戴晓蕾 定稿 B2016022225

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ChineseAbstract…………………………………………………………2EnglishAbstract…………………………………………………………31.Introduction…………………………………………………………41.1ResearchBackground……………………………………………………41.2SignificanceoftheThesis………………………………………………61.3StructureoftheThesis…………………………………………………62.BritishElementsoftheTraditionalCulturePresentedinDoctorWho…………………………………………………………………………62.1TheShakespeareCode…………………………………………………72.2Castle……………………………………………………………………82.3VariationsinBritishAccents……………………………………………92.4SocialHierarchy…………………………………………………………103.BritishPopularCultureReflectedfromDoctorWho…………113.1 Feminism………………………………………………………………113.2 A Reflection on Scienceand Technology………………………………123.3 CulturalConflictandIntegration………………………………………134.Conclusion……………………………………………………………14References…………………………………………………………………16浅析科幻剧《神秘博士》——英国现代文化的缩影16

1摘要英国电视剧《神秘博士》是世界上播出时间最长的科幻电视剧。它在英国流行文化乃至世界流行文化中都占有重要地位。剧中蕴含了很多文化元素，无论是历史、人物、文学、科技还是文化冲突和融合，不同剧情背后的故事都具有很深的含义。论文将由五部分构成。第一部分是介绍，对《神秘博士》的研究背景、研究意义和文章结构进行介绍。第二部分是关于国内国外研究的文献综述。第三部分是对于剧中的英国传统文化元素进行研究，主要从莎士比亚文化、不同地区英语口音和城堡建筑等文化遗产进行详细分析。第四部分是《神秘博士》中反映出的当代英国流行文化元素，例如足球、女权运动和科技等。第五部分是对该论文的总结，总结全文研究要点，分析《神秘博士》对于英国文化的影响。关键词：神秘博士；英国；文化元素ABriefAnalysisofDoctorWho:AMicrocosmofModernBritishCulture16

2AbstractTheBritishTVseriesDoctorWho is the longest-running science-fiction TVdrama intheworld.ItplaysanimportantroleinBritishpopcultureandevenintheworldpopculture.TherearemanyculturalelementsinthisTVseries.Nomatteritishistory,literature,character,technologyorculturalconflictandintegration,thestoriesrelatedtodifferentplotshavedeepmeanings.Thisthesiswillbecomposedoffiveparts.Thefirstpartisanintroduction.Itintroducestheresearchbackground,thesignificanceandthestructureofthethesis.Thesecondpartistheliteraturereviewofdomesticandforeignresearch.ThethirdpartistostudythetraditionalculturalelementsintheTVseriesofDoctorWho,mainlyfromShakespeareculture,differentEnglishaccentindifferentregions,castleandotherculturalheritage.ThefourthpartisthecontemporaryBritishpopcultureelementsreflectedinDoctorWho,suchasfootball,women’srightsmovementandtechnology.Thefifthpartisthesummaryofthepaper.Itsummarizesthemainresearchpointsofthewholethesis,andanalyzestheinfluenceofDoctorWhoonBritishculture.Keywords:DoctorWho;Britain;culturalelement1.Introduction16

31.1ResearchBackgroundEnglishTVseriesisanimportantwaytospreadtheBritishculture.Withthehighreputationintheworld,EnglishTVseriesreachawideaudience.DoctorWhoisoneofBritain’smostsuccessfultelevisiondramas.ThisisastoryaboutanalienadventurerknownastheDoctor,whotravelsthroughalloftimeandspaceinhisTARDISandsavestheworldwithhiscompanions.TheDoctorisanalienTimeLordfromtheplanetGallifrey.Insteadofdying,theDoctorisableto“regenerate”intoanewbody,takingonanewpersonalitywitheachregeneration.EachofthemisarepresentativeofBritishgeekculture.Hedoesn’tsolveproblemsbyusinggunsandswordslikeAmericans.Oncontrary,heisalwaysabletosolveproblemsbysomefantasticideas.Moreover,theDoctoralwaysholdshopeforthegoodsideofhumanbeingsandpaysattentiontothehumanmind.DoctorWho waspremiered on November 23,1963.By1989,theserieshad28seasons,duringwhichsevenactorsplayedtheleadingrole.Itwasn’tuntil2005thatthenewversionofDoctorWhoreturnedandcontinuedthestory.Becauseofitstenacious vitality,DoctorWho is the longest-running science-fictionTVdramaintheworld(Net1).During DoctorWho’s run,thehighqualityandcreativityofthisTVseries’storyhasattractedwideattentionintheprofessionalfieldofTVseries.InEuropeandtheUnitedStates,therearealargenumberofresearcharticlesandbookspublishedfollowingtheTVseries,suchasDoctorWho:ABritishAlien?(DannyNicol,2018)and“ShapingFantasies”:ResponsestoShakespeare’sMagicinPopularCulture(BrownSarah,2009:172).However,asithasbeenintroducedafterafewyearsoftheriseofnewInternetmediainChina,DoctorWhohasbeenknownbyChineseaudiencesforashorttime.ComparedwithEuropeandtheUnitedStates,thedomesticresearchonitisrelativelyscarce,andtherelatedresourcesandstudybooksarealsoscarce.FromtheresearchofCNKI,thereareonly3descriptionsaboutDoctorWho.InChina,theonlyrelevantreportsaboutDoctorWhoaremostlysimplereportsfromthefilmandtelevisionaspectsandentertainmentnewssuchasDoctorWho“regenerates”attheageof50(LiLi,2014)andAnarrativestudyoftheBritishclassicchildren’sTVseriesDoctorWho(LiuRuilin,2017).DannyNicol(2018)arguedthatDoctorWhoisinrealityjustasmuchaboutBritainandBritishness.Heexploredhowtheshow,throughsciencefictionallegoryandmetaphor,constructsnationalidentityinanerainwhichidentitiesareprecarious,ambivalent,transientandelusive.ThebookinterrogatedthesubstanceofDoctorWho’sBritishnessintermsofindividualism,entrepreneurship,publicservice,class,gender,raceandsexuality.Itanalysedtheshow’sresponsetothepressuresonBritishidentitywroughtbydevolutionandseparatistcurrentsinScotlandandWales,globalization,foreignpolicyadventuresandtheunrelentingriseofthetransnationalcorporation.SarahAnnesBrown(2009),inherworksontheinfluenceof16

