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1、园艺园林|加工储藏|休闲农业不同苦瓜品种多糖与皂苷的含量差异及最佳采摘期研究曹晶晶1,徐丽珊1,沈佳鑫1,俞金龙2,朱璞2(1.浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江金华321004;2.金华市农业科学研究院,浙江金华321017)摘要:为了研究不同苦瓜品种中多糖和皂苷含量的差异,以41个苦瓜品种为材料,进行了多糖和皂苷含量测定,并对结果进行了聚类分析。结果表明:多糖与皂苷的含量在不同品种间存在显著差异;41个苦瓜品种可聚为7大类群,在7大类群中,类群5(碧丽)为多糖与皂苷含量最高的优选品种,其余各类群多糖含量与皂苷含量的相关性并不
2、显著。同时,又以如玉5号和早碧绿两个主栽品种为材料,进行了最适采摘期的研究。结果表明:多糖含量随着发育时间的延长逐渐增加;而皂苷含量随着发育时间的延长出现升降波动;从供试苦瓜的整体来看,如玉5号和早碧绿两个品种的的最佳采摘期分别在授粉后25和25~30d。关键词:苦瓜;品种;采摘期;多糖;皂苷;聚类分析中图分类号:S567文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-060X(2014)02-0063-04DifferencesinContentsofPolysaccharideandSaponinamongDifferentVarietie
3、sofMomordicacharantiaL.andItsOptimalHarvestingPeriodCAOJing-jing1,XULi-shan1,SHENJia-xin1,YUJin-long2,ZHUPu2(1.CollegeofChemistryandLifeScience,ZhejiangNormalUniversity,Jinhua321004,PRC;2.JinhuaMunicipalAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Jinhua321017,PRC)Abstract:Inorderto
4、studythedifferencesincontentsofpolysaccharideandsaponinbetweendifferentvarietiesofMomordicacharantiaL.,41varietiesofMomordicacharantiaL.wereusedasmaterialstobedeterminedthecontentsofpolysaccharideandsaponin,andthenaclusteringanalysiswasconductedtothedetermineresults.T
5、heresultsshowedthatthereweresignificantdifferencesinthecontentsofpolysaccharideandsaponinamongdifferentvarietiesofMomordicacharantiaL.;the41varietiesofMomordicacharantiaL.canbeclusteredintosevengroups,amongwhichthegroup5(Bili)wastheoptimalvarietywiththehighestcontentso
6、fpolysaccharideandsaponin,theothergroupshadnosignificantcorrelationsincontentsofpolysaccharideandsaponin.Moreover,theRuyuNo.5andtheZaobilyu,twomaincultivars,weretakenasmaterialstostudytheoptimalharvestingperiodofMomordicacharantiaL..Theresultsindicatedthatthepolysaccha
7、ridecontentincreasedgraduallywithgrowthtimepastby,butthesaponincontentshowedaincrease-decreasefluctuation;theoptimalharvestingperiodoftheRuyuNo.5andtheZaobilyuwas25dand25~30dafterpollination,respectively.Keywords:MomordicacharantiaL.;varieties;harvestingperiod;polysacc
8、haride;saponin;clusteringanalysis苦瓜(MomordicacharantiaL.)是葫芦科苦瓜属采摘期的确定提供依据。植物,其果实中含有多糖、皂苷等多种生理活性成分[1],1材料与方法具有降血糖、降血脂、降血压、抗氧