河南省郑州市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含解析

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2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题注意事项：本试卷分四部分,考试时间120分钟,满分150分。考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息,然后在答题卡上作答,在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanliketolistentoinhersparetime?A.Poems.B.Advertisements.C.News.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.InthehotelC.Atthetravelcompany.3.Whenarethespeakerstalking?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheevening.C.Intheafternoon.4.Whenwillthemanfinishhisreport?A.At7:30.B.At7:40.C.At8:00.5.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Eatout.B.Bookahotel.C.Orderdishes.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的AB.C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethetwospeakerstalking?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inthebookstore.C.Inthepostoffice.

17.Howmuchshouldthemanpayinall?A.$5B.$12.C.$17.听第7段材料，回答8、9题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers!A.Schoolmates.B.Classmates.C.Deskmates.9.WhydidtheboychangehisschoolA.Susanadvisedhimto.B.Hisfamilymovedthere.C.Hedislikedhisoldschool听第8段材料，回答10-12题。10.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Apoliceman.B.Adriver.C.Adoctor.11.Whatdidthewomanrememberaboutthedriver?A.Helookedafterherallthetime.B.Hewasayoungmanwiththicklips.C.Heranawayquicklyaftertheaccident.12.Whydidthewomangotothebank?A.Topayabill.B.Tochangemoney.听第9段材料，回答13-16题。13.Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?A.Foodinaz00.B.Atriptoaz00.C.Anintroductionofazoo.14.Howlongaretheygoingtostayatthez00?A.About5hours.B.About7hours.C.About8hours.15.Wherewilltheyprobablyatlunch?A.Athome.B.Atthezoo.C.Atarestaurant.16.Whatcantheydoatthezoo?A.Takeseedsforsnakes.B.FeedfoodtoelephantsC.Givelittlebirdsinsects.听第10段材料，回答第17-20题。17.WhatdoesKipoandtheAgeofWonderbeaststellabout?A.Alovestory.B.Atruestory.C.Animaginarystory.18.WhydoesKipocometothegroundsurface?

2A.Tokeepsafe.B.TostaywithMutesC.Tolookforherfather.19.WhatdoyouthinkofKipo?A.Proud.B.BraveC.Humorous.20.Whichisthenewseason'sbiggestattraction?AItsmusic.B.Itsstory.C.Itssetting.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyouwanttomakeadifferenceinyourcommunity,bepartofsomethingbiggerthanyourself,orjustearnsomerequiredvolunteerhours,thentheseorganizationswithvolunteerchancesaregoodchoicesforyou.HabitatforHumanityEveryonedeservestohaveaplacetheycallhome.ByvolunteeringwithHabitatforHumanity,youcanplayaroleinbuildingupyourcommunity.TheirHabitatYouthProgramsacceptvolunteersbetweentheagesof5and40foreverythingfromhomeconstructiontoaffordablehousingadvocacy(宣传).TheHumaneSocietyWhetheryou'eadogpersonoracatperson,youcanjointheHumaneSocietyintheirfightagainstanimalcruelty.Findvolunteerchancesinyourstate,andtakepartinoutreach,phonebanking,orhelpingoutatalocalshelter.MealsonWheelsForthoseteenswhojustgottheirdrivinglicense(驾照)andliketogetbehindthewheel,here'savolunteerchancethatwillmakedrivingworthwhile.MealsonWheelsisonadutytomeetthenutritionalandsocialneedsoftheold.225millionmealshavebeensentsofar.Connectwithyourlocalprovidertofindouthowyoucantakepart.BestBuddiesVolunteerwithBestBuddiestohelpendthesocial,physical,andeconomicIsolation（孤立）of200millionpeoplewithintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilities,andyou'llmakesomenewpalsintheprocess!Joinaschoolchapterorstartyourowntousefriendshipasatoolforawidecommunity.1.WhatcanyoudoasavolunteerofHabitatforHumanity?A.Bringdownhousingprices

3B.Buildhomesforthecommunity.C.Prepareteensfortheirfuturejobs.D.Getmoreteenstojoininvolunteering.2.WhodoesMealsonWheelsofferservicesto?A.Oldpeopleinneed.B.Driversonthestreet.C.Disabledpeoplesufferinghunger.D.Teenseagerforadrivinglicense.3.Whichorganizationisagoodchoiceforpetlovers?A.BestBuddies.B.MealsonWheels.C.HabitatforHumanity.D.TheHumaneSociety.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有志愿者机会，且可以使自己在社区有所作为的组织。1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ByvolunteeringwithHabitatforHumanity,youcanplayaroleinbuildingupyourcommunity.（通过志愿服务于人类家园，你可以在建立你的社区中扮演一个角色。）”可知，作为人类家园的志愿者可以为社区建设家园。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“MealsonWheelsisonadutytomeetthenutritionalandsocialneedsoftheold.（“送餐上门”有责任满足老年人的营养和社会需求。）”可知，上门送餐服务是为有需要的老人提供服务的。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段TheHumaneSociety部分“Whetheryou'eadogpersonoracatperson,youcanjointheHumaneSocietyintheirfightagainstanimalcruelty.（无论你是爱狗人士还是爱猫人士，你都可以加入动物保护协会，与动物虐待作斗争。）”可知，宠物爱好者可以选择TheHumaneSociety（动物保护协会）。故选D项。BWhenIwokeuponAug.4,2016,therewasonlyonethingonmymind:whattowear.Abillionthoughtsracedthroughmybraininthecloset.Ididn'twanttocomeoffastryingtoohard,butIalsodidn'twanttobeseenasalazy

