山东省烟台市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语Word版含解析

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2020－2021学年度高一第一学期期末学业水平诊断英语试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Herglasses.B.Herkeys.C.Herbooks.2.Whattimewilltheschoolplaystart?A.6:45.B.7:00.C.7:15.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inashop.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inahotel.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?AAweekendplan.B.Apicnic.C.Theweather.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.JamesspendslesstimeonTV.B.Jamesdoesn’tliketelevision.C.Jamesdoesn’ttellthetruth.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C

1三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatisthewomanwonderingabout?A.Howtomoveaspoon.B.Ifsomethinginthemovieisreal.C.Ifthechildisthesmartestintheworld.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthestoryinthemovie?A.Heisnotsure.B.Hethinksitistrue.C.Hedoesn’tbelieveitistrue.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.WhatdoesDavidlikedoing?A.Makingsnowballs.B.Goingskating.C.Sweepingawaythesnow.9.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Snowyandcold.B.Cloudyandwindy.C.Sunnyandwarm.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewomaninvitedtodo?A.Tryonashirt.B.Chooseafreegift.C.Becomeamemberofthestore.11.Whywon’tthewomangototheservicedesk?A.Shehasnocardwithher.B.Shedoesn’thavetime.C.Sheisshortofmoney.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Filloutaformonline.B.Visitanotherstore.C.Offerheraddress.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

213.Whatisthetopicofthepictureforthisyear’sartcompetition?A.Family.B.Thecountryside.C.Friends.14.Whycan’tthegirltakepartintheartcompetition?A.Shecanonlyuseoils.B.Sheisn’tgoodatdrawing.C.Sheisovertheagelimit.15.Whatmaytheboy’ssisterusetodrawifsheentersthecompetition?A.Coloredpencils.B.Oilpaints.C.Watercolors.16.Whatistheprizeforthewinnerthisyear?A.Acomputer.B.Acamera.C.Atelevision.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whosebirthdaywascelebrated?A.Thespeaker’s.B.Linda’s.C.Anna’s.18.WhatkindoffooddoesChezPierreserve?A.Italian.B.Japanese.C.French.19.WhatwastheatmospherelikeatChezPierre?A.Pleasant.B.Noisy.C.Quiet.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthemeal?A.Notfresh.B.Expensive.C.Tasteless.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyouwanttohelpothersandimprovetheworld,youstillcan,withoutleavingthehouse.Manyvolunteeropportunitiesrequireonlyacomputeroraphone. We’veroundedupfourwebsitesofferingavarietyofchoices.PointsofLightFoundedbyPresidentGeorgeBush,thisistheworld’sbiggestorganizationaboutvolunteerservice.RHistoryandgardenloverscanhelp makecollectionsmoreavailablebycopyinghistoricdocumentsortagging(加标签)imagesofAmericangardensbyplanttypeinitsdatabase.RHelpresearchcoldcasesofmissingandunidentifiedpeopleforthe DoeNetwork.VolunteerMatch

3Thisisahugedatabaseofmorethanonemillionvirtual(虚拟的)volunteerlistings.RGotalegalbackground?Lawyerscanreviewonlinecontentfor IllinoisLegalAid.RRetiredbusinessowner?Therearemanyopportunitiestoinstructsmallbusinessownersinsalesandmarketing,businessplanningandproductdevelopment.CreatetheGoodAARP,themembershipgroupforpeople50+,operatesthisvolunteeropportunitiesdatabaseforthe50+agegroup.ROffercareeradvicetohighschoolstudentsinpoorfamiliesinfieldsfrombakingtohandymanbyemailforCareerVillage.RRaiseawarenessaboutscams(诈骗),especiallythoseaimedatolderpeople,identifiedbyAARP’sNationalFraudTeam.UnitedNationsVolunteersThisgrouplistsorganizationsforpeaceanddevelopmentallovertheworld.Youcan:RResearchmoneyanditssourcesforyoungpeoplewhostartbusinessinAsiaandthePacific.RBrainstormideastocollectplasticwasteinCameroon.Wanttogetinvolved? Clickhereto becomeamember orsendanemailto membership@seniorplanet.org tolearnaboutopportunities.1.Whatdoallthevolunteeropportunitieshaveincommon?A.Theyaredifficulttoacquire.B.Theyrequirenorelatedknowledge.C.Theyallowonetoprovidehelpathome.D.They’reaimedatexcellentprofessionals.2.WhatcanvolunteersdothroughCreatetheGood?A.Teachtheelderlyhowtobake.B.Raisemoneyforpoorfamilies.C.Providejobsuggestionsforpoorstudents.D.Trainteenagerstoruntheirownbusinesses.3.Whichwebsitehelpsimprovetheenvironment?A.PointsofLight.B.VolunteerMatch.C.CreatetheGood.D.UnitedNationsVolunteers.【答案】1.C2.C3.D