4Shakespeare’sworksonmodernpopularculture,exploredtheapplicationandthinkingofDoctorWhotoBritishculturalheritage.WiththeadaptationandintegrationofShakespeare’scultureastheresearchdirection,shemadeauniquesurveyoftheculturalapplicationinDoctorWho.PriyaDixit(2012)analyzedthedifferentheroicimageofDoctorfromreligious,humanitarianandmoviedialogues.BycomparingthedifferencesbetweenDoctorandotherheroes,peoplecananalyzethereasonsofrolebuildingfrommultipleperspectives,sothatpeoplecanunderstandthemeaningofrolesmore.Fromtheperspectiveoffeminism,LindyA.OrthiaandRachelMorgan(2016)conductedanin-depthstudyontherolesofmaleandfemalescientistsintheTVseriessincethelaunchofDoctorWho.Theybelievedthateventhoughwomen’sworkingabilityisnotdifferentfromthatofmen,genderinequalitystillexists.SaljooqM.AsifandCindySaenz(2017)discussedtheissuesofcolonialismandracismintheDoctorWho,analyzedthe image ofthedoctoras the savior of the worldandtheroleofblackfemalepartnerMarthaJonesintheTVseries,andbelievedthatMarthawasbasedonsocialjusticeandfarsighted,breakingthroughthepasttraditionofblackfeministimages.LiuRuilin(2017)conductedacomprehensiveandin-depthanalysisonthethemeexpression,rolesetting,narrativestructureandotheraspectsofDoctorWhofromtheperspectiveofTVdramacreation,andbelievedthatitshigh-qualitynarrativecontentanduniquenarrativestylewereoneofthereasonsforthecurrentachievements.LiLi(2013)believedthatDoctorWhoisthebestrepresentativeofBritishgeekculture.EveryDoctorhassomestrangecharacterweaknesses,buttheyallhavethespiritofself-mockeryofBritishpeople.Moreover,she madeabriefanalysisofitshistory,soastohelppeopleunderstanditsmeaning.ZhangJianping(2016)startedwiththe blackcharactersintheDoctorWho,andanalyzedthattheblackculturewasgraduallyrecognizedbythe mainstream of British society.BritishblackpeoplehaveexperiencedtheprocessfrombeingforcedtohidebeforetheSecondWorldWartoappeargraduallyatpresent.Especiallyinthebackgroundofglobalization,withtheaccelerationoftheprocessofworldintegrationandtheadjustmentofBritishdomesticpolicy,theblackpeopleinEnglandarenolongerclosedandindependentindividuals,butintertwineandinfluencewiththefateofwhitepeopleinEngland.LuoXi(2015)pointedoutthatsciencefictionTVseriessuchasDoctorWhocouldnotgetridoftheshadowofsocialhierarchy.AlltheplotsaboutthequeenofEnglandintheTVseriesembodyrespectandpraise.InDoctorWho,nomatterthehierarchyinthehistoricalplotortherelationshipbetweenhumanbeingsandrobotsorclonesinthesci-fiplot,theTVseriesreproduces,depictsorconstructstherelationshipbetweenhumanbeings,reflectingthehumanlifeindifferentpolitical,economic,socialandideologicaldevelopmentperiods.Inconclusion,researchersfromhomeandabroadanalyzedDoctorWhofrommultipleperspectivesormentionedDoctorWhointheirresearch.Accordingtotheaboveresearch,thisthesisintendstoanalyzeandstudyfromShakespeare’samazinglanguageartandadvanced16

