingdom,forexample,hasrefusedtomakeanylawtomakecyclehelmetsmandatoryforfearthatahelmetlawmightdiscouragepeoplefromtakingupcycling.”（然而，在一些国家，没有任何法律。例如，英国拒绝制定任何强制戴自行车头盔的法律，因为担心头盔法可能会阻止人们骑自行车。），结合“However”可知空格处应该是提到某个国家有相关法律。F选项（在西班牙，骑自行车的人在市区外必须戴头盔，上坡时除外）符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastAugust,wehikedabouthalfamiletoapopularspotcalledDiana’sBathsinanAmericanpark.The____21____fallsoffaseriesofflatrocksintosmallpools,wherekidsinswimsuitswere____22____around.Iwas____23____asIsawmytwoboysjumpbetweentheslipperyrocks.“Norunning,”Isaidagainandagain.“Stayawayfromallthoseedges.”ButIsoon____24____andwewereallhavingfun.Then,secondslater,I____25____mysonWyattsittingdownbetweentworocksinafast-movingstream.Iyelledathimto____26____.HeyelledsomethingthatIcouldn’thear,andthenhedisappearedovertheedge.Myhusbandwasalreadyswimmingdowntherocks.Tomy____27____,IfinallydiscoveredWyattwassittingup.Wyatthadfallenonhisback,straightontotherocks.That’swhatLisatoldus.Wedidn’tknowher____28____atthatpoint.Allweknewwasthatwheneveryoneelselookedonfromadistance,tooafraidorunbotheredtohelp,thisslimwomandidn’t____29____.Infact,bythetimemyhusbandpulledWyattoutofthewater,shehadalreadycalled911.ShegaveWyatttoweltoputunderhishead.She____30____ustokeephimstillandonhisbackincaseheinjuredhisspinalcord.OnlyatthismomentdidIgetthechancetoaskhernameandshetoldmeshewasLisa.

12Therescueteam____31____.TheytookWyattoutofthe____32____.Anambulancetookustothesmalllocalhospital.Assoonasthe____33____toldmethatWyattwasgoingtobeOK,mythoughtsfelltoLisa.Ifshehadnot____34____,wouldsomeoneelsehavedoneso?Perhaps.Butitwasher.Shewastheonewhowenttowardthe____35____insteadofturningaway.21.A.trashB.mudC.sandD.water22.A.lookingB.swimmingC.travellingD.gathering23.A.terrifiedB.excitedC.disappointedD.confused24.A.returnedB.disappearedC.relaxedD.understood25.A.keptB.stoppedC.suggestedD.saw26.A.getoutB.giveupC.liedownD.turnaround27.A.surpriseB.reliefC.disappointmentD.annoyance28.A.hobbyB.weightC.nameD.profession29.A.telephoneB.yellC.apologizeD.hesitate30.A.toldB.forcedC.orderedD.encouraged31.A.succeededB.cameC.agreedD.failed32.A.bathroomB.theaterC.parkD.school33.A.teachersB.coachesC.patientsD.doctors34.A.helpedB.refusedC.acceptedD.tried35.A.funnyB.challengingC.time-consumingD.thinkable【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带孩子去公园玩耍遇到危险，一位苗条的女人丽莎迅速采取行动帮了很大的忙。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：水从一系列平坦的岩石上掉入小泳池，穿着泳衣的孩子们在那里游泳。A.trash垃圾；B.mud淤泥；C.sand沙子；D.water水。根据下文“fallsoffaseriesofflatrocksintosmallpools”可知，应该是“水”流进池塘，符合语境。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：水从一系列平坦的岩石上掉入小泳池，穿着泳衣的孩子们在那里游泳。A.looking看；B.swimming游泳；C.travelling旅行；D.gathering聚集。根据上文“fallsoffaseriesofflatrocksintosmall