4【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个志愿者服务网站，目的是为了帮助他人，改善世界。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ifyouwanttohelpothersandimprovetheworld,youstillcan,withoutleavingthehouse.”（如果你想帮助其他人，改善世界，足不出户就可以做到。）可知，这几个志愿者机会的共同特点是，允许志愿者在家提供帮助，故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三个网址中“Offercareeradvicetohighschoolstudentsinpoorfamilies”（向贫困家庭的高中生提供职业建议。）可知，CreatetheGood可以向贫困学子提供工作建议，故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四个网址中“collectplasticwasteinCameroon.”（在喀麦隆收塑料废弃物。）可知，UnitedNationsVolunteers提出收塑料废品，可以帮助改善环境，故选D项。BAllisonGuallpaconcentratesonfollowingthevideodirectionsforanunusualpaintingathome—theeighth-gradermustdrawafaceusingfruitsorvegetables.Shechoosespeachesforrosycheeksandabananaforthemouth.That’sjustoneprojectGuallpaandotherchildrenareparticipatinginduringa10-week,free,virtualarteducationseriesledbyMarieSaint-Cyr,ownerofSaint-CyrArtStudio.Otherchallengeshaveincludeddrawingablack-and-whitestilllifeofbottles,creatingawatercolorlandscape(风景)andcopyingworksofartistslikeVanGogh.Saint-Cyrbegantheprogramduringthesummerof2020togivechildrenanopportunitytoexpressthemselvesandtheirfeelingsduringdramaticchangesintheirlivesbecauseofCOVID-19.Saint-Cyr,25,movedtoLongIslandat8.Theprogramssheattendedafterherarrivalwerefreeandinfluencedhersomuchthatshewantedtocreatesomethingalikeforthenextgeneration.ParentsfirstcontactSaint-Cyrthroughherwebsite,Saintcyrartstudio.com.Saint-Cyrworkswithprogramsupporterswhopayherandprovidethesuppliesforthechildren,whichparentscanpickuporhavedelivered.Saint-Cyrthenprovides30-minutevideosthroughGoogleClassroomthatwalkstudentsthroughcreatingtheirartworkprojects.At4p.m.meetupsMondaysthroughThursdays,whoevercanmakeitattendsaZoommeetingwherechildrenshowofftheirworksinprogress,giveeachotherfeedback(反馈)andaskquestions.Theyalsodo5-to10-minutesmallexercisestoimprovetheirskills.Itmightbe“Findanobjectanddrawitwithoutliftingthepenciloffthepaper”.Attheconclusionoftheseries,Saint-Cyrdisplaysstudents’workinthe“walk-through”

5virtualgalleryonline.Itlooksasifviewersarereallywalkingthroughamuseumdisplaywithallthekids’professionalartworkhangingonthewalls.Insteadofbeingbored,thestudentsparticipatingintheprogramhavegotsomethingtodo—createthings,seeallthestudents’worksandgetideas.Saint-Cyrisconsideringbringingtheprogramtonearbyschoolsasanoptionalafter-schoolactivity.4.HowdoesGuallpalearntocreatetheunusualpainting?A.ThroughTVprograms.B.Throughpicturebooks.C.Throughschoolcourses.D.Throughvideoinstructions.5.WhydidSaint-Cyrstarttheprogram?A.Tostrengthenteacher-studentrelationship.B.Tohelpkidsexpressemotionsartistically.C.Toprovideparentswithpaintingsupplies.D.Tosharpenkids’organizationalskills.6.What’sparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Howtheartprogramworks.B.Howparentsreacttotheartprogram.C.Whatkidsdoattheregularmeetings.D.Whatviewersthinkofkids’creations.7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheprogram?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Uncaring.D.Opposed.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.B【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了Saint-Cyr组织的一个为期10周的、免费的、虚拟的艺术教育项目，目的是帮助孩子通过艺术的形式表达自己的感受。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AllisonGuallpaconcentratesonfollowingthevideodirectionsforanunusualpaintingathome”（艾利森·古帕专注于按照视频指示在家里画一幅不同寻常的画）可知，AllisonGuallpa是按照视频指导在家里学习画一幅不同寻常的画的。故选D。

6【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Saint-Cyrbegantheprogram…togivechildrenanopportunitytoexpressthemselvesandtheirfeelingsduringdramaticchangesintheirlivesbecauseofCOVID-19.（Saint-Cyr启动该项目是让儿童有机会表达自己的2019年的新冠给他们的生活带来巨大变化的感受）”可知，Saint-Cyr启动这个项目是帮助孩子通过艺术形式表达情感。故选B。【6题详解】主旨大意题。第四段中提到“ParentsfirstcontactSaint-Cyrthroughherwebsite,Saintcyrartstudio.com.”父母家长们首先通过网站联系Saint-Cyr；“Saint-Cyrthenprovides30-minutevideosthroughGoogleClassroom…At4p.m.meetupsMondaysthroughThursdays,…wherechildrenshowofftheirworksinprogress,giveeachotherfeedback(反馈)andaskquestions….Attheconclusionoftheseries,Saint-Cyrdisplaysstudents’work…”（Saint-Cyr通过谷歌教室提供30分钟的视频…从周一到周四聚会,孩子们展示他们的作品,互相反馈、问问题。…在一系列活动的最后，Saint-Cyr展示学生的作品。）由此可知，该段是讲述Saint-Cyr组织的这个艺术项目是如何运作的。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“Insteadofbeingbored,thestudentsparticipatingintheprogramhavegotsomethingtodo—createthings,seeallthestudents’worksandgetideas.（参加这个项目的学生们并没有感到无聊，而是有事可做——创造一些东西，看所有学生的作品并得到想法。）”由此可以推断，作者对这个项目是持肯定态度的。故选B。CDogsareoftenreferredtoas“man’sbestfriend”.ButMacKenzie,afour-poundchihuahua,whowasnamedwinnerofthe2020AmericanHeroDogCompetitiononOctober19,2020,ismakingtheworldabetterplaceforhumansandanimalsalike.Initstenthyearin2020theannualcontestisthebrainchildofAmericanHumane,thecountry’sfirstnationalcharitableorganizationfoundedforthesafetyandwell-beingofanimals.Oftencalledthe“Oscarsfordogs”,theawardrecognizesdogswhomakeextremelygreatcontributions(贡献)tosociety.Thecompetitionof2020attractedover400entriesfromacrossthecountry.Theseheroicdogshavegoneabovethecallofduty,savinglives,comfortingtheillandagedandremindingusofthepowerful,age-oldtiesbetweenanimalsandpeople.Whileallwereimpressive,itwastinyMacKenziewhowonthejudges’hearts.MacKenzie’spathtostardomwasnoteasy.Bornwithamouthdisability,shehadtobefedthroughatube(管子)forthefirstyearofherlife.Despiteherownstruggles,shealwaysseemedtothinkmoreofotheranimalsinneed.