5modernconcept,thehistoryofthecastleanditssignificance,thedifferentaccentsinBritain,thesocialhierarchythatstillexistsinBritain,thecurrentsituationoffeminisminBritain,thefootballculturelovedbytheBritish,thereflectiononscienceandtechnologyculturereflectedinDoctorWho,andtheculturalconflictandintegrationinBritish.1.1SignificanceoftheThesisBasedonthenovel way ofcreative concept,DoctorWho is popularin theworld.Therearemanyelementsinit,suchashistory,politics,sciencefiction,humor,moderncity,ancientsociety,crime,magic,classicandsoon.ThroughadetailedanalysisoftheculturalelementsofthesciencefictionTVseriesDoctorWho,readerscanbetterunderstandBritishculture.FromDoctorWho,peoplecanlearnalotaboutShakespeare’sstoriesandworks,understandthemeaningofthecastletotheBritishpeople,knowtheaccentsofdifferentpeopleintheplay,andthehierarchyexistingintheBritishsociety.Atthesametime,peoplecanalsounderstandthecurrentsituationofBritishfeminism,reflectiononscienceandtechnology,andculturalconflictandintegration.Screenwritersseemtobeomnipotentinallthetopics.Aftermorethan50yearsofbaptism,nearly100screenwritersparticipateinthecreationofthestory,buildinga different view of theuniverseandworldsystem.Thereareallkindsofalienandinterstellarculturesinthisworld,aswellastechnologicalcivilizationthathumanbeingscannotunderstandnow.Inaddition,thehumanisticfeelingsthatcanbeseeneverywhereintheplayarealsothereasonswhytheaudiencelikeit.InordertomakereadershaveadeeperunderstandingofthehumanfeelingsandculturalvaluesofBritain,thisthesisstudiestheDoctorWho.Throughthestudyofthissciencefictionplay,readerscanbeguidedtofacethingsandproblemswithdifferentthinking,understandBritishculturebetter,treatculturalconflictandintegrationcorrectly,understandandrespectmulti-cultureandcivilizationfromdifferentperspectives,breakthroughtheframeworkandgiveplaytocreativity.1.2StructureoftheThesisTherearefourpartsinthisthesis.Thefirstpartisanintroductionaboutthisthesis.Itincludestheresearchbackground,theresearchsignificanceofthethesisandthestructureofthethesis.ThesecondpartisadeepanalysisofBritishelementsofthetraditionalculturepresentedinDoctorWho.ItcontainsShakespeare’samazinglanguageartandadvancedmodernconcept,thehistoryofthecastleanditssignificance,thedifferentaccentsinBritain,andthesocialhierarchy.ThethirdpartisaboutBritishpopularculturereflectedfromDoctorWho.ItincludesthecurrentsituationoffeminisminBritain,thereflectiononscienceandtechnologyculturereflectedinDoctorWho,andtheculturalconflictandintegrationinBritish.Finally,thelastpartisaconclusionofthewholethesis.Itcombsthestructureofthethesisandsummarizesthesignificanceofthisthesiswriting.16

62.BritishElementsoftheTraditionalCulturePresentedinDoctorWho2.1TheShakespeareCodeOnDoctorWhoSeason3Episode7,“TheShakespeareCode”(2007),ShakespeareandDoctorfoughtagainstthewitch.ThroughShakespeare’samazinglanguageart,theysuccessfullysolvedthecrisis.BeintegratedintothebloodofBritishculture,ShakespearehasnotonlybecometheprideoftheBritishpeople,butalsobecomeasymbolofBritishculture.TheplotofthisepisodefullyintroducesShakespeare.DoctorandMarthawenttotheGlobeTheatreintheElizabethanLondon.AnalienraceCarrionite’s“science”wasbasedpurelyonthepowerofwordsandtheyhavebeendrawntoElizabethanLondonbyShakespeare’sownwords—“newandglitteringfromamindlikenoother”(SarahBrown,2009:172).ThisplotexpressedBritishadmirationforShakespeare’slanguage.ThecontentofhisworkswasthebestexampleofEnglish language arts.HepushedEnglishtothetopbyhimself.Withhisgoodstrongvocabulary,hecreatedmanywords,whichlaidthefoundationforthewidespreadofEnglishintheworld.HewasthegreatdramatistoftheRenaissance,andagreatstarinEnglishliterature.Accordingtohistorians,QueenElizabethIwasveryfondofShakespeare’splays,soQueenElizabethIshouldbeanessentialpartofthisepisode,andQueenElizabethappearedatShakespeare’stheatreattheendofthisepisode.Hisplaysarethemostpublishedandperformedintheworld.ShakespearetoldDoctorthathewrotethesestoriesbecausehewasverysadtolosehisson.ItremindedaudiencesthatShakespeare’sworksadvocatednoblesentimentandoftenrelatedtosacrificeandrevenge(SarahBrown,2009:173).Inthisepisode,ShakespearecouldeventellthattheDoctorisnotfromearthandMarthaisfromthefuture.ItinasenseenhancedtheauraaroundShakespeare’splaysbyhintingattheirotherworldlyprovenance.Nowadays,therearesomanyperformancesofShakespeare’splaysintheworld.However,onlyafewofthemwearoriginalcostumesofShakespeare’s.Mostoftheshowsareinmodernorevenfuturecostumes.Thefirstthingeachdirectorneedstodecidebeforetheshowiswherethestorywilltakeplaceandwhatkindofclothestheactorswillwear. Buttheyonlyabridgeanddon’tneedtochangethescript,whichalsoprovesthecontemporarysignificanceofShakespeare.Forthelineswrittenhundredsofyearsago,ifperformersoftheplayweredressedinmodernclothes,theaudiencewouldnotfeelstrange,andtheywouldfeelquitereal.Shakespeare’svisionwasdifferentfromthesecular,whohasalong-termvision.Intheeraoflowstatusofblackpeople,hecouldseetheadvantagesofBlackfemalepartnerMartha,andappreciatedandpraisedherverymuch.ThiswaspreciselybecauseofShakespeare’smodernconcept,whichmeansthatShakespeare’sworkscanbeconstantly16