13pools”可知，应该是穿着泳衣的孩子们正在“游泳”，符合语境。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我看到两个男孩在湿滑的岩石之间跳跃时，我吓坏了。A.terrified害怕的；B.excited兴奋的；C.disappointed失望的；D.confused迷惑的。根据下文“asIsawmytwoboysjumpbetweentheslipperyrocks”可知，看到孩子在岩石间跳跃，所以此刻作者应该是感到“害怕的”。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我很快就放松了，我们都玩得很开心。A.returned返回；B.disappeared消失；C.relaxed放松；D.understood理解。根据下文“asIsawmytwoboysjumpbetweentheslipperyrocks”可知，我们都玩得开心，所以此处应该我“放松”下来了。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟后，我看到我的儿子怀亚特坐在一条快速流动的小溪中的两块岩石之间。A.kept保持；B.stopped停止；C.suggested建议；D.saw看到。根据下文“mysonWyattsittingdownbetweentworocksinafast-movingstream.”可知，作者儿子正坐在岩石上，所以此处用“看到”，符合语境。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我大声叫他出去。A.getout出去；B.giveup放弃；C.liedown躺下；D.turnaround转身。根据下文“andthenhedisappearedovertheedge.”可知，他消失在边缘处，所以此处应该是大声叫他“出去”，符合语境。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我感到宽慰的是，我终于发现怀亚特坐起来了。A.surprise惊讶；B.relief宽慰；C.disappointment失望；D.annoyance烦恼。根据下文“IfinallydiscoveredWyattwassittingup.”可知，作者发现怀特亚坐起来了，所以此处应该是指作者感到“松了口气、宽慰”。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我们不知道她的名字。A.hobby爱好；B.weight重量；C.name名字；D.profession职业。根据下文“OnlyatthismomentdidIgetthechancetoaskhernameandshetoldmeshewasLisa.”可知，到后来才有机会问她的名字，所以此处应该是还不知道她的“名字”。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们所知道的是，当所有人都在远处观望时，因为太害怕或不愿帮忙，这位苗条的女人却毫不犹豫。A.telephone打电话；B.yell叫喊；C.apologize道歉；D.hesitate犹豫。根据下文“shehadalreadycalled911.”可知，她已经采取了行动，所以此处指她没有“犹豫”。故选D项。【30题详解】

14考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我们让他躺着别动，以防他伤到脊髓。A.told告诉；B.forced强迫；C.ordered命令；D.encouraged鼓励。根据下文“incaseheinjuredhisspinalcord.”可知，怕伤到他的脊髓，所以空格处应该用“告诉”我们。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援队来了。A.succeeded成功；B.came到来；C.agreed同意；D.failed失败。根据下文“TheytookWyattoutofthe”可知，他们把怀亚特救出，所以此处是指救援队已“到来”。故选B项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们把怀亚特带出了公园。A.bathroom浴室；B.theater剧场；C.park公园；D.school学校。文章第一段提到作者带孩子来公园玩。再根据下文“Anambulancetookustothesmalllocalhospital.”可知，救护车把我们带到了当地医院，所以此处是指救援队把怀亚特带出“公园”，送到了医院。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当医生告诉我怀亚特会好起来的时候，我想到了丽莎。A.teachers老师；B.coaches教练；C.patients病人；D.doctors医生。根据上文“Anambulancetookustothesmalllocalhospital.”可知，救护车把我们带到了当地医院，所以空格处应该是“医生”告诉作者。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果她没有帮忙，其他人会这么做吗？A.helped帮助；B.refused拒绝；C.accepted接受；D.tried试图。根据上文“mythoughtsfelltoLisa.”可知，作者想到了丽莎的帮助，所以此处指，假如没有她的“帮助”。故选A项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是那个走向挑战而不是转身离开的人。A.funny有趣的；B.challenging具有挑战性的；C.time-consuming耗时的；D.thinkable可考虑的。根据上文“shehadalreadycled911.ShegaveWyatttoweltoputunderhishead.”可知，她提供了很多帮助来救人，所以她是那个敢于面对“挑战”的人，此处用the+形容词表示一类事物，所以thechallenging是指具有挑战性的事物。故选B项。第二节阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Doyouwanttostartexercising?Congratulations!You____36____(be)suretobenefitalotfromit.Tostartwith,physicalactivityincreases____37____efficiencyofyourheartandlungs.Inaddition,ithasbeenproventhatactivepeopletendtohave____38____(good)immunesystemsandareatlowerriskofdiseases.Moreover,____39____(work)outcanhelpyoureducestress,getovernegativefeelings,andimprovecertainbrainfunctions.

