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1、22ReligiousLibertyConceivedasaHuman RightRobert AudiRightsarebetterthangold.Theirvalueisincalculablygreat;theycannotbelostbytheft;and—inprinciple—theyprotectusfrommyriadharms.Atthenationallevel,therightsbackedbygovernmentconstitutedeonticcapitalwhosevalueisincom-mensurablewithitsgoldreserves,andt
2、heirprotectionismoreimportantthangrossnationalproduct.Butrightsarealsohardertoidentifythangold;theirqualityisnotmeasurableinanystraightforwardway;andtherightspossessedbyothersautomati-callyaffectours.Thenotionofareligionisperhapsnoeasiertoclarifythanthatofaright.Thequestion,then,ofwhetherthereisa
3、humanrighttoreligiouslibertyisdou-blydifficult.ThatquestioniscentralforLorenzoZuccain“FreedomofReligioninaSecularWorld”1anditwillalsobecentralinthispaper,whichexploreshishighlyinformativeessayatseveralimportantpoints.I.A BroadConceptionof RightsMyconcernhereismainlymoralrights,butlegalrights,whic
4、hcommonlyalignwiththem—oftenbyrestingonadifferentgroundsupportingthesamecontent—willalsofigureinthediscussion.Onanyconceptionofrights,moral,legal,ormorenarrowlyinstitutional,theyarethesortsofthingsthatmaybe(amongotherthings)claimed,asserted,respected,violated,andforfeited.Humanrightssuchastherigh
5、ttofreespeech,canbeclaimedonamoralbasisevenifnotunderlaw.Presumablysomerights,suchastherightnottobeenslaved,are“inalienable”andhencecannotbetransferred;some,suchastherightnottobepunishedforadeedonehasnotdone,mayalsobeplausiblyheldtobeincapableofforfeit.A.Sketchofaconceptionof rightsItisdifficultt
6、ofindaclearunifyingnotionofaright.Perhapsthemostwecanhopeforistoidentifyacoreideathat,interpretedbroadly,providesthebasisforaccount.Onmyview—whichI sketchtoclarifythediscussiontofollow—aright,inwhatseemsthemostbasicsense,is(roughlyandinverybroadterms)adefeasiblenormativepro-tectionfromacertainkin
7、dofcoerciveconduct,suchassuppressionoffreespeech.21Thisvolume,ch.21,388.Allsubsequentreferencestoch.21appearparentheticallyinthetext.2Theoverallaccountofrightsinthissectionisbasedinlargepartonthesketchofrightspre-sente