7examined,studiedandinterpretedevenyearslater(Net2).Thenameofthisepisodeis“ShakespeareCode”,somanyculturalelementsofShakespearearereflectedintheworks.2.2CastleManyscenesofDoctorWhowereshotinthecastle.Forexample,OnDoctorWhoSeason5Episode6,“theVampiresofVenice”(2010)andSeason4Episode13,“Journey’sEnd”(2008)wereshotinCastellCoch,andDoctorWhoSeason4Episode7“TheUnicornandtheWasp”(2008)wereshotinHensolCastle.CastleisanimportantcarrierofpoliticalandeconomiclifeinthemiddleagesofEurope,andanimportantcontentofmilitaryhistory,architecturalhistory,economichistoryandculturalhistoryinthemiddleages.Forexample,theinteriorofthecastlewasusedastheprimeminister’sofficeonDoctorWhoSeason1Episode5,“WorldWarThree”(2005)andSeason3Episode12,“TheSoundofDrums”(2007).OnDoctorWhoSeason5Episode6,“theVampiresofVenice”(2010),thecastlewasthesiteofagirls'school.OnSeason4Episode13,“Journey’sEnd”(2008),thecastlewasamilitarybase.InEngland,castlesaresimilartochurchesandarewidespread.It’seasytofindthatcastlesareoftenlocatedinfortresses,builtofsolidmaterialssuchasstone,withahistoryofhundredsofyears.Theyareoftenroyalornoblemansions,withluxuriousinteriordecoration,strongwalls,easytodefendandhardtoattack(赵阳,2012).Sinceitsbirth,castlehasbeenalandmarkbuildinginacertaindistrict.Itrepresentstheperfectintegrationofhumanlandscapeandnaturallandscape.Theinteractionandpromotionofthetwolandscapesmakethecastlehavespecialsymbolicsignificance.Almosteverytimethereisacastleinthefilm,therewillbeanestablishing shot,recordingthecastlewiththesurroundingnaturallandscape.OnDoctorWhoChristmasSpecial,“TheDoctor,TheWidowandTheWardrobe”(2011),thecastlewasMaggieandherchildren’svacationvillainthecountry.Thecastlewasintegratedwiththesurroundingwoods.Thesnowcoveredthecastleandtrees,justlikethesceneofthearistocraticfamilyatChristmasinthegloriousdaysofQueenVictoria.Symbolicmeaningrunsthroughthewholedevelopmentprocessfromtheriseofthecastletotheendofthemiddleages.EvenfromtheendoftheMiddleAgestotoday,intheyearswhentheeconomic,political,militaryandotherpracticalfunctionsofthecastlehaveweakenedorevencompletelydisappearedduetovariousreasons,thesymbolicmeaningofthecastlestillexistsandcontinuestoplayitsuniquefunctionsindifferentperiods(赵阳,2012).OnDoctorWhoSeason4Episode7“TheUnicornandtheWasp”(2008),theDoctorsentAgathaChristie,whowasinacoma,totheharrogayHotel,whichisactuallyHensolCastle.ThestorywasbasedonthebizarredisappearanceofAgathaChristieonDecember11,1926.Atonepoint,theeventwasreportedbythemedia,andshewasfinallyfoundinahotelinHarrogate.Furthermore,theinteriorofthecastlewasusedastheprimeminister’sofficeonDoctorWho16