15____40____(help)youexerciseproperly,thereareseveraltips.First,makesure____41____youexpecttoimprove:heartandlungefficiency,musclestrengthorflexibility.Thenstickwithactivities____42____youenjoy.Second,eatrightfoodtomeetdifferentneedsofyourbody.Whentoeatisalso____43____greatimportance.Don’tforgettodrinkthroughoutexercise.Lastbutnotleast,wearproperclothesand____44____(equip)whenexercisingtopreventinjury.Warmingupbeforeexercisingandstretchingattheendof____45____(you)workoutaregoodwaystoavoidgettinghurt.【答案】36.are37.the38.better39.working40.Tohelp41.what42.which##that43.of44.equipment45.your【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了体育锻炼的好处并且就体育锻炼给出了几点建议。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：你肯定会从中受益匪浅。句子陈述事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是You，系动词用are符合题意。故填are。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：首先，体育锻炼可以提高心脏和肺的效率。结合“ofyourheartandlungs”可知，在名词efficiency前用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。【38题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：此外，已经证明，活跃的人往往有更好的免疫系统，患病风险较低。结合后半句的lower可知and连接并列成分，用形容词比较级better符合题意，betterimmunesystems，意为“更好的免疫系统”。故填better。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：而且，锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力，克服消极情绪，改善某些大脑功能。在情态动词can之前需要动名词作主语。故填working。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助你正确锻炼，这里有几条建议。句子谓语动词是系动词are，且无连词，空格处填入非谓语动词，考虑使用动词不定式作目的状语，首字母大写。故填Tohelp。

16【41题详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：首先，确定你希望改善的方面：心肺效率、肌肉力量或柔韧性。空格处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，指物用what引导符合题意。故填what。【42题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：然后坚持你喜欢的活动。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词activities，先行词指物，且在从句中作宾语用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：什么时候吃也是非常重要的。句子使用“beof+名词”句型，beofgreatimportance意为“是非常重要的”。故填of。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：最后但是同等重要的是，运动时要穿戴合适的衣服和设备，以防受伤。and连接并列成分，其前是名词clothes，其后应填入不可数名词equipment。故填equipment。【45题详解】考查代词。句意：锻炼前热身和锻炼结束后拉伸是避免受伤的好方法。在名词workout前需要形容词性物主代词your作定语。故填your。第四部分写作第一节46.假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack写信告诉你他想学习中文，但是由于疫情无法到中国来学习。请你写信回复他，内容包括：1.表示支持；2.给出具体的建议；3.给予鼓励。注意：1.词数80左右；2.条理清晰，语意连贯，语言得体；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJack,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

17Yours,LiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearJack,IammorethanhappytoknowyouwanttolearnChinese.Althoughyoucan’tvisitChinaduetothepandemic,don’tworry.I’dliketoofferyousomepracticalsuggestions.Firstofall,asproperguidancecanhelpyoulearnmoreeasily,it’sagoodideatolearnChineseeitherfromaChineseteacherorfromteachingvideosontheInternet.Furthermore,IstronglysuggestyoulistentoandspeakChinesewithnativeChinesespeakersonline.Ofcourse,IwillbealwaysavailableifyouwanttopracticeChinese.Ihopemyadvicewillbeofsomehelptoyouandyouwillmakeprogressintime.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于书信体中的回复信。考生李华的英国朋友Jack写信说他想学习中文，要求考生请写信回复他。【详解】1.词汇积累给予：give→offer此外：besides→furthermore建议：advice→suggestion由于：becauseof=dueto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I’dliketoofferyousomepracticalsuggestions.拓展句：I’dliketoofferyousomesuggestionswhicharepractical.【点睛】[高分句型1]IwillbealwaysavailableifyouwanttopracticeChinese.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）[高分句型2]Ihopemyadvicewillbeofsomehelptoyouandyouwillmakeprogressintime.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）第二节47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mymumandgrandmadrovemetoa5kmrace.Therewasafiercethunderstorm,andwhenwegotthere,Ihad