4anduntidyperson.Notonlywasitmyfirstdayofhighschool,butitwasmyfirstdayofschoolinanewstate.Firstimpressionsareeverything,anditwasimportantformetoimpressthepeoplewhoIwouldspendthenextfouryearswith.Thiswasmythirdtimebeinganewkid.ButthistimewasdifferentbecausemydadpromisedthatIwouldstartandfinishhighschoolinthesameplace.Thistimemattered,andthatmademenervous.Aftermeticulouslysearchingmycloset,IproudlycameoutinadressfromTarget.Thesoftcottonwascomfortable,andtheruffledshouldersaddedabitoffun.Yes,thisoutfitwastheone.Anhourlater,IfeltpowerfulasIheadedtowardRoom1136.ButasIentered,myjawdroppedtothefloor.SittingatherdeskwasMrs.Hutfilz,myEnglishteacher,wearingexactlythesamedressasme.Ikeptmyheaddownandtiptoedtomyseat.Imadeitthroughmyminuteintroductionspeechuntilshestoodup,jokinglyaddingthatshelikedmystyle.AlthoughthiswasthemomentIhadbeenafraidoffromthemomentIwalkedin,allmyanxietysurprisinglymeltedaway,andthestudentspaidattentionasIsharedmystory.MysmilegrewasIlaughedwiththestudents.Afterclass,IstayedbehindandtalkedtoMrs.Hutfilz,relievedtomakeahumorousandrealconnection.Lookingbackfouryearslater,thetenminutesIspentafraidofgivingmyspeechwerereallynotworthit.MyfirstperiodofhighschoolcertainlymadethedayunforgettableinthebestwayandtaughtmethatMrs.Hutfilzhadanawesomesenseofstyle!4.Whydidtheauthorcareaboutherclothesonherfirsthighschoolday?A.ShewaspickyaboutclothesB.Shefollowedherfather'sadvice.C.Shewantedtoleaveagoodimpression.D.Shecaredtoomuchaboutherappearance.5.Theunderlinedword"meticulously"inParagraph3probablymeans"A.CarefullyB.graduallyC.regularlyD.suddenly6.Howdidtheauthorfeelafternoticingherteacher'sdress?A.Calm.B.Uneasy.C.ProudD.Powerful.7.Whydidtheauthorwritethearticle?A.Toexplorethetipsondressing.B.Toshowhergoodtasteinclothes.CToshareamemorableexperience.

5D.TointroduceherstylishEnglishteacher【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在高中开学第一天非常重视自己的穿着，想给周围的人留下一个好印象。结果，当作者进入教室的时候，却发现自己穿着和老师同样的衣服。作者又尴尬又紧张。但是老师以开玩笑的口吻化解了作者的紧张。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Notonlywasitmyfirstdayofhighschool,butitwasmyfirstdayofschoolinanewstate.Firstimpressionsareeverything,anditwasimportantformetoimpressthepeoplewhoIwouldspendthenextfouryearswith.（这不仅是我上高中的第一天，也是我在一个新州上学的第一天。第一印象很重要，对我来说，给我接下来四年要相处的人留下好印象很重要。）”可知，作者在高中第一天非常重视穿着的原因是她想给周围的人留下好的印象。故选C项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Firstimpressionsareeverything,anditwasimportantformetoimpressthepeoplewhoIwouldspendthenextfouryearswith.（第一印象很重要，对我来说，给我接下来四年要相处的人留下好印象很重要。）”以及第三段“IproudlycameoutinadressfromTarget.（我骄傲地穿着Target的裙子走了出来）”可知，作者很想给周围的人留下好的印象。她很重视自己开学第一天的着装。所以，她在找衣服的时候非常仔细，非常认真。“meticulously”意思是认真地。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ButasIentered,myjawdroppedtothefloor.（但当我进去时，我的下巴落在了地板上。）”以及第四段“SittingatherdeskwasMrs.Hutfilz,myEnglishteacher,sportingexactlythesamedressasme.Ikeptmyheaddownandtiptoedtomyseat.（坐在她桌前的是我的英语老师Hutfilz夫人，她穿着和我一模一样的衣服。我低着头，踮着脚尖走到座位上。）”可知，作者进入教室的时候，发现英语老师和她穿着同样的衣服。她和老师“撞衫”了。作者低下头，踮着脚尖走到了自己的座位上。由此推知，作者此时应该非常“不安”。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。结合文章大意，再通过文章最后一段“MyfirstperiodofhighschoolcertainlymadethedayunforgettableinthebestwayandtaughtmethatMrs.Hutfilzhasanawesomesenseofstyle！(我高中第一节课无疑以最好的方式让这一天难以忘怀，也让我知道了Hutfilz夫人有一种极好的时尚感！)”可推知，作者写这篇文章就是为了和读者分享这个令人难忘的经历。故选C项。