8Season1Episode4,“AliensofLondon”(2005).WhattheBritishpursueisakindof“senseofhistory”,akindof“massiness”ofabuildinggivenbytimeandexperience.Afterall,thesignificanceofanybuildingexistsnotonlyinitsdesignandappearance,butalsoinwhathappenstoit,thatis,whatstorythebuildinghas.SoifpeoplethinkofBritainasarchaic,thenthisiswheretheyareproud(张剑,2014).Therefore,thecastleelementisreflectedintheworks.2.3VariationsinBritishAccentsInBritain,Englishisthemainlanguage,andithasdifferentcharacteristicsindifferentplaces.ThecharactersintheTVseriesalsohavedifferentaccents.Theactors’accentsweremoreorlessadaptedtotheneedoftelevisionbroadcasting.Althoughmostoftheregionalaccentswerenotasnativeaswhattheyreallysoundinreallife,theyindeedremainedsomeofthemostessentialcharacteristics.Theroleofthe12thDoctorandtheroleofAmyPondfromDoctor WhoallspokewithaScottishaccent.ScottishaccentisaveryspecialaccentinBritishaccent.Ithasaspecialtone.Forexample,itusingrisingtoneinalotofplacesthatdon'tneedrisingtone.Themostobvioustraitwastherhotic“r”andthepronunciationoftheletter“a”ofAmyPond’saccentinDoctorWho.The“a”soundstayedremarkablyinthefrontandthemouthopennesswasmuchwiderthantheotheraccents(Net3).TheBritishEnglishpeoplearefamiliarwithRPEnglish,alsoknownasOxfordEnglishandQueen’sEnglish.Theroleofthe11thDoctorandtheroleofRiverSongusedit.Thisaccentisthemostpopularvoice,whichiswidelyusedinnewsreport,politicalspeechandamongupperclasspeople.ManyaudiencesfoundRiverSong’saccentwasalmostliketheladyinIELTSwhowasgivinginstruction.That’spartlybecauseProfessorSongwassuchaprestigiousandknowledgablecharacter,andshewasasuccessfulrolemodelastoughasMargaretThatcher(Net4).Theroleofthe9thDoctor,whowasplayedbyChristopherEccleston,wasfromManchesterandheusedManchesteraccent.ItshowedalotoftraitsofNorthernaccent.InmostNorthernaccent,theletter“g”thatattheendofwordispronounced.Furthermore,theletter“u”and“o”alsohavetheuniquepronunciation(Net4).Thereisaninterestingplotintheplay:RoseaskedDoctor:“Ifyouareanalien,howcomesyousoundlikeyou’refromthenorth?”Doctoranswered:“Lotsofplanetshaveanorth.”ClarainDoctorWhohasasimilaraccent.Sheworkedasateacherintheplay,somostofheraccentswereclosetoRPEnglish.However,whenshesaid:“Thesouffleisn'tthesouffle.Thesouffleistherecipe.”Itcanbeeasilyrecognizedsimilaritiesinthepronunciationoftheletter“u”and“o”.InDoctorWho,theroleofthe10thDoctor,whowasplayedbyDavidTennant,usedtheEstuaryaccent,anaccentthat’swidelyusedinLondon.ItsintonationissomewherebetweenthestandardRPaccentandthewell-knownCockneyaccentwhichismassivelyusedinLondon’16

9sEastEnd.ThesoundsofvowelsarenotasfullasthoseintheRPaccent.Furthermore,itsconsonantendingsarenotglottalisedasmuchastheCockneydoes.EstuaryaccentiscommonlyseeninthemiddleclassinLondon(Net4).Inconclusion,theaccentsshoweddifferentstoriesofthedifferentcharacters.Theaudiencecouldguesswheretheactorscomefromaccordingtotheiraccents.Differentaccentsareanelementoftheshow.2.4SocialHierarchyThecharacteristicsofBritishpoliticsareunique.Ithasmanynationalitiesandthefeudalmonarchyhasalonghistory.Evenifthebourgeoisrevolutioniscarriedout,thefeudalmonarchycannotbecompletelyoverthrown.Therefore,Britaincanonlyimplementthepoliticalsystemofcoexistenceoftraditionalmonarchyandfreedemocracy.ManyoftheplotsreflectedtheBritishrespectforthequeenandrecognitionofthemonarchy.OnDoctorWhoSeason10Episode9,“expressofMars”(2017),NASAdiscoveredamessagereadingGODSAVETHEQUEENundertheiceonMars’ssurface,andtheMars’s ancientspeciesalsohasitsqueen.TheBritishhaveaclearsenseofclass.FromtheBritishTVseries,whetheritwasmodernorthe18thand19thcenturyBritain,classcouldbewellreflected.Therearenotonlyclassdifferencesbetweenthenobleandthepoor,butalsobetweenthecapitalistclassandtheproletariat.Althoughtherealaristocracyandbourgeoisiearenottheluxuryinallaspectsoflifestylebutthesteadycharacterandtheresponsibilitytoprotectthetradition,theyarestilldeeplyawareofthehierarchyintheirbones.Traditionally,Britainisacountrywithstricthierarchy.Thereareclearhierarchynormsinmany respects,suchasmarriage,makingfriends,workandsoon.EventhemostcommonEnglishwordsaredifferentindifferentclasses.Thecommonclassisabsolutelynotallowedtousethewordsofnobility.ThemiddleclasscharactersinDoctorWhomoreusedthewords“sorry”,“settee”,“lounges”,“dessert”,whiletheupperclasscharactersusethewords“pardon”“sofa”,“sittingroom”and“pudding”,whichitwaseasytoseethatthereisaveryclearclassconsciousnessintheculture.Moreover,peoplecanseeeachother’sclassthroughgestures,conversation,dressandideology.TheDoctorcalledhimselfatimeLord.Asa“Lord”,theDoctorwasproficientinmanylanguagesandmusic,andhastheelegantmanner.Heworegentleman'shat,crutch,umbrella,cigar,tuxedo,bowtie.Hewas too much of a gentleman,justastheimageoftheAristocraticfigures.Peopleofdifferentclasseslivedindifferentareas,andwhattheyseeandhearisdifferentsocialfeatures.RoseandMickeyinDoctorWhoweretheordinaryworkingclass,andtheylivedinslumapartmentbuilding.AmyPondinDoctorWhowasastar.SheandherhusbandlivedinCottage(张亚东,2014).Furthermore,theaccentsthatmentionedabovearealsoshowthesocialhierarchythatexistsinmodernBritain.ThoughtheRPaccentandEstuaryaccentarebothwidelyusedinLondon,the16