7“NeverhaveIseensuchawilltolive.Thoughsick,shecarefullylookedafterthebabyanimalsattherescue(救助)center,”saidhercaretaker.Alife-savingoperationperformedin2014gaveMacKenzietheabilitytoeatindependently.Theseven-year-oldchihuahuaisnowworkingfortheMiaFoundation,aNewYork-basedcharitableorganizationthatrescuesandnursesanimalswithinborndisabilities.Thechihuahuadoesanexcellentjobandhasraisedvariousanimals.Sheplaysnurse,cleans,comfortsandhugsthem,actingastheirmotherandteachingthemhowtosocialize,playandhavegoodmanners.Inadditiontoherroleasananimalcaretaker,MacKenziealsovisitsschoolstoeducatekidsabouttheimportanceofacceptingphysicaldifferencesinbothanimalsandpeople.HerheartwarmingandinspiringstorymakesMacKenzieaworthyreceiverofAmerica’stopdoghonor!8.WhatcanweinferabouttheAmericanHeroDogCompetition?A.Itwasstartedbyacharitableorganization.B.Itwasmeanttohonorcaretakersofdogs.C.Ittakesplaceeverytenyears.D.Itwasfirstheldin2010.9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMacKenzie?A.Talentedandstrong.B.Courageousandselfless.C.Funnyandfriendly.D.Confidentandpicky.10.InwhichaspectcanstudentsbenefitfromMacKenzie’svisits?A.Learningfromfailures.B.Valuingphysicalhealth.C.Understandingthedisabled.D.Developingpracticalability.11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.DogsAreMan’sBestFriendsB.TreatDogstheWayWeWanttoBeTreatedC.2020AmericanHeroDog:ATinyChihuahuaD.TouchingStoriesbetweenMacKenzieandPeople【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。狗通常被认为是人类最好的朋友，本文主要讲述的是一只4磅重的吉娃娃狗---

8麦肯齐在2020年10月19日赢得了2020年美国英雄犬大赛的冠军，并介绍了麦肯齐赢得冠军的原因。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Initstenthyearin2020,theannualcontestisthebrainchildofAmericanHumane,thecountry’sfirstnationalcharitableorganizationfoundedforthesafetyandwell-beingofanimals.”(到2020年，这个一年一度的竞赛已经举办了10年，它是美国人道组织(AmericanHumane)的创意，这是美国第一个为动物安全和福祉而成立的全国性慈善组织。)可知美国英雄狗大赛是由一个慈善组织发起的。故选A项。9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Bornwithamouthdisability,shehadtobefedthroughatube(管子)forthefirstyearofherlife.Despiteherownstruggles,shealwaysseemedtothinkmoreofotheranimalsinneed.“NeverhaveIseensuchawilltolive.Thoughsick,shecarefullylookedafterthebabyanimalsattherescue(救助)center”(MacKenzie生来就有口腔缺陷，在她出生的第一年，她必须通过管子进食。尽管她自己也在挣扎，但她似乎总是更多地考虑其他需要帮助的动物。我从未见过这样想活下去的意志。尽管生病了,她小心翼翼地照顾动物救援中心的小动物。)天生嘴有缺陷，在极其艰难的情况下，她奋力抗争活了下来，可知她是很勇敢的；尽管生病了,她小心翼翼地照顾动物救援中心的小动物和总是更多地考虑其他需要帮助的动物，可知她是非常友好的，故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“MacKenziealsovisitsschoolstoeducatekidsabouttheimportanceofacceptingphysicaldifferencesinbothanimalsandpeople”(MacKenzie还访问学校，教育孩子们接受动物和人的身体差异的重要性。)可知MacKenzie对学校的访问可使学生们进一步的了解残疾人。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Dogsareoftenreferredtoas“man’sbestfriend”.ButMacKenzie,afour-poundchihuahua,whowasnamedwinnerofthe2020AmericanHeroDogCompetitiononOctober19,2020,ismakingtheworldabetterplaceforhumansandanimalsalike.”狗通常被认为是人类最好的朋友。但是，一只4磅重的吉娃娃狗麦肯齐在2020年10月19日赢得了2020年美国英雄犬大赛的冠军，她正在为人类和动物创造一个更美好的世界。可知文章主要讲述的是2020年美国英雄犬：一只小吉娃娃。故答案为C项。DAgroupofsecond-yearcollegestudentshavediscoveredhiddenwritingonapagefromabookfromthe1500s,usingaspecialcamerasystemtheybuilt.Surprisingly,findinghiddenwritingonveryolddocumentsisn’tallthatunusual.Infact,there’sevenaspecialnamefordocumentslikethis:apalimpsest(再生羊皮纸卷).Longago,writingwasdoneonparchment—thin,driedanimalskinsspeciallypreparedforwriting.But