6CIt'ssaidthatmakingfriendsgetsharderwhenyougetolder.Peoplesettleintotheirexistingfriendshipsduringchildhoodoratuniversity.However,newresearchsuggeststhat'snotwhathappens.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,theagegroupthatfeelsleastconfidentinchattingtostrangersisthoseaged18to24.Similarly,itwasfoundthat59%ofMillennials(千禧一代)spendmoretimechattingtofriendsonsocialmediathantheydoseeingtheminpersonAuthorandexpertonfriendship,KateLeaver,said,"Youngpeoplearenotconfidentwhenspeakingtostrangersnotonlybecausethey'reafraidofrefusal,butalsobecausethey'vereallybeensociallyconditionednotto.Previousgenerationshadamuchstrongersenseofcommunityinpublic,sharedspaces.Wedon'thaveasmuchaccess(接近)tothatbecausethewaywestructureourmodernlivesmeanswearelessintouchwithourcommunities.Sharedpublicspaceslikeparksandlibraries-placeswherepeoplemightgetclosetoastranger-arebeingshutdown."Laura,27,hatesmeetingnewpeople.Themajorityofherfriendsarefromuniversitydays."I'mprettychattyandopenwhenIgettoknowsomeone,butduringthatfirstmeeting,I'mveryshy.Igetveryanxiousaboutwhattotalkabout,andpeoplejudgingmeorjustnotunderstandingmysenseofhumor."Butnotallyoungpeoplefeelthesameway.Hayley,31,regularlymeetspeopleinunusualwaysandmakesfriendswiththem."IbecamegoodfriendswithsomeonewhoImetontheplane,"shesaid."Itjustshowshowyoucanreallyconnectwhenyou'reoffline."Ifyou'recomfortablewithyourpresentfriendshipsituation,that'sgreat.But,ifyoudowanttoenlargeyoursocialcircle,herearesometips.Avoidunpleasantsilencesbysearchingforpeoplewithcommoninterests-joinabookcluboralocalsportsteam.Ifitistoostressful,therearesomefriendshipappsthatyoucanuse.Or,strikeupaconversationwithsomeoneinapublicplace.8.Whatcanwegetfromtherecentsurvey?A.SeniorsprefertomakefriendsonlineB.TeensspendlesstimeonfriendsthanbeforeC.Makingfriendsgetsharderwhenyou'reolder.D.Youngpeoplebuildrelationshipswithdifficulty.9.Theunderlinedword"that"inParagraph2probablyrefersto"A.refusalB.astranger

7CthesenseofcommunityD.thesocialcondition10.WhatproblemdoesLaurahavewhensocializing?A.Shefailstocontactheroldfriends.B.Sheisskilledatmakingnewfriends.C.Shepreferstomakenewfriendsonline.D.Sheisunwillingtogetclosetonewpeople.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Developingasenseofhumor.B.Enlargingfriendcirclesoffline.C.Joininggroupswithsharedinterests.D.Keepingstrongtieswitholdfriends.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.C【解析】这是一篇议论文。主要介绍了通过研究表明，并不是越长大越难交到朋友，现在的很多年轻人也陷入了交友困境中，并在最后给出建议，如果想要扩大交友圈，可以尝试加入到兴趣相投的群体中去。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Accordingtoarecentsurvey,theagegroupthatfeelsleastconfidentinchattingtostrangersisthoseaged18to24.Similarly,itwasfoundthat59%ofMillennials(千禧一代)spendmoretimechattingtofriendsonsocialmediathantheydoseeingtheminperson.”（根据最近的调查，在18~24岁这个年龄段的群体在与陌生人的交谈中缺乏自信，同样的是，发现千禧一代中有59%，相比较私下见面，花在社交平台上与朋友交流的时间更多。）可知，通过最近的调查可以得知，年轻一辈的人在建立关系时很困难。故选D。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Previousgenerationshadamuchstrongersenseofcommunityinpublic,sharedspaces.”（前几代的人在公共场合和共享空间里都有很强的群体意识。）以及“becausethewaywestructureourmodernlivesmeanswearelessintouchwithourcommunities.”（因为我们构造的现代生活的方式就已经意味着我们与群体接触更少了。）可知，此处的that指的是前后文所提到的thesenseofcommunities。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“butduringthatfirstmeeting,I'mveryshy.Igetveryanxiousaboutwhattotalkabout,

8andpeoplejudgingmeorjustnotunderstandingmysenseofhumor.”（但是在初次见面的时候，我就会很害羞，我会担心要说什么，别人怎么评价我，或者是不理解我的幽默感。）说明，Laura在社交中的问题就是，因为自己的担心害怕，而不愿意与刚认识的人亲近。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Avoidunpleasantsilencesbysearchingforpeoplewithcommoninterests.”（可以通过寻找有共同兴趣的人来避免不愉快的沉默。）以及后文举的一些例子可知，作者最后一段想要说明，想要扩大社交圈，可以选择加入有着共同兴趣爱好的群体。故选C。DLastyearmarkedthe20thanniversaryoftheMillenniumSeedBank(MSB).OnNov.20,2000,PrinceCharlesopenedthehugeseedbankinSussex,UK,whichhasnowcollectedandstored2.4billionseeds,makingitthelargestintheworld."Theseedbankhasneverplayedsuchanimportantrolebecauseoftheplanet'scomingbiodiversitycrisis(生物多样性危机)withtwo-fifthsoftheworld'splantsattheriskofdisappearing,"saidKewCardens,whichoperatestheproject.Well,howdoestheseedbankwork?Scientistsfromallovertheworldcollectendangeredandusefulwildspecies,puttheminapaperbagtopreventthemfromgettingmoldy(发霉的),andsendthemtotheseedbank.OncetheseedsarriveattheMSB,they'redriedandkeptinaroomwith15percenthumidity(湿度).Next,they'recleanedusingdifferenttoolsandseparatedfromdebris(碎片).Afterthat,X-raysensurethattheseedsareundamagedandthatnoinsectsarehiddeninsideTheseedsarethenfrozen,storedinairtightcontainersandplacedinhugefreezersat-20℃Cforlong-termstorage."Thelowtemperatureallowstheseedstobekeptfortensofyearsandreawakenedwhenrequired,"saidMichaelWay,ascientistattheMSB.TheMSBisnottheonlyseedbank.There'reover1,000seedbanksallovertheworld.TheSvalbardInternationalSeedVaultopenedinFeb.2008,andnowholdsmorethan1millionseeds.ItliesdeepinafrozenArcticmountaininLongyearbyen,Norway.Thespecialconstructionmakessurethatitremainscompleteincaseofanynaturaldisasters.ChinaalsohasitsownNoah'sArk(诺亚方舟),whichisoneoftheonly2biologicalgermplasm(种质)banksbuiltbasedoninternationalstandards.Asahugeproject,itincludesaseedbank,aDNAbank,amicrobial(微生物的)bankandananimalgermplasmbank.AsEarthisfacinghugeproblemslikeclimatechange,theseseedbanksaresurelyimportanttoprotectthefutureoftheworld'sfoodsupply.12.WhatcanbeknownabouttheMillenniumSeedBank?A.Itwasorganizedtenyearsago.

