python data analysis data visualization

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1、DataVisualizationOneofthefirststepsindataanalysisisvisualization.Evenwhenlookingatatableofvalues,wecanformamentalimageofwhatthedatamightlooklikewhengraphed.Datavisualizationcallsfortheconceptionandanalysisofthevisualrepresentationofinformation,signifyingdatathathasbeenabstractedinsomeformal

2、pattern,includingpropertiesorquantitiesforunitsofmeasurementsofthedata.Datavisualizationistightlyassociatedwithscientificvisualizationandstatisticalgraphics.ThePythonmatplotlib(alllowercase)libraryisawell-knownplottinglibrarybasedonNumPy,whichwewillbeusinginthischapter.Ithasanobject-oriente

3、dandaproceduralMATLAB-likeAPI,whichcanbeusedinparallel.Agallerywithmatplotlibexamplescanbefoundathttp://matplotlib.org/gallery.html.Thefollowingisalistoftopicsthatwillbecoveredinthischapter:•Basicmatplotlibplots•Logarithmicplots•Scatterplots•Legendsandannotations•Three-dimensionalplots•Plot

4、tinginpandas•Lagplots•Autocorrelationplots•Plot.lyDataVisualizationmatplotlibsubpackagesIfwepickupourpkg_check.pyfileprovidedinthecodebundleandchangethecodetolistthematplotlibsubpackages,wegetthefollowingresult:matplotlibversion1.3.1matplotlib.axesmatplotlib.backendsmatplotlib.compatmatplot

5、lib.delaunayDESCRIPTION:Author:RobertKern:Copyright:Copyright2005RobertKern.:License:BSD-stylelicense.SeeLICENSE.txmatplotlib.projectionsmatplotlib.sphinxextmatplotlib.stylematplotlib.testingmatplotlib.testsmatplotlib.triThesubpackagenamesareprettyself-explanatory.Bac

6、kendsreferstothewaytheendresultisoutput.Thiscanbeoneofseveralfileformatsoronthescreeninagraphicaluserinterface.Forcompleteness,refertothefollowingsnippetwiththechangedlinesinpkg_check.py:importmatplotlibasmplprint"matplotlibversion",mpl.__version__print_desc("matplotlib",mpl.__path__)Basicm

7、atplotlibplotsWeinstalledmatplotlibandIPythoninChapter1,GettingStartedwithPythonLibraries.Pleasegobacktothatchapterifyouneedto.TheproceduralMATLAB-likematplotlibAPIisconsideredbymanyassimplertousethantheobject-orientedAPI,sowewilldemonstratethisprocedura