10RPaccentusedbyRiverSonginDoctorWhoshowedaperson’seducationbackgroundandsocialstatus,anditwasmainlyusedbythemiddleandupperclassofthesociety,whiletheEstuaryaccentwascommonlyseeninthemiddleclassinLondon.Martha,theblackfemalecharacterinDoctorWho,wasadoctorbyprofession.Witharelativelymoreeducated,MarthaspokeEstuaryaccent.AsforRoseandMickeyinDoctorWho,whowerenotthatwealthyandknowledgable,theiraccentsmovedslightlytowardstheCockneyaccent.ItcanbeseenfromtheabovethatsocialhierarchyisalsoanelementreflectedintheTVseries.3.BritishPopularCultureReflectedfromDoctorWhoSincethelaunchoftheneweditionofDoctorWhoin2005,theplotandstorybackgroundareclosertothetimesandtheaudience.Inaddition,alargenumberofpopularelementsareintroducedintothecontentofthedrama,andthecharactermodelingismoreinlinewiththecontemporaryaesthetic.Thisformofadaptation,whichisfreshandclosetolife,makesitagreatsuccess.Throughwatchingandanalyzing,aseveralBritishpopularculturesreflectedfromDoctorWhocanbefound.3.1Feminism Asthebirthplaceofmoderndemocracyandegalitarianism,Britain’sfeministmovement,themovementforwomen’sequalrights,hasalonghistoryandstory.MenalwaysplayanimportantroleinbothfilmsandTVprogramsaswellasinhistoricalworks.Theyareinanabsolutelydominantposition,withsupremerights,andalwaysleadwomen.AssoonastheappearanceoftheimageofDoctor,amanwithsomegentlemanlybutoptimisticandcunning,waswidelypraisedbytheaudience.TheBBCseemedtobeprovingthatitcangofurtherinfeminism.Sincethe13thDoctorhasbeenidentifiedasawoman,therehasbeenadebateaboutFeminismonvariousInternetplatformsintheUK.Therewereevenmanynetworkpublicopinionattacksontheactressofthe13thDoctor,andsomeaudiencessaidtheywouldneverwatchtheshowagain.Britishaudiencesthoughtthatthismovewastheshow’sfeministcredentials.DoctorWhodramagrouphaswomenplaythe13thdoctor.Thereweremanymaleaudiences,whogrewupwatchingtheoldversionofDoctorWho.OncetheDoctorbecomesawoman,theylosethesenseofidentitythattheyhaveestablishedovertheyearsfortheroleoftheDoctor.AccordingtotheinterviewwithColinBaker,thesixthdoctoractor,20%ormorepeoplethoughtthattheideaof“theDoctorisawoman”isinconceivable,includingmanyfemaleaudiences.Heabhorredtheobstaclesthatstandintheirwaytopreventthemfromgainingopportunities.ThereisalackofstrikingfemalerolemodelsinsocietyandinTVandfilm.Therearefewrealopportunitiesforyoungwomentounderstandthattheyhavetherightto16