9B.Itselectsseedsandwildlifespecies.C.Itwasbuilttoexplorebiologicaldiversity.D.Ithasmoreseedsthananyotherseedbank.13.Whydoscientistsusepaperbagstostoreendangeredandusefulwildspecies?A.Totakethemasawhole.B.Tokeepthemwetandalive.C.Toprotectthemfrominsects.D.Tostopthemfromgettingbad.14.Whatistobedonewiththeseedsafterthey'reX-rayedattheMSB?A.Separatingthemfromdebris.B.Cleaningthemusingdifferenttools.C.Storingtheminairtightcontainersafterthey'refrozen.D.Puttingtheminalargeroomwith15percenthumidity.15.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Otherseedbanksintheworld.B.Differentwaystoprotectseeds.C.Theimportanceofbuildingseedbanks.D.Seedbanksforspeciesotherthanplants【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了千年种子银行和其他的种子库，并介绍了储存种子的方法和建立种子库的重要性。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“OnNov.20,2000,PrinceCharlesopenedthehugeseedbankinSussex,UK,whichhasnowcollectedandstored2.4billionseeds,makingitthelargestintheworld.（2000年11月20日，查尔斯王子在英国苏塞克斯郡建立了一个巨大的种子库，目前已经收集和储存了2.4亿颗种子，成为世界上最大的种子库。）”可知，千年种子银行的种子比其他任何种子银行的种子都多。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Scientistsfromallovertheworldcollectendangeredandusefulwildspecies,puttheminapaperbagtopreventthemfromgettingmoldy(发霉的),andsendthemtotheseedbank.

10（来自世界各地的科学家收集濒危和有用的野生物种，把它们放在一个纸袋里，防止它们发霉，然后把它们送到种子银行。）”可知，科学家们用纸袋来储存濒危和有用的野生物种是为了防止种子变坏。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Afterthat,X-raysensurethattheseedsareundamagedandthatnoinsectsarehiddeninsideTheseedsarethenfrozen,storedinairtightcontainersandplacedinhugefreezersat-20℃Cforlong-termstorage.（然后，用X光检查确保种子完好无损，种子内没有昆虫，然后冷冻，储存在密封的容器中，并放置在-20℃的大冰柜中长期保存。）”可知，种子在千年种子银行进行x光检查后冷冻，存放在密封的容器中。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“"Theseedbankhasneverplayedsuchanimportantrolebecauseoftheplanet'scomingbiodiversitycrisis(生物多样性危机)withtwo-fifthsoftheworld'splantsattheriskofdisappearing,"saidKewCardens,whichoperatestheproject.（“这个种子库从来没有发挥过如此重要的作用，因为地球即将面临生物多样性危机，世界上五分之二的植物面临消失的危险，”负责这个项目的KewCardens说。）”可以推断，第三段主要介绍了建立种子库的重要性。故选C项。第二节（共计小题；第小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Alittlekindnessgoesalongway.Herearefourwaystoincludeactsofkindnessintoyournextfamilyvacation.※Packanattitudeofthankfulness.Leaveimpatiencebehindandofferthankstothoseyoumeetalongtheway.Frombusdriverstotourguides,encouragekidstosay"thankyou".___16___Ifyouloveyourhotelstayorshipexperience,leaveanotecongratulatingthewholecrewforajobwelldone.※NoticeeverythingaroundyouEncouragekidstotakenoteoftheelderlyorthedisabledwhomightbestandinginacrowdedbusorhallwhiletheyoungsitinchairs.Discusshowofferingaseatoropeningadoorcanbehelpful.___17___※Packwithapurpose___18___TheorganizationPackforaPurposeworksin60countriestohelptravelerscontributetothoseinneed.Whetheryouputpencils,asoccerballorabookinyourbag,youandyourfamilywillreturnhomeknowingyou'vehelpedspreadkindnessbeyondyourownbackyard.※___19___Researchyourdestination(目的地)todetermineifthereisachancetocombinehealthyexercisewiththe