9parchmentwasn’teasytomakeandwasn’tcheap.Soitbecamecommontoerasetheoldwritingoffaparchmentandthenreuseitforanotherpieceofwriting.That’swhatcreatesapalimpsest.Thewritingerasedofftheparchmentcan’tbeseendirectly,butscientistshavelearnedwaystousespeciallightingtorevealtheoriginalwriting.Butit’sunusualforyoungcollegestudentstodiscoverpalimpsests.Lastyear,first-yearstudentsattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologytookpartinaclassthatbroughttogethermanystudentstotakeonaprojectasagroup.Theprojectwastobuildaspecialcamerasystemthatcouldtakepicturesusingdifferentkindsoflight.Overthesummer,thestudentsworkingontheimagingcameramanagedtofinishit.Whentheyweredone,theyborrowedseveraloldparchmentsfromthecollectionattheschool’sCaryGraphicArtsCollection.WhentheyputoneofthepagesundertheircamerasystemwithUVlight,thehiddenwritingsuddenlyappeared.UndertheUVlight,handwritinginFrenchcouldeasilybeseenbehindthefancywritinganddecorationsnormallyvisibleonthepage.Zoe,astudentinvolvedintheproject,said,“ThiswasamazingbecausethisdocumenthasbeenintheCaryCollectionforalmost10yearsandnoonenoticedit.”Thestudentsareevenmoreexcitedbecauseeventhoughtheparchmentisnolongerpartofabook,theyknowwhere29otherpagesfromthesamebookare.Thestudents,whoarenowworkingwithotherstolocatetheotherparchments,hopethese,too,willhavehiddenwritingandthattheycanfigureoutwhatitmeans.12.Whatwasparchmentdesignedforinancienttimes?A.Writing.B.Decorating.C.Imaging.D.Collecting.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reveal”inparagraph4mean?A.Heatup.B.Bringout.C.Adjustto.D.Clearaway.14.Whatarethestudentsexpectingtodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Makeahandwriting-recognizingcamera.B.Identifywhattheparchmentsaremadeof.C.TracktheoriginofthepalimpsestsintheCaryCollection.D.Discoverhiddenwritinganditsmeaningonmoreparchments.15.What’sthepurposeofthistext?A.Totellaboutanewdiscovery.B.Torecommendaspecialbook.

10C.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.D.Tointroduceanolddocument.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一群罗彻斯持理工学院大学生用自己设计的特殊摄像系统在一本十六世纪的书上发现了隐藏的文字。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Longago,writingwasdoneonparchment—thin,driedanimalskinsspeciallypreparedforwriting.(很久以前，人们在羊皮纸上写字，羊皮纸是专门用来写字的薄而干燥的动物皮。)”可知，在古代，羊皮纸是专门用来写字的。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词前句“Thewritingerasedofftheparchmentcan’tbeseendirectly(从羊皮纸上抹去的字迹不能被直接看到)”和“butscientistshavelearnedwaystousespeciallighting(但科学家们已经学会了利用特殊照明)”可知，科学家们利用特殊照明来显示从羊皮纸上抹去的字迹。从而猜测reveal为“显示，揭示”之意。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thestudents,whoarenowworkingwithotherstolocatetheotherparchments,hopethese,too,willhavehiddenwritingandthattheycanfigureoutwhatitmeans.(学生们正在和其他人一起寻找其他羊皮纸，他们希望这些羊皮纸上也有隐藏的文字，这样他们就能弄明白其中的含义。)”可知，学生期望在更多的羊皮纸上发现隐藏的文字及其意义。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Agroupofsecond-yearcollegestudentshavediscoveredhiddenwritingonapagefromabookfromthe1500s,usingaspecialcamerasystemtheybuilt.(一群二年级的大学生利用他们制造的一种特殊的摄像系统，在一本16世纪的书的书页上发现了隐藏的文字。)”及全文内容可推断，本文的目的是来讲述古老的羊皮纸上隐藏文字的新发现。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Upto40%ofthefoodproducednevermakesittoourmouths.Foodwasteisa hugeproblem.___16___Herearewaystoreducefoodwaste.●___17___Manyofusblindlythrowthingsthatlooknovelintotheshoppingbasketsandthenletthemsitin