11beinspiredbythissuccess(Net5).Afterenteringthe21stcentury,thefeministmovementinEuropeandAmericahasalsomadeaqualitativeleap.MoreandmorefilmsandTVplaysbegintoemphasizetheroleofwomeninliteraryandartisticworks.Femalecharactersalsograduallygettherighttospeakandbecometheprotagonistsofthestory.Forhalfacentury,alltwelveDoctorswerewhitemen.ConsideringthattheregenerationofDoctorcouldbeturnedintowomenintheory,thevoiceoffemaleDoctorwasparticularlyhigh.TheBritishpeoplemostlysupportedthisdecision.Theythoughtthatit’salmostthetimeforafemaleDoctortoappear,especiallytheincreaseofexcellentfemaleroleshasattractedmorefemaleaudiences(Net6).Beforetheappearanceofthe13thfemaledoctor,theaudiencefoundthattheimageoftheDoctor’sfemalepartnerhadalsobeenchanging,andthestatusofwomenintheplayhadbeenimproving.CompanionAmyPondhasalwaysbeenstubborn,determinedandrarelydoubtsherownabilities.Incontrast,herhusbandRorywasacaringandloyalnurse.Inseason10,whentheDoctormentionedhishometown,hesaid:“Wearethemostcivilizedcivilizationintheuniverse.Wearebillionsofyearsbeyondyourprettyhumanobsessionwithgenderanditsassociatedstereotypes.”ItshowedthatDoctorisalsoobjecttogenderinequalityinsociety.Inthenewseason,Femaledoctorwasnotonlybraveandintelligent,butalsogentlerthanever.Shetookmorecareofhercompanion’smoodandismorehumane.Whentheheroinegraduallyappearsinthefilmandtelevisionworks,infact,itshouldnotbesurprisedbytheTVplayledbytheheroine.Inparticular,theBBChasbeentryingtomakeitsprogramsmorediversifiedinrecentyears.DoctorWhoisahottopicoffeminism.ItcanbeseenfromtheabovethattheTVplayreflectstheelementsoffeminism.3.2A Reflection on Scienceand Technology BritishTVserieshavealwaysbeenexploringtherelationshipbetweenhumanbeingsandtechnology.ManyTVserieshaveexpressedtheirconcernsaboutthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.TherewerealsomanythoughtsaboutscienceandtechnologyinDoctorWho.OnDoctorWhoSeason6Episode5,“TheRebelFlesh”(2011),theclonesofseveralresearchersunexpectedlyhadanindependentconsciousness.Researcherswantedtokillclones,andclonesfoughtbackbecauseoftheirfear.Attheendofthestory,theclonesacrificedtosavehumanbeings.Scientistsuseclonestoaccomplishdangerouswork,buttheyareafraidwhentheyhaveconsciousness.Justaspeoplegiverobotsalotoffunctionsinreality,whiletheyareafraidthatrobotswillrevolt.Peoplearelookingforwardtothedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,buttheyareafraidthatitwillbringbadresults(Net7).OnDoctorWhoSeason10Episode2,“Smile”(2017),theplaydepictedacountrywithhighlydevelopedscienceandtechnology,wherepeoplelivedandworkedinpeace.Inordertomakethecountryfullofhappiness,residentscreatedarobotcalled“Smile”.Peoplefocusedontheresultofhappiness,butforgotthe16

12reasonofhappiness.Finally,theserobotseliminatedalltheunhappypeople.However,DoctorWhodidn’tgivetheaudienceaclearanswertothequestionthatwhetherthehumanmakesthedesignfortechnologytooabsoluteorwhetherhumanbeingsshouldnottrustandrelysomuchontechnology.Doctorcouldn’tdecidethechoiceofhumanbeings.Allhecandowastosolvethecontradictionandletthetwosidesgetalongpeacefullyforthetimebeing(Net8).OnDoctorWhoSeason12Episode2,“Spyfall”(2019),agroupofalienswantedtocontroltheEarthbyrecordingandchanginghumanDNA.Theydevelopednetworksystemsandgamesforhumanbeings,andhumanbeingshandedthemtotalaccesstotheirlives.Alienscouldeasilyknowwherehumansbuy,wherehumansgo,whathumanstext,humans’everythoughtandpostandsoon.Humansthoughtthattheirdataissafe,however,alienscoulddoanythingthroughthenet.Aliensalmostsucceededinusingthenettoconquertheworld.Inthisstory,peopletrustednetworktechnologytoomuch,buttheydidn’tknowthattheirauthorizationmakesallinformationexposedtothenetwork.PeoplenowbelieveintheInternetandtheykeepclicking“Agree”,butthey’regoingtobecaughtinthenetatanytime.TheDoctor’sTardismeant“TimeandRelativeDimensioninSpace”.WithTardis’help,Doctorcouldreachanywhere.Thestorieshappenedincontemporary,ancientBritain,theotherplacesintheworld,orinsomefarawayworldorspacestation.Itexpressedpeople’seternalexplorationofhistory,futureanduniverse(DannyNicol,2018).FromDoctorWho,peoplecanknowthatthisTVserieshasalwaysbeenexploringhowwillfuturehumanbeingsdealwithtechnologyandlife,whatwillbetheemotionalexperiencebetweentechnologyandhumanbeingsandtheimpactofscienceandtechnologyonhumanbeingsisgoodorbad.3.3CulturalConflictandIntegrationBritainhasalonghistory.Itisnotonlythefirstcountryintheworldtorealizeindustrializationandurbanization,butalsohasaverydevelopedmodernculture.BecausethestoryofeachepisodeofDoctorWhotookplaceindifferenttimesandplaces,audiencecouldseethatBritainalsohasmagnificentancientcastle,quietandbeautifulcountryside,whichalsohasstrongBritishstyle.Itsarchitecturalculture,religiousculture,ruralculture,fashionculture,sportscultureandsoonareallhavetheirowncharacteristics.DifferentracesgatherinBritain,whichpromotesculturalexchangeandintegration.Doctorwasalwaysgoodatsolvingconflictsamongdifferentraces.Withhishelp,variousethnicgroupshavelearnedtoliveinpeace.It'slikereallifeinBritain.ThelargenumberofBlack,Asian,orientalandmixed-heritageactorsinDoctorWhomakesaudiencefeelgoodaboutBritainasamultiracialcountry(Net9).OnDoctorWhoSeason5Episode9,“ColdBlood”(2010),Doctorandsomepeoplewentdeepundergroundandfoundanancientrace,reptilianrace,whichhasbeendisturbedbythedrilling.TheyclaimedthattheywareancientinhabitantsoftheEarthandhumanbeingsweretheinvaderswhooccupiedtheirhomes.Reptilianracewantedtoattackpeopleandreturntolifeon16

