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1、Appendix：GreenBarriersfromtheStandpointofSustainableDevelopmentAbstract:Greenbarriersareonekindofnon-tariffbarrier(NTB).Thispaperpointsoutthatgreenbarriersevolvedfromsustainabledevelopmenttheoryandenvironmentalprotection,butarecompatiblewithtruecomparativeadvantage
2、.ThebestwaytosurmountgreenbarriersforChineseenterprisesistoimplementcircularproductionprocessesandcleanproductiontechniques.KeyWords:Greenbarriers,sustainabledevelopment,ecologyenvironment,circulareconomy,life-cycleanalysis.1.IntroductionSincetheopeningupandeconomi
3、creformofChina,itsforeigntradevolumehasrisencontinuouslyfromUS$20.6billionin1978toUS$1,422billionin2005.ThesumofexportsplusimportsasafractionofGDPis65.8%,theshareofexportsis36.2%,theshareofimportsis29.6%in2006inChina(TheNationalBureauofStatisticsofChina,2006).Expor
4、tsmainlyconcentrateonlaborintensiveandresourceintensiveindustries:laborintensiveproductsaccountingfor40%oftotalmanufacturingexportsandresourceintensiveincludingrubberandmetalproductsaccountingfor20%.Thisexportpatterndepletesresourcesandcauseshighemissionsandhighpol
5、lution,aseriousenvironmentalprobleminChina(Gu,2005).Inaddition,besidesagriculturalproducts,theexportationofmechanicalandelectricalproductsisfacingincreasingtechnicalbarrierssuchasnoise,pollution,safetystandards,energysaving,andrecyclingrequirements.Everyyear,aboutU
6、S$8billionofexportproductsareaffectedbyforeigngreenlabelingandtrademarksandUS$24billionofproductsareindirectlyinfluencedsincepackingmethodsdonotsatisfytheenvironmentalprotectionstandardofdevelopedcountries.Therefore,howtotreatandcopewithgreenbarriersisimperativefor
7、China’sforeigntrade.2.GreenBarriersWhiletherearenoaccurateandcleardefinitionsininternationaltreatiesoragreements,a‘greenbarrier’isanewtermtomeantheapplicationofstricttechnicalstandardsandregulationsininternationaltrade(Dong,2003).Besidesagreenenvironmentallabel,gre
8、enbarriersalsoincludeenvironmentalsurtaxes,marketaccessrequirements,greentechnologystandards,greenpackaging,greensanitarymeasuresandgreensubsidia
