path analysis of cross-national data taking measurement errors into account

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1、CHAPTER29PATHANALYSISOFCROSS-NATIONALDATATAKINGMEASUREMENTERRORSINTOACCOUNTIngridM.E.MunckStatisticsSweden29.1INTRODUCTIONWithcovariancestructuremodelsonecanmodelandestimatemeasure-menterrorsandtaketheseerrorsintoaccountinthestatisticalanalysisofrelationships.T

2、hisisparticularlyusefulwhendataqualityvariesamongpopulationsinacross-nationalsurvey.Thedevelopmentinthisfieldofbothstatisticalmethodologyandcomputerprogrammingtechnologyhasnowreachedapointwhereitisfeasibletodosomethingaboutmeasurementerrorsinstatisticalanaly-si

3、s.Theassumptionsunderwhichweworkaremuchmorerealisticthanearlierones,andthereisefficientsoftwareforbothPCandformainframeapplications;seeforexampleBollen(1989).29.1.1ACross-NationalPathAnalysisControllingforMeasurementErrorsThischapterpresentsacross-nationalappli

4、cationofapathmodelconcerningtherelationshipsbetweenschoolingandhomestatus.ThecapacityoftheLISRELprogrambyJöreskogandSörbom(1989)toanalyzedatafromseveralpopulationssimultaneouslyhasbeenusedandfoundveryappropriateforcross-nationalstatisticalanalysesofdata.Measure

5、mentErrorsinSurveys.EditedbyBiemer,Groves,Lyberg,Mathiowetz,andSudman.Copyrighte1991byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.ISBN:0-471-53405-6600PATHANALYSISOFCROSS-NATIONALDATAWeareconcernedaboutthenatureandsizeofmeasurementerroreffects.Thisisstudiedbymeansof1.acomparisonbetween

6、theexplanatorypoweroffactorsinapathmodelbeforeandaftermeasurementerrorsaretakenintoaccount,and2.theestimationofan"international"pathmodelinwhichcountry-specificmeasurementerrorsarecontrolledforandpartialedout.29.1.2IEACross-NationalSurveyTheapplicationpresented

7、hereistakenfromthefieldofevaluationsurveyresearchineducation.ThehistoryoftheInternationalAssoci-ationfortheEvaluationofEducationalAchievement(IEA)datesbacktotheendofthe1950'swhenresearchersfromtwelvecountriesdecidedtocooperateinacross-nationalstudyofeducational

8、achievement(Husén,1967).Thesuccessofthisstudyindevelopingschoolachievementtestsforuseinvariouslanguagesledtotheestablishmentofaspecialnon-profit,nongovernmentalorganizationw