11thefridgeuntiltheygobad.Sobeforeshopping,thinkaboutexactlywhatyouneedfortheweek,makeadetailedshoppinglisttopreventoverbuyingandsticktoit.●Getcreativewithrepurposingfood.Beforewalkingstraighttothebinwithyouroldcarrots,askyourself:CanImakethisintosomethingnew?___18___Youneedn’tfollowanycomplicatedrecipestoturnolderproduceintoafreshnewdish.Justuseyourheadtomakethebestofit.Forexample,roastthecarrotsasasidedishorcutthemforasalad.●Yourfreezerisyourfriend.Ifyou’reunabletousefoodbeforeit’stoolate,turntothetrustyfreezer.Freezingfoodhelpslockinitsflavorandnutrients.Sonexttimeyoufindperfectstrawberriesforyoursummerpicnic,don’tthrowtheleftovers.___19___●Don’tbefooledbythat“sellby”date.Typically,theselabelsareabestguessbybusinessesastowhentheirproductswillbefinest.They’renothard-and-fastrulesaboutwhenthatcheesehastogostraighttothebin.They’reaboutquality,notaboutfoodsafety.Nexttimeyoudoasweepofyourstoreroom,rememberthat.___20___Ifitdoesn’tpass,turntothebin.A.Makeanadvanceplan.B.Theanswerisprobablyyes.C.Whenindoubt,doasmelltest.D.Addupwhatyouletgotowaste.E.Thegoodnews:Eachofuscanhelpsolveit.F.Theymayendupinlandfillsandproducegreenhousegases.G.Instead,bagandputtheminthefreezerincaseyouwantthem.【答案】16.E17.A18.B19.G20.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。多达40%的食物从未进入我们的口中，食物浪费是个大问题，文章主要就如何减少食物浪费提出了一些建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Upto40%ofthefoodproducednevermakesittoourmouths.Foodwasteisa hugeproblem.(多达40%的食物从未进入我们的口中。食物浪费是个大问题)”以及后文“Herearewaystoreducefoodwaste.(以下是减少食物浪费的方法)”可知，上文提到食物浪费是个大问题，后文则说明了减少食物浪费的建议，说明这个问题有办法解决。E选项中it指代上文ahugeproblem。故E选项“好消息是：我们每个人都可以帮助解决这个问题”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】

12根据后文“Manyofusblindlythrowthingsthatlooknovelintotheshoppingbasketsandthenletthemsitinthefridgeuntiltheygobad.Sobeforeshopping,thinkaboutexactlywhatyouneedfortheweek,makeadetailedshoppinglisttopreventoverbuyingandsticktoit.(我们许多人盲目地把看起来很新奇的东西扔进购物篮，然后把它们放在冰箱里直到它们变质。所以在购物之前，仔细考虑一下你一周需要买什么，列一份详细的购物清单，防止过度购买，然后严格执行)”可知，后文提到了在购物之前，仔细考虑一下你一周需要买什么，列一份详细的购物清单，防止过度购买，然后严格执行，即本段介绍的减少食物浪费的办法是：提前制定计划。故A选项“提前制定计划”符合语境，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文“Getcreativewithrepurposingfood.Beforewalkingstraighttothebinwithyouroldcarrots,askyourself:CanImakethisintosomethingnew?(创造性地利用食物。在直接把旧胡萝卜扔进垃圾桶之前，问问自己：我能把它做成新东西吗？)”以及后文“Youneedn’tfollowanycomplicatedrecipestoturnolderproduceintoafreshnewdish.(你不需要遵循任何复杂的食谱，就可以把旧的农产品变成新鲜的新菜)”可知，上文提出了“能把它做成新东西吗？”的问题，故本句应当是在回答这一问题，结合后文说不需要复杂食谱就可以把旧的农产品变成新鲜的新菜，可知这个问题的答案是肯定的。故B选项“答案可能是肯定的”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Yourfreezerisyourfriend.Ifyou’reunabletousefoodbeforeit’stoolate,turntothetrustyfreezer.Freezingfoodhelpslockinitsflavorandnutrients.Sonexttimeyoufindperfectstrawberriesforyoursummerpicnic,don’tthrowtheleftovers.(你的冰箱就是你的朋友。如果你来不及使用食物，就求助于可靠的冰箱。冷冻食物有助于保存食物的味道和营养。所以，下次当你在夏日野餐时发现完美的草莓时，不要把剩菜都扔了)”可知，上文提到不要把野餐的剩菜扔了，即本句承接上文继续说明如何处理剩菜，G选项中them指代上文theleftovers。故G选项“相反，如果你想要的话，把它们打包放进冰箱里”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据上文“Don’tbefooledbythat“sellby”date.Typically,theselabelsareabestguessbybusinessesastowhentheirproductswillbefinest.They’renothard-and-fastrulesaboutwhenthatcheesehastogostraighttothebin.They’reaboutquality,notaboutfoodsafety.Nexttimeyoudoasweepofyourstoreroom,rememberthat.(不要被那个“最佳食用”日期所愚弄。通常，这些标签是企业对他们的产品何时最好的猜测。关于什么时候该把奶酪直接扔进垃圾桶，并没有硬性规定。他们关心的是食品质量，而不是食品安全。下次打扫储藏室的时候，记住这一点)”以及后文“Ifitdoesn’tpass,turntothebin.(如果没有通过测试，就把它扔进垃圾桶)