18towaitforittopassbeneathanoverhang(屋檐)withtheotherrunners.Istartedtofeelalittlenervous,becausesomeofthepeopletherelookedreallyfast.Theyhadproperrunningshoesandlongskinnylegs.Theywerealldifferentages.Iwasn’twearingrunningclothes;justanormalT-shirtandshorts.Anhouraftertheofficialstarttimeeventhoughitwasstillraining,theraceorganiserssaidwecouldgo.Thatmorning,Iwasrunningconfidentlyandfeelingstrong.Theroutewentthroughaneighbourhoodandtherewerequiteafewpeoplecheeringuson,butIdidn’tseeanyfacesIknew.Itstartedtopouragain,butIloverunningintherain:ItkeepsmecoolandIcankeepgoingforlonger,evenwhenIgettired,whenIrun,Idon’twearawatchtoseewhatdistanceI’mat；Ijustfocusonmoving,breathingandhowmybodyfeels.Atonepoint,Icametoasplit(分叉)inthecourse.Awomanwhowasdirectingusblockedoff(封锁)theroutewhichIwasmeanttotakeandtoldmetogotheotherway,soIfollowedherdirections.Iwasconfused,butjustkeptrunning.IknewImustbeclosetofinishingthe5km,butIcouldn’tseethefinishingline.AfterawhileIsawroutedirectionsfora10kmrace.IwasworriedandthoughtIwaslost,buthadtokeepgoing.Mybodystartedtogettiredandmymusclesalittlesore.Isaidtomyself,“You’realmostthere.Justkeepbreathing.”EventuallyIsawthefinishinglineandspottedmymum.Shelookedangry.Igotpastthelineandshewasyelling,“Whydidyoudothis,Kade?Youareinsomuchtrouble.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Ilearnedwhymymumwasangrylater________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Mymumwentuptotheladywhowastimingtherace.

19________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Ilearnedwhymymumwasangrylater.Whenshedidn’tseemeatthe5kmfinishingline,sheandmygrandmahadgonelookingformeandcouldn’tfindmeanywhere.Theythoughtsomethingbadhadhappened.She’devengivenaphotographofmetoafireman,beforesomeonesaidthey’dspottedmeinthe10km.Isaid,“Ididn’tdothisonpurpose,Mum!Itwasamistake.”ShecalmeddownwhensherealisedIhadn’tintentionallydoneit.IfeltbadthatIhadworriedher.Mymumwentuptotheladywhowastimingtherace.Shetoldmymum,“Hefinishedfirst.Hewontherace.”It’sfunny,becauseinthepicturesofthefinish,thereisnooneinfrontoforbehindme.Icouldn’tbelieveit.Ididn’tevenknowIwasrunninga10kmandIhadwonit.Mymumandmygrandmaweresoexcitedandkepthuggingme.Iwasstilltryingtocatchmybreath.Ifeltsohappyandproud.Itwasmyfirsttimerunningsuchadistance.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次5公里赛跑的过程中，偶遇雷雨天气，即使没有穿专业的跑步服，作者仍然很专注。在一个分叉口，听从了一个女人的指挥，作者错过了5公里的终点线，继续跑到了10公里的终点。妈妈因为在预计的5公里终点线找不到作者，开始搜寻并担心作者。得到了别人给的信息，妈妈等在了10公里的终点线，并且很生气质问作者，作者向妈妈解释了原因，得到了谅解，妈妈和计时员了解到作者优异的成绩，大家都很高兴。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段首句内容“后来我才知道妈妈为什么生气。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈生气的原因和作者做出的解释。②由第二段首句内容“我妈妈走到给比赛计时的女士跟前。”可知第二段可描写计时人员告诉妈妈比赛结果以及妈妈，奶奶和作者的反应。2.续写线索：妈妈对作者跑过5英里终点线感到生气——作者给出解释——得到妈妈谅解——妈妈走到计时员面前询问结果——得到好成绩，皆大欢喜3.词汇激活行为类①寻找：lookfor/searchfor

20②发现：spot/find③相信：believe/havefaithin④拥抱：hug/embrace情绪类①感觉糟糕：feltbad/feelawkward②兴奋的：excited/thrilled【点睛】[高分句型1]She’devengivenaphotographofmetoafireman,beforesomeonesaidthey’dspottedmeinthe10km.（运用了before引导的时间状语从句和省略了引导词that的宾语从句）[高分句型2]It’sfunny,becauseinthepicturesofthefinish,thereisnooneinfrontoforbehindme.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句和therebe句型）听力答案：1-5ACBAC6-10CACAC11-15ACCBA16-20CABCA