第二章 医学词汇的来源最精简

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1、ChapterTwoEtymologicalStudyofEnglishLanguageandMedicalTerms-omicsgenomicsmetabolomicsproteomicstranscriptomicslipidomicsimmunomicsglycomicsRnomicsAbenomicsLikonomicsEconomicsTwoTypesofMedicalTermsNative=Anglo-saxonBorrowed=loan-wordTwoTypesofMedicalTermsBorrowedwor

2、ds,orloan-words:takenfromotherlanguageslargelybaseduponGreek,LatinandFrenchvocabularyGerman,Italian,Spanishandothershavecontributedsomewordstomedicalterminology.WordsevolvedfromoldEnglishMostmedicalwordsfromoldEnglishdenote:anatomicstructuresOrgansSubstancesbasicco

3、nceptsofhumanactivitiesWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishChangesconcerningpronunciation(phonological)spelling(morphologic)meaning(semantical)WordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithoutSemanticalChangesanklebackbladdereareyefoothairhandkneelipliverlungneckthroattongueachebreathfeverA

4、natomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesbloodInO.E.,speltasblodperhapsoriginallymeant“toswell,gush,spurt”or‘"thatwhichburstsout”.AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesbloodbleedinghemorrhagecerebralhemorrhage脑溢血;脑出血internalh

5、emorrhage内出血subarachnoidhemorrhage蛛网膜下出血subduralhemorrhage硬脑膜下出血AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestchest–InO.E.,cestmeaning“box,coffer”.amedicinechest(药箱)AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestThemeaningwasext

6、endedto“thorax”in1530andreplacedbreast,onthemetaphorthattheribsareaboxfortheorgans.AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestflatchest扁平胸seeninweakpeopleorpeoplewithchronicconsumptionAnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChange

7、schest桶状胸barrelchestcommonlyseeninpatientwithemphysemaAnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestrachiticchest[rE5kitik]佝偻病胸鸡胸pigeonchestpeoplewithrachitis[rE5kaitis]AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestfunnelchest漏

8、斗胸AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesorganItwasorganeinO.E.,andorgeneinO.Fr.(OldFrench),bothmeaning“musicalinstrument”.A