13”可知，本段主要说明了不要一味相信包装上“最佳食用”日期，关于什么时候该把奶酪直接扔进垃圾桶，并没有硬性规定，可推知本句是在说明如何判断食物还能否食用，后文提到“通过测试”可推知本句是在说对食物进行什么样的测试，故C选项“有疑问时，做嗅觉测试”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastDecember,IwasinCanadaonbusinesswithmycoworkers.Oneofthem,Frank,wasmucholder.Hewasphysically___21___,havingjustrecoveredfromanillness.Hedidn’twantAsian___22___,sohestayedinthehotelwhiletherestofusdinedout.However,Ithoughtthismighthaveimpactedhissenseof___23___.Onenight,ItoldFrankI’dliketotakehimoutwhereverhewantedtoeat.___24___Ihadvegetarianfoodpreferencesandhedidnot,hedidnotwantto___25___mebygoingtoplaceswhereIwouldhaveveryfew___26___.Iassuredhimthatitwasnobigissueandhe___27___eventually.Ithendrovehimtoarestauranthewouldprefer.Withothercoworkersgoingoutseparately,Iwasableto___28___Frankaloneandpracticedeep___29___withhimpouringouthishearttilllateatnight.Mywillingnesstolendanearbroughtustwocloser.Afterweendedourmeal,Idecidedto___30___himrighttothedoorofthehotelandnottheparkinglot,becauseitwas___31___outside,whichwouldmakehimeasilycatchacold.Thisfeltgood,andoverthenextfewoutings,itfeltmore___32___totellmycoworkerstowaitinsidetherestaurantwhileI___33___thecarforthemtoavoidthelowtemperatureinit.Though___34___,suchactshavemagicpower,spreadingjoytoeachofusandfillinguswithastrongsenseofcommunity.I’mhappytofindmycoworkersaregettingmoreandmorethoughtfuland___35___moreabouteachother.21.A.strongB.tenseC.weakD.addicted22.A.foodB.cultureC.climateD.map23.A.directionB.communityC.responsibilityD.achievement24.A.OnceB.ThoughC.BeforeD.As25.A.troubleB.persuadeC.confuseD.remind26.A.customersB.optionsC.commentsD.surprises27.A.leftB.admittedC.apologizedD.agreed28.A.catchholdofB.makefunofC.getalongwithD.makeupwith29.A.listeningB.speakingC.arguingD.breathing30.A.leadB.followC.dropD.invite31.A.cloudyB.darkC.freezingD.dangerous32.A.interestingB.naturalC.familiarD.exciting

1433.A.parkedB.warmedC.cleanedD.examined34.A.challengingB.embarrassingC.unnecessaryD.simple35.A.careB.worryC.askD.talk【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.B27.D28.C29.A30.C31.C32.B33.B34.D35.A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者外出上班时为了照顾同住旅馆的同事而做的一些暖心的事情。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他刚从一场病中康复，身体很虚弱。A.strong强壮的；B.tense紧张的；C.weak虚弱的；D.addicted沉溺于。根据“….havingjustrecoveredfromanillness”可知，弗兰克刚从一场病中康复的，身体很虚弱。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不想吃亚洲菜。A.food食物；B.culture文化；C.climate气候；D.map地图。根据后文“sohestayedinthehotelwhiletherestofusdinedout.”所以他待在旅馆里，而我们其他人出去吃饭。可知弗兰克没有出去吃饭。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我认为这可能影响了他的团队意识。A.direction方向；B.community社区；C.responsibility责任；D.achievement成就。根据上句“Hedidn’twantAsianfood,sohestayedinthehotelwhiletherestofusdinedout.”9他不想吃亚洲菜，所以他待在旅馆里，而我们其他人都在外面吃饭)可知只有弗兰克留在了旅馆。可知作者认为可能会影响团队意识。故选B项。【24题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为我喜欢素食，而他不喜欢，所以他不想去那些我没有多少选择的地方来打扰我。A.Once一旦；B.Though尽管；C.Before在…之前；D.As因为。根据后文“hedidnotwanttotroublemebygoingtoplaceswhereIwouldhaveveryfewoptions”(他不想去那些我没有多少选择余地的地方来打扰我。)可知因为我喜欢素食，而他不喜欢，所以弗兰克不想去那些我没有多少选择余地的地方来打扰我。上句是其原因。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.trouble麻烦；B.persuade说服；C.confuse迷惑；D.remind提醒。根据上句“asIhadvegetarianfoodpreferencesandhedidnot,”(因为我喜欢素食，而他不喜欢。)所以弗兰克不想去那些我没有多少选择余地的地方来麻烦我。故选A项。【26题详解】

15考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我喜欢素食，而他不喜欢，所以他不想去那些我几乎没有选择地方来打扰我。A.customers顾客；B.options选择；C.comments评论；D.surprises惊讶。根据上文“asIhadvegetarianfoodpreferencesandhedidnot,”(因为我喜欢素食，而他不喜欢。)以及“Onenight,ItoldFrankI’dliketotakehimoutwhereverhewantedtoeat”9一天晚上，我告诉弗兰克，我愿意带他去他想吃的任何地方。）可知因为两个人的饮食习惯的不同，两个人去弗拉克喜欢的餐厅，作者选择的菜品就少了。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向他保证这不是什么大问题，他最终同意了。A.left离开；B.admitted承认；C.apologized道歉；D.agreed同意。根据后句“Ithendrovehimtoarestauranthewouldprefer.”（然后我开车送他去了一家他更喜欢的餐厅。)可知弗拉克最终同意了去适合他的口味的餐厅。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我能和弗兰克单独相处。A.catchholdof抓住；B.makefunof取笑；C.getalongwith和…相处；D.makeupwith与…和解。根据上句“Withothercoworkersgoingoutseparately”(和其他同事分开出去)可知作者和同事分开出去，可知作者可以和弗拉克单独相处。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可以独自和弗兰克相处，和他一起练习倾听，倾诉衷肠，直到深夜。A.listening听；B.speaking说；C.arguing争论；D.breathing呼吸。根据后句“Mywillingnesstolendanearbroughtustwocloser.”(我愿意倾听让我们俩走得更近了)可知作者一直的在倾听弗拉克的讲话。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：吃完饭后，我决定直接把他送到酒店门口，而不是停车场。A.lead引导；B.follow追随；C.drop放下；D.invite邀请。根据后文“becauseitwasfreezingoutside,whichwouldmakehimeasilycatchacold”(因为外面很冷，他很容易感冒)可知作者是把弗拉克送到了酒店的门口。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为外面很冷，他很容易感冒。A.cloudy阴天的；B.dark黑暗的；C.freezing结冰的；D.dangerous危险的。根据后文“…whichwouldmakehimeasilycatchacold”(这很容易让他患感冒)可推知外面很冷。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这感觉很好，在接下来的几次外出中，告诉我的同事在餐厅里等着，我为他们暖车，以避免里面的低温，让我感觉更自然。A.interesting有趣的；B.natural自然的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“Thisfeltgood,andoverthenextfewoutings”可知这种感觉很好，这让作者在接下来的几次外出时，告诉同事在旅店里面等待，作者为他们暖车，以避免低温时感觉更自然。故选B项。

