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1、虚拟语气:虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。a.同现在事实相反的假设。句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should(would)+动词原形Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.Ifplaces_____alike,therewouldbelittleneedforgeographers.A.beingB.areC.beD.were如果各地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。（Ｄ）b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。句型：条件从句主句过去完成时should(would)have+过去分词Ifshehadworked
2、harder,shewouldhavesucceeded.Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyouhadbeenmorecareful.IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.含义：Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit.Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewoul
3、dhavemadegreaterprogress.含义：Hewasillandmissedmanylessons,sohedidnotmakegreaterprogress.Ifthepolicemanhadarrivedearlier,hewouldhaveseentheaccident.Ifbettermaterialhadbeenused,theefficiencyofthemachinewouldhavebeenmuchincreased.如果使用更好的材料，机器的效率会大大提高。c.表示对将来的假想句型：条件从句主句were+不定式would+动词原形should+动词
4、原形Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,weshouldhavetoputoffthepicnic.Jeandoesn'twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe____ajob,sheprobablywouldn'tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.A)hastogetB)weretogetC)hadgotD)cou
5、ldhavegot吉不想立刻工作，因为她想：如果她得到一份工作，她就不能经常去看她的朋友了。(B)2.2混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）Ifithadrainedlastnight(过去),itwouldbeverycoldtoday(现在).IfIhadn'tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you____n
6、ow.A)wouldn'tbesmilingB)couldn'thavesmiledC)won'tsmileD)didn'tsmile(A)你掉下来的时候，如果我没有站在梯子下面看着你，你现在就不会笑了。2.3虚拟条件句的倒装were,should,或had,可将if省略，再把were,should或had虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有移到从句句首，实行倒装。Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim=Ifyouhadc
7、omeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved.注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.如果我是你，就会去找他。Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.如果他在这