11chancetogivebackinyourdestination.Askyouhotelaboutchancesorconnectwiththelocaltourismorganizationforideas.___20___Ifthereisacharity(慈善团体)yousupportorhaveinterestinathome,givethemacalltoseeiftheycanprovideaphonenumberatyourdestination.A.Doregularexerciseeveryday.B.Walk,runorbikeforcharityC.ConsiderleavingahandwrittennotealongwithyourtipD.Encouragetheparentsmanaginganoisychildtogoaheadinline.E.Teachingkidstobegratefulhasapositiveinfluenceontheirhealth.F.Searchforalocalanimalprotectionorganizationtohelphomelessanimals.G.Bringnecessarythingsthatwillmakeadifferenceinthelivesofothersonyourtrip.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.B20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一点小小的善意就能起到很大的作用。文章讲述了在家庭旅行中加入善举的四种方法。【详解】1.后文“Ifyouloveyourhotelstayorshipexperience,leaveanotecongratulatingthewholecrewforajobwelldone.”（如果你喜欢住酒店或在船上的经历，留下一张便条，祝贺所有船员的出色工作。）对应选项C中的leavingahandwrittennote，所以选项C（考虑在给小费的时候留下一张手写的便条）切合文意。故选C。2.前句“Encouragekidstotakenoteoftheelderlyorthedisabledwhomightbestandinginacrowdedbusorhallwhiletheyoungsitinchairs.”（当年轻人坐在椅子上时，鼓励孩子们关心站在拥挤的公共汽车或大厅里的老人或残疾人。）对应选项D中的Encouragetheparents。所以选项D（鼓励管理吵闹的孩子的父母按顺序前进。）切合文意。故选D。3.后文“Whetheryouputpencils,asoccerballorabookinyourbag,youandyourfamilywillreturnhomeknowingyou'vehelpedspreadkindnessbeyondyourownbackyard.”（无论你是把铅笔、足球还是一本书放进包里，你和你的家人回到家时都会知道，你帮助传播了超出自家后院的善良。）中的“pencils,asoccerballorabook”对应选项G（带上必要的东西，这将改变你旅途中其他人的生活。）中的necessarythings，spreadkindnessbeyondyourownbackyard对应选项G中的makeadifferenceinthelivesofothers。所以选项G切合文意。故选G。4.后文“Researchyourdestination(目的地)todetermineifthereisachancetocombinehealthyexercisewiththechancetogivebackinyourdestination.”（研究你的目的地，以确定是否有机会将健康锻炼和返回目的地的机会相结合。）中的healthyexercise对应选项B中的Walk,

12run，所以选项B（为慈善事业步行、跑步或骑自行车）切合文意。故选B。5.前文“Askyouhotelaboutchancesorconnectwiththelocaltourismorganizationforideas”（向你的酒店询问一些机会，或者联系当地的旅游组织征求意见）中的local对应选项F中的local，所以选项F（寻找当地的动物保护组织来帮助无家可归的动物。）符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，第小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIwantedtogetintomylittledaughter'sroomoneevening,stopped.Throughthecrackofthedoor,Isawherplayingalone.Inonehandwasplastic___21___andintheother,atoybroom.I___22___calmlyasshewasspeakingtohermake-believelittlefriendandI'llneverforgetthewordsshesaid___23___itwasJustapretence（假装）.Shesaid,"Rosaisinthecornerbecauseshehasn'tbeenvery___24___andquietlately.Shedidn'tlistentomeordowhatsheshould."InthecornerIsawherbabydoll.Itwas___25___thatshe'dbeenputtheretosit___26___andthinkbyherself.Mydaughterwentonwithher"___27___",asIsatdownonthefloor.Shesaid"I'm___28___ofallthis.Ireallydon'tknowhowto___29___heranymore.ShecrieswheneverIhavetoworkandwantstoplaygames,too.Shenever___30___metodothethingsIjusthaveto.Shetriestohelpmewiththedishes,butherarmscan'treach.Idon'thavetheenergytoteach.Ihavemuchworktodoandabighousetokeep___31___.Idon'thavetimetositandplay-understandwhatImean?"Later,IthoughtaboutmakingchangesinmylifeasIlistenedtoher___32___wordsthatcutmelikeaknife.Ididn'tpayenough___33___towhatIcaremostabout.I'dbeencaughtupinresponsibilitiesthat___34___throughouttheyear.Butnowmy___35___hasgreatlychangedbecauseinmyheartIrealizethatI'veseentheworldina___36___waythroughmydaughter'seyes.So,justletthespiderwebstakeupthecornersandthedustytoyrabbit___37___thefloor.Anyway,I'mnotgoingto___38___themanymore.I'mgoingtofillthehousewith___39___ofachildandhermotherbecausewe'regivenonlyonechildhood,andwe'll___40___getanother.21.A.phoneB.blockC.toyD.speaker22.A.thoughtB.movedC.listenedD.worked23.A.asifB.nowthatC.sothatD.eventhough24.A.carefulB.goodC.reliableD.serious