16【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我为他们把车暖一暖，以避免车里的低温。A.parked停车B.warmed使温暖；C.cleaned打扫；D.examined检查。根据上文“whileIwarmthecarforthemtoavoidthelowtemperatureinit.”(我为他们把车暖一暖，以避免车里的低温)可知天气很冷，作者给同事暖车。故选B项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样的行为虽然简单，却有神奇的力量，将快乐传递给我们每个人，并使我们充满强烈的团队意识。A.challenging具有挑战性的；B.embarrassing令人尴尬的；C.unnecessary不必要的；D.simple简单的。根据上文“itfeltmorenaturaltotellmycoworkerstowaitinsidetherestaurantwhileIwarmedthecarforthemtoavoidthelowtemperatureinit.”(告诉我的同事在餐厅里等着，我为他们暖车，以避免里面的低温，感觉更自然了）可知这里指的是作者为同事们做的简单的小事情。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴发现我的同事们越来越体贴，越来越关心彼此。A.care关心；B.worry担忧；C.ask问；D.talk谈话。根据上文的“gettingmoreandmorethoughtful”可知设空处所填的词应与and前的thoughtful（体贴的）并列。说明同事之间更体贴，更关心彼此。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheMid-AutumnFestivalortheMoonFestival,thesecondmostimportantfestivalinChinaaftertheSpringFestival,traditionally___36___(fall)onthe15thdayoftheeighthmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.Inthepast,theMoonFestival___37___(observe)atharvesttime.AncientChineseemperorsworshiped(敬奉)themooninautumntogivethanks___38___theharvest.TheordinarypeopletooktheMid-AutumnFestivaltobea___39___(celebrate)oftheirhardworkandharvest.Nowadays,peoplemainlycelebratetheMoonFestivalasatimeforfamilyreunions.Theyhavelongbelievedthatworshipingthemoonandeatingtogetheraround___40___roundtablewillbringthemgoodluckandhappiness.ThecommoncustomsoftheMid-AutumnFestivalincludefamilymemberseatingdinnertogether,___41___(share)mooncakes,worshipingthemoonwithgiftsanddisplayinglanterns.Mooncakesarethemust-eatMid-AutumnfoodinChina.Chinesepeopleseetheroundnessofmooncakesasasymbolofreunionandhappiness.Otherfoods___42___(eat)duringthefestivalareharvestfoods,suchascrabs,pumpkinsandgrapes.Peopleenjoythemwhentheyareinthe___43___(fresh)andmostnutritious(有营养的)state,andnicemeaningsareparticularlyconnectedwithroundfoods.Festivalfoodtraditionsarechanging.Theyoungergenerationhavetheirownchoicesabout___44___theyeat.Manyofthemdon’tlikemooncakesverymuchandchoose____45____(enjoy)theirfavoritefoods.

17【答案】36.falls37.wasobserved38.for39.celebration40.a41.sharing42.eaten43.freshest44.what45.toenjoy【解析】这是一篇说明文。中秋节，是中国仅次于春节的第二个最重要的节日，传统上是在中国农历8月15日。文章介绍了中秋节的一些习俗和饮食习惯。【36题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中秋节，是中国仅次于春节的第二个最重要的节日，传统上是在中国农历8月15日。根据后文“onthe15thdayoftheeighthmonthintheChineselunarcalendar”可知陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且or连接的并列成分作主语时，其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致，即与theMoonFestival保持一致，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填falls。【37题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：在过去，中秋节是在收获季节庆祝的。根据上文“Inthepast”可知用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为theMoonFestival，谓语动词用单数。故填wasobserved。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：中国古代皇帝在秋天敬奉月亮，以感谢丰收。结合句意表示“感谢……”可知短语为givethanksfor。故填for。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：普通老百姓把中秋节当作庆祝他们辛勤劳动和丰收的节日。根据上文不定冠词a，可知应填单数名词celebration，作表语。故填celebration。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：他们一直相信敬奉月亮、围坐在圆桌旁吃饭会给他们带来好运和幸福。table为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且round是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中秋节的常见习俗包括家庭成员一起吃晚餐，分享月饼，拜月与礼物和展示灯笼。结合句意表示“包括做某事”短语为includedoingsth.，与上下文的eating和worshiping一致，后跟动名词作宾语。故填sharing。