13theground.Amysuggestedthattheycouldliveinareaswithfewhumanbeings,suchasdeserts.Humanbeingsandtheycouldcoexistpeacefully.Althoughthetwoethnicculturesweredifferentandthereweremanyconflictsatthebeginning,Doctorstilltriedtopersuadethetwosidestoliveinharmony.Inthisnegotiationofculturalintegration,althoughsomepeopledidn’tunderstandandsupportit,itdidn’tmeanthatallpeopledonotlikepeace.Therewerestillmanypeoplewhoaretryingtopromotecooperation.It'slikeculturalconflictandintegrationinBritishsociety,therelationshipbetweenhumanandreptilianraceinthisepisodeissimilartothatbetweenBritainandScotland.ScotlandandEnglandarenotoriginallyfromonenation.TheScotsarethedescendantsoftheCelts,whiletheancestorsoftheEnglisharetheAngloSaxons.Moreover,ScotsareaboriginesandEnglishmenareimmigrants.ArecentmediasurveyshowedthatbothScotsandEnglishmenwantScotlandtobeindependent.It'sverysimilartotherelationshipbetweenthetwoethnicsinDoctorWho.Eveniftheproblemcouldbesolvedpeacefully,thereweremanypeopleonbothsideswhorefusetoliveinpeace.Somehumansresistedbecauseoffear,someReptilianschosewarbecausetheywantedtomonopolizetheEarth.Similarly,Scotlandasanationhasaspecialsenseofnationalpride,butbecauseitislocatedontheedgeofBritain,whichoftenembracesasenseofmarginalization.InadditiontothepoliticalandeconomicpoliciesofthecentralgovernmentthatmaybedetrimentaltoScotland,someEnglishalsohaveasenseofsuperiorityofinternalization,unconsciouslyshowingdisdainfortheScotsandtheScottishnation,justastheyshowthatattitudetowardsthecolonies.ItcouldhurtScotsdeeply,oritcouldbeahotbedofScottishnationalism(张剑,2014).Therefore,culturalconflictandintegrationisthenormintheUK.ThereweremanyforeignersimmigratingtotheUK,justasDoctorencounteredmanyaliensduringthetravels.InthedevelopmentofBritain,newculturalelementsareconstantlycomingin.Ontheroadofculturaldevelopment,therearestillmanyproblemstobesolved.Itshouldpayattentiontotheproblemsofidentity,raceandculturalcontrast,andthinkingaboutthecombinationofdifferentcultures,differentnationalitiesandevendifferentsocialstrata.4.ConclusionInconclusion,thisthesisanalyzedsomeBritishelementsofDoctorWho,whichhasgreatresearchspaceandacademicsignificanceforacademicresearch.ItshowsreadersthattheycanstudyDoctorWhofromsomeaspects,suchasShakespeare,castle,accents,socialhierarchy,feminism,thereflectiononscienceandtechnologyculture,andtheculturalconflictandintegration.Therearefourpartsinthisthesis.Aftertheintroduction,ithasananalysisofBritishelementsofthetraditionalculturepresentedinDoctorWho.ItcontainsShakespeare’samazinglanguageartandmodernconcept,thehistoryofthecastleanditssignificance,thedifferent16

14accentsinBritain,andthesocialhierarchy.ThenthethesishasananalysisoftheBritishPopularCulturereflectedfromDoctorWho.ItincludesthecurrentsituationoffeminisminBritain,thereflectiononscienceandtechnologyculturereflectedinDoctorWho,andtheculturalconflictandintegrationinBritish.Thelastpartisaconclusionofthewholethesis.UnderstandingDoctorWho,peoplecancorrectlytreatculturalconflictandintegration,understandandrespectmultiplecultures,andcivilizationfromdifferentperspectives,breakingthroughtheframeworktoplayacreativerole.Thestudyofthissciencefictionplaycannotonlyhelppeoplelearnalotofknowledge,butalsousedifferentthinkingtoseethingsandproblems.Moreover,withtheinfiniteimaginationofsciencefiction,peoplecanbroadenthehorizon,learntounderstandandrespectmultiplecultures,andunderstandallphenomena on earth.References16

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