1325.A.possibleB.sensitiveC.strangeD.clear26.A.somewhereB.straightC.aloneD.anyhow27.A.opinionB.conversationC.expressionD.story28.A.sureB.tiredC.fondD.afraid29.A.dealwithB.careaboutC.turntoD.relyon30.A.persuadesB.helpsC.allowsD.requests31.A.safeB.quietC.comfortableD.tidy32.A.simpleB.foolishC.harmfulD.empty33.A.patienceB.attentionC.confidenceD.importance34.A.changedB.fellC.increasedD.escaped35.A.goalB.decisionC.lifeD.attitude36.A.differentB.peacefulC.friendlyD.clever37.A.cleanB.coverC.decorateD.rule38.A.getintoB.worryaboutC.watchoverD.sufferfrom39.A.memoriesB.gamesC.wishesD.promises40.A.hardlyB.everC.neverD.even【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.D26.C27.B28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.B34.C35.D36.A37.D38.B39.A40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一个妈妈，她偶然间听到小女儿拿着塑料电话假装和小朋友抱怨她的娃娃苏西，而这些话就是平时她对女儿说的。这引起了作者的反思，并认为要做一些必要的改变了。作者希望让屋子里充满一个孩子和她母亲的回忆。【详解】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一只手拿着塑料电话，另一只手拿着玩具扫帚。A.phone电话；B.block街区；C.toy玩具；D.speaker演讲者，扬声器。根据下文“asshewasspeakingtohermake-believelittlefriend”可知，此处表示塑料电话。故选A。2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我静静地听着她和那个假装的小朋友说话，我永远不会忘记她说的那些话，即使那只是假装的。A.thought认为，思考；B.moved感动；C.listened听；D.worked工作。根据下文“calmlyasshewasspeakingtohermake-believelittlefriend”可知，此处表示静静地听。故选C。3.考查连词词义辨析。句意：我静静地听着她和那个假装的小朋友说话，我永远不会忘记她说的那些话，即使那只是假装的。A.asif好像，仿佛；B.nowthat既然；C.sothat以便，所以；D.eventhough即使，虽然。根据“itwasjustapretence”可知，此处表示即使。故选D。

144.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：苏西呆在角落里，因为她最近表现不太好。A.careful小心的，仔细的；B.good好的；C.reliable可靠的；D.serious严肃的。根据下文“Shedidn’tlistentomeordowhatsheshould”可知，她不听我的，也不做她该做的事。所以，此处表示表现不太好。故选B。5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，她被放在那儿是为了独自坐着，一个人思考。A.possible可能的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.strange奇怪的；D.clear明显的，显著的。根据上文“InthecornerIsawherbabydoll”可知，此处表示明显能看出来。故选D。6.考查副词词义辨析。句意：很明显，她被放在那儿是为了独自坐着，一个人思考。A.somewhere在某处；B.straight径直地；直接地；C.alone独自地；D.anyhow无论如何，不管怎样。根据下文“andthinkbyherself”，可知，此处表示独自坐着。故选C。7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在地板上，女儿继续她的“谈话”。A.opinion意见；B.conversation交谈，会话；C.expression表情；D.story故事。根据上文“asshewasspeakingtohermake-believelittlefriend”可知，此处表示女儿继续假装和小朋友的“谈话”。故选B。8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我厌倦了这一切。”A.sure确定的；B.tired厌倦的；C.fond喜爱的；D.afraid害怕的。根据上文中“Shedidn'tlistentomeordowhatsheshould.”可知，此处是说她讨厌这一切。故选B。9.考查短语词义辨析。句意：我真的不知道该怎么应付她了。A.dealwith应付，处理；B.careabout关心；C.turnto转向；D.relyon依赖。结合上文“I'm　8　ofallthis.”及下文“ShecrieswheneverIhavetowork”可知，此处指不知道如何应付她。故选A。10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从不允许我做我必须做的事。A.persuades说服；B.helps帮助；C.allows允许；D.requests要求。根据上文“ShecrieswheneverIhavetoworkandwantstoplaygames,too.”可知，此处指她不允许我做我必须做的事。故选C。11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有很多工作要做，有一个大房子要保持整洁。A.safe安全的；B.quiet安静的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.tidy整洁的，整齐的。根据上文“abighousetokeep”可知，此处表示保持房子的整洁。故选D。12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随后，当我听着她那些简单的话语时，我的心像刀子一样刺痛着我，我想到在我的生活中做一些改变。A.simple简单的；B.foolish愚蠢的；C.harmful有害的；D.empty空的。根据上文中“I'm　8　ofallthis.Ireallydon'tknowhowto　9　heranymore....”可知，此处表示对女儿来说，这些话是简单的抱怨。故选A。13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有足够重视我关心的事情。A.patience耐心；B.attention注意；C.confidence信心；D.importance重要性。根据下文“I'mgoingtofillthehousewith　19　ofachildandhermotherbecausewe'regivenonlyonechildhood,andwe'll　　20　　get

15another.”可知，我要让这个房子充满孩子和她母亲的回忆，因为我们只有一个童年，再也不会有另一个了。所以，此处指我没有关注我最应该关心的。选项B符合题意。故选B。14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一年来，我的责任越来越重。A.changed改变；B.fell落下；C.increased增加；D.escaped逃离。根据“I’dbeencaughtupinresponsibilities”可知，此处表示责任增加了。故选C。15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在我的态度有了很大的改变，因为在我心里，我意识到通过我的小女儿的眼睛，我以一种不同的方式看待这个世界。A.goal目标；B.decision决定；C.life生活；D.attitude态度。根据下文“hasgreatlychanged”可知，此处表示态度有了很大的改变。故选D。16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但现在我的态度有了很大的改变，因为在我心里，我意识到通过我的小女儿的眼睛，我以一种不同的方式看待这个世界。A.different不同的；B.peaceful和平的；C.friendly友好的；D.clever聪明的。根据下文“throughmylittlegirl’seyes”可知，此处表示以一种不同的方式。故选A。17.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以让蜘蛛网占据角落，让玩具兔子统治地板吧。A.clean清扫；B.cover覆盖；C.decorate装饰；D.rule统治。根据上文“letthespiderwebstakeupthecornersandthedustytoyrabbit”可知，此处表示让蜘蛛网占据角落，让玩具兔统治地板吧，旨在突出把注意力从家务转移到与孩子的相处，故选D。18.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不会再担心它们了。A.getinto进入，穿上；B.worryabout担心；C.watchover照看；照料；D.sufferfrom遭遇。根据上文中“I'mnotgoingto及下文“themanymore”可知，此处表示我不会再担心它们了，即：布偶在过渡强调房间的清洁，孩子可以在屋子里尽情地玩耍。故选B。19.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要让屋子里充满一个孩子和她母亲的回忆，因为我们只有一个童年，永不会有第二个了。A.memories回忆，记忆；B.games比赛，游戏；C.wishes愿望；D.promises承诺。根据上文中“I'mgoingtofillthehousewith”及下文中“achildandhermother”可知，此处表示回忆。故选A。20.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我要让屋子里充满一个孩子和她母亲的回忆，因为我们只有一个童年，永不会有第二个了。A.hardly几乎不；B.ever曾经；C.never永不，从不；D.even甚至。根据上文“becausewe'regivenonlyonechildhood”可知，此处表示永不会有第二个童年。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。ButterflyConservation(蝴蝶保护)isaterm,___41___describestheworkofanumberofdifferentorganizationsworldwidethataskforhelpinspeciesrecovery,andpubliceducationtowardsthegoalof___42___(protect)theendangeredbutterflyspeciesinthewild.They___43___(actual)appearinmanycountries,includingtheUnitedKingdomandtheUnitedStates.Theat-riskbutterfliesfacealotofdifferentthreats.Theseincludethedecreaseofbreeding(繁殖)orhabitatas