18【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：节日期间吃的其他食物是正值丰收的食物，如螃蟹，南瓜和葡萄。分析句子结构可知eat在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语foods构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填eaten。【43题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：人们喜欢在食物最新鲜、最有营养的状态下吃他们，尤其圆的食物有着好的寓意。根据上文定冠词以及后文“andmostnutritious”可知应填形容词最高级freshest，表示“最新鲜的”。故填freshest。【44题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：年轻一代对于吃什么有他们自己的选择。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，应用what。故填what。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中许多人不太喜欢月饼，选择吃他们最喜欢的食物。结合句意表示“选择做某事”可知短语为choosetodosth.。故填toenjoy。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据括号中的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。46.种树能防止土壤被冲走。(prevent;washaway)（汉译英）【答案】Planting/Growing/Toplant/growtreescanpreventthesoil(from)beingwashedaway.【解析】【详解】考查动词及动词短语。表示“种植”应用动词plant/grow；非谓语动词在句中充当主语应用动名词或者动词不定式的形式，表示“防止”短语为prevent...fromdoing...，表示“冲走”短语为washaway，句中soil和动词washaway是被动关系，用动名词的被动形式。故翻译为Planting/Growing/Toplant/growtreescanpreventthesoil(from)beingwashedaway.47.你最好不要吃太多的肉以防发胖。(incase)（汉译英）【答案】You’dbetternoteattoomuchmeatincaseyouputonweight/gainweight/get/becomefat.【解析】【详解】考查短语、状语从句和时态。hadbetter最好，后加动词原形；toomuch太多；putonweight/gainweight/get/becomefat发胖。incase以防，引导目的状语从句。根据句意，用一般现在时。故翻译为You’dbetternoteattoomuchmeatincaseyouputonweight/gainweight/get/becomefat.48.无论年龄大小，任何人都可以加入这个俱乐部。(regardless)（汉译英）

19【答案】Anyone/Anybodycanjointheclub/becomea/thememberoftheclubregardlessofage/theirages.【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。根据提示regardless以及汉意“无论”可知，此处可用regardlessof短语；“任何人”可以用anyone/anybody表示；“可以”用情态动词can，后加动词原形；“加入俱乐部”可以用jointheclub/becomea/thememberoftheclub表示。故而答案为Anyone/Anybodycanjointheclub/becomea/thememberoftheclubregardlessofage/theirages.49.我们到达车站，结果却发现火车已经离开了。(onlyto)（汉译英）【答案】Wegotto/wentto/arrivedat/reachedthestation(,)onlytofind(that)thetrainhad(already)left/wasgone.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时态，动词，名词，短语。根据句意可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，且火车离开发生在到达车站之前，故主句使用一般过去时，从句使用过去完成时。表示“到达”用动词的一般过去式gotto；表示“车站”用名词短语thestation；表示出乎意料的“结果”用onlyto，后加动词原形；表示“发现”用动词find；表示“火车”用名词thetrain；表示“已经离开了”用过去完成时hadleft。故答案为Wegottothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.50.他成功地把他的观点跟听众们讲清楚了。(getacross)（汉译英）【答案】Hesucceededingetting/managedtogetacrosshispoint/view/opiniontotheaudience.Hegotacrosshispoint/view/opiniontotheaudiencesuccessfully.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词，名词，短语，时态。根据句意“讲清楚了”可知，此句描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。表示“成功做某事”用动词短语succeedindoingsth.。因为时态是一般过去时，故用succeededindoingsth.；表示“向......表达清楚”用动词短语getacross…to。因为此处需做动词succeeded的宾语，故用gettingacross…to；表示“他的观点”用hispoint；表示“观众”用名词短语theaudience。故答案为Hesucceededingettingacrosshispointtotheaudience.第二节（满分25分）51.假定你是李华，你校篮球队将参加市中学生篮球决赛。请给你的留学生朋友Tom写封电子邮件，邀请他一起去观看比赛。内容包括：1.比赛的时间、地点；2.邀请去看这场比赛的原因；

203.会面的相关事宜。注意：1.写作词数应为100左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇：中学生篮球决赛theMiddleSchoolBasketballFinalDearTom,Goodnews!__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,Goodnews!OurschoolbasketballteamhasmadeittotheCityMiddleSchoolBasketballFinal.Knowingthatyou’recrazyaboutbasketball,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutowatchthegame.Scheduledtobeginat9thisSundaymorningatthecitystadium,thefinalbetweenthetwotopteamswillsurelybeanexcitingclosegamethatiswellworthwatching.Moreimportantly,wecangotocheerforourschoolteam.Ifyou’dliketojoinme,howaboutmeetingatourschoolgateat8:30thisSundaymorningsothatwecantakeabustheretogether?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给留学生朋友Tom写封电子邮件，邀请他去观看市中学生篮球决赛。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时结构：总分法

21总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.比赛的时间、地点；2.邀请去看这场比赛的原因；3.会面的相关事宜。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）makeitto;becrazyabout;invitesb.todosth.;beginat;stadium;bewellworthdoing;cheerfor;howabout;sothat;lookforwardto第三步：连词成句1.OurschoolbasketballteamhasmadeittotheCityMiddleSchoolBasketballFinal.2.Knowingthatyou’recrazyaboutbasketball,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutowatchthegame.3.Scheduledtobeginat9thisSundaymorningatthecitystadium,thefinalbetweenthetwotopteamswillsurelybeanexcitingclosegamethatiswellworthwatching.4.Moreimportantly,wecangotocheerforourschoolteam.5.Ifyou’dliketojoinme,howaboutmeetingatourschoolgateat8:30thisSundaymorningsothatwecantakeabustheretogether?6.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second（供参考）2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowingthatyou’recrazyaboutbasketball,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutowatchthegame.(运用了that引导宾语从句和现在分词作状语)[高分句型2]Scheduledtobeginat9thisSundaymorningatthecitystadium,thefinalbetweenthetwotopteamswillsurelybeanexcitingclosegamethatiswellworthwatching.(运用了that引导定语从句)