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1、ChapterTwoEtymologicalStudyofEnglishLanguageandMedicalTermsTwoTypesofMedicalTermsNative(本族词)Borrowed(外来词)TwoTypesofMedicalTermsNative:thosethatderivefromOldEnglishTwoTypesofMedicalTermsBorrowedwords,orloan-words:takenfromotherlanguageslargelybaseduponGr
2、eek,LatinandFrenchvocabularyGerman,Italian,Spanishandothershavecontributedsomewordstomedicalterminology.WordsevolvedfromoldEnglishMostmedicalwordsfromoldEnglishdenote:anatomicstructures(解剖结构)Organs(器官)Substances(物质)Humanactivities(人类活动)Wordsevolvedfromo
3、ldEnglishChangesconcerningpronunciation(phonological)spelling(morphologic)meaning(semantical)WordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithoutSemanticalChangesanklebackbladdereareyefoothairhandkneelipliverlungneckthroattongueachebreathfeverAnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfrom
4、oldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesbloodInO.E.,speltasblodperhapsoriginallymeant“toswell,gush,spurt”or‘"thatwhichburstsout”.AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestchest–InO.E.,cestmeaning“box,coffer”.amedicinechest(药箱)Anatomicwords
5、WordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestrachiticchest[rE5kitik]佝偻病胸鸡胸AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesorganItwasorganeinO.E.,andorgeneinO.Fr.(OldFrench),bothmeaning“musicalinstrument”.AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromo
6、ldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesorganSensewasnarrowedinlateM.E.tomodernmusicalinstrumentknownbythatname(风琴).AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesorganThemeaning“functioningbodypart”appearedinEnglishin1392.Whatarethey?conceptwordsWor
7、dsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangescoldInO.E.,ithadtwoforms,caldinAnglianandcealdinWestSaxon.conceptwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangescoldSenseincommoncoldwasintroducedin1537,fromsymptomsresemblingthoseofexposuretocold.Wordsor
8、iginatedfromGreekacneItwasborrowedfromGk.akmein1570,meaning“(highest)point”.Itcontainsthebase“ak-”,denoting“sharp”.“青春痘”“暗疮”“粉刺”WordsoriginatedfromGreekacneacnevulgaris寻常性痤疮aconditionoftheepidermisorskintypicallyoccursontheface,n