16aresult___44___theactofcuttingdowntreesornaturaldisasters.Otherfactorsthatarethreateningsomevarietiesofbutterfliesincludehunters,diseasesandsoon.ButterflyConservationismanaging___45___(decrease)theinfluenceofthesethreatsonspecialbutterflyspecies.Intheprocessofbutterflyconservation,thenatureofrecoverycanbedifferent___46___(depend)ontheneedsofaspecialpopulation.Somezooshavebeentakingpartincaptiverearing(圈养)___47___thenthewildreleaseofcertainbutterflyspecies.Forexample,anothertypeofbutterflyrecoverywasthatthey___48___(release)manycaterpillars(毛虫)intotwoUnitedStatesnational___49___(park)tosupportawildpopulationofMiamibluebutterfliesin2014.Luckily,insomeareas,personalhelpisbeing_____50_____(offer)bymanylandownersbymakingtheirhousesbackyardhabitatsforbutterflies.【答案】41.which42.protecting43.actually44.of45.todecrease46.depending47.and48.released49.parks50.offered【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了“蝴蝶保护”是一个专业术语，是指那些对蝴蝶物种进行保护和恢复的工作，详细介绍了保护过程中的措施和方法。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：蝴蝶保护是一个术语，它是指一种工作，这种工作是指全世界许多不同的组织来呼吁帮助物种恢复，以及进行以保护野生濒危蝴蝶物种为目标的公共教育。分析句子和句意可知，该空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为term（术语），所以用关系词which。故填which。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：蝴蝶保护是一个术语，它是指一种工作，这种工作是指全世界许多不同的组织来呼吁帮助物种恢复，以及进行以保护野生濒危蝴蝶物种为目标的公共教育。介词of后接动词ing形式。故填protecting。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：他们确实出现在许多国家，包括英国和美国。分析句子可知，appear为动词，所以该空应该用副词修饰动词appear。故填actually。【44题详解】

17考查固定短语。句意：其中包括由砍伐树木和自然灾害导致的繁殖量和栖息地的减少。根据句意可知，繁殖量和栖息地的减少是由于砍伐树木和自然灾害导致的，asaresultof为固定短语，意为：由于。故填of。【45题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：蝴蝶保护正设法减少特殊蝴蝶物种所受到的威胁的影响。分析句子，bemanagingtodosth为固定动词短语，意为：设法做某事，所以该空处的动词应该使用不定式形式。故填todecrease。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在蝴蝶保护的过程中，恢复性质的不同取决于一类物种的需要。分析句子，已有谓语动词canbe，此处使用非谓语形式，现在分词作状语。故填depending。【47题详解】考查连词。句意：一些动物园已经采取了圈养，然后将某些种类的蝴蝶放生。分析句子和句意，andthen是固定词组，意为：于是，然后。故填and。【48题详解】考查谓语动词和时态。句意：例如，另一类恢复蝴蝶的方式就是在2014年，他们向美国的两个国家公园释放了很多毛虫来供养一种叫Miami的蓝色蝴蝶种群。分析句子可知，release为谓语动词且时态为一般过去时。故填released。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：例如，另一类恢复蝴蝶的方式就是在2014年，他们向美国的两个国家公园释放了很多毛虫来供养一种叫Miami的蓝色蝴蝶种群。根据数词two可以得出，名词park应该用复数形式。故填parks。【50题详解】考查被动语态。句意：幸运的是，在有些地区，许多土地所有者提供了个人的帮助，就是把他们的房屋后院当做蝴蝶的栖息地。分析句子，名词help与动词offer之间是被动关系，且isbeingoffered是现在进行时的被动语态。故填offered。第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

18注意：1,每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2,只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。WhenIwas14,IleftschoolwithleaningdisabilitiesanddecidetodosomethingdifferentinCalifornia.Onemorning,IwaswalkingonthestreetwhileImetanoldman.Aftertalkingforalongwhile,hetoldmethathehadsomethingshowmeandsharewithme.Wewalkedforseveralblocksandthenwearrivedatapubliclibrary,thatIwasaskedtositdownandwaitamoment.Late,hereturnedhappilywithsomeoldbookandsatbesideme."TherearetwothingsIwanttotellyou,"hesaid."Oneisnevertojudgeabookthroughitscover.Theotheristolearnhowtoread.Wisdomistheonlythingthatwillneverbetakingawayfromyou."Heaskedmedon'ttoforgetwhathehadtaughtmewhenweleft.【答案】1.decide→decided2.while→when3.在show前面添加to4.去掉for5.that→where6.Late→Later7.book→books8.through→by9.taking→taken10.don’t→not/never【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了老人教作者不要从封面判断一本书和学习如何阅读的故事。【详解】1.考查时态。句意：在我14岁的时候，我离开了学校，因为我有学习障碍，我决定在加州做些不一样的事情。根据前文“WhenIwas14”和“left”可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，应用一般过去时。故将decide改为decided。2.考查状语从句连接词。句意：一天早上，我在街上散步时遇到了一位老人。分析句子可知，此句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，主句“Iwaswalkingonthestreet”为过去进行时，从句“Imetanoldman”为一般过去时，且met为非延续动词，应用when引导。故将while改为when。3.考查固定搭配。句意：聊了很久之后，他告诉我他有东西要给我看并与我分享。“havesomethingtodo”意为“有事情要做”，是固定搭配。故在show前面添加to。

194.考查及物动词。句意：我们走了几个街区，然后来到了一个公共图书馆，我被要求坐下来等一会儿。此处表示“走过……”，“walk”为及物动词直接加宾语，应去掉介词。故去掉for。5.考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：我们走了几个街区，然后来到了一个公共图书馆，我被要求坐下来等一会儿。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，指代主句“apubliclibrary”，应用关系副词“where”。故将that改为where。6.考查副词。句意：后来，他高兴地拿着一些旧书回来，坐在我身边。分析句子可知，此处位于句首，用逗号隔开，应为副词作状语，表示“后来”，应用“later”。故将Late改为Later。7.考查名词复数。句意：后来，他高兴地拿着一些旧书回来，坐在我身边。根据“some”，可知，此处应用名词复数。故将book改为books。8.考查固定搭配。句意：不要以貌取人。此处表示“根据……作出判断”，应用“judge…by…”，是固定搭配。故将through改为by。9.考查语态。句意：智慧是唯一永远不会从你身上被夺走的东西。从句主语为“Wisdom”，与“takeaway”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故将taking改为taken。10.考查固定搭配。句意：他要我离开时不要忘记他教给我的东西。此处表示“要求某人不要做某事”应用“asksbnot/nevertodosth”，是固定搭配。故将don’t改为not或者never。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华,你的美国笔友Peter最近发邮件说他想了解你居住的地方近年来发生的变化,请用英语回复。注意：1.词数100左右;2,可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3,开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。DearPeter,Yours,

20LiHua【答案】DearPeter,I’mgladtointroducetoyouthegreatchangesinmyhometownyoudesiretoknow.MyhometownZhengzhou,capitalofHenanprovince,haschangedgreatlyinrecentyears.Withhigh-speedrailwaysrunninginalldirectionsandmoresubwaylinesunderconstruction,thepublictransportationisswiftlydeveloping,offeringuseasierwaystotravelaround.Effectivestepshavebeentakentobeautifyourenvironment,whichbringsusaclearerblueskyandfresherair.You’llseebroadstreetslinedwithtalltreesandbeautifulflowers,andpeopleofdifferentagesbathedinthesunshineinthenewly-builtparks.Ourlifehereismoreattractive,peacefulandcomfortable.Welcometomyhometown,afast-developingcity!Bestwishes!【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友Peter写封邮件，介绍居住的地方近年来发生的变化。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和一般现在时，少量现在完成时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.表达问候2.介绍居住的地方近年来发生的变化第二步:列提纲（重点词组）begladto;introducetosbsth;desiretodo;inalldirections;underconstruction;offersbsth;travelaround;bathin第三步：连词成句1.I’mgladtointroducetoyouthegreatchangesinmyhometownyoudesiretoknow.2.MyhometownZhengzhou,capitalofHenanprovince,haschangedgreatlyinrecentyears.3.Withhigh-speedrailwaysrunninginalldirectionsandmoresubwaylinesunderconstruction,thepublictransportationisswiftlydeveloping,offeringuseasierwaystotravelaround.

214.Effectivestepshavebeentakentobeautifyourenvironment,whichbringsusaclearerblueskyandfresherair.5.You’llseebroadstreetslinedwithtalltreesandbeautifulflowers,andpeopleofdifferentagesbathedinthesunshineinthenewly-builtparks.6.Ourlifehereismoreattractive,peacefulandcomfortable.7.Welcometomyhometown,afast-developingcity!根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…Andthen,Finally,Intheend,Atlast（供参考）2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,InadditionAswellas,notonly…but(also),including（供参考）3.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but,Although+clause(从句),Inspiteof+n/doing,Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…Some…,whileothers…,asfor,so…that…（供参考）4.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mgladtointroducetoyouthegreatchangesinmyhometownyoudesiretoknow.省略关系代词that的限制性定语从句。[高分句型2]Withhigh-speedrailwaysrunninginalldirectionsandmoresubwaylinesunderconstruction,thepublictransportationisswiftlydeveloping,offeringuseasierwaystotravelaround.运用with复合结构。[高分句型3]Effectivestepshavebeentakentobeautifyourenvironment,whichbringsusaclearerblueskyandfresherair.运用关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。