医学英语词汇来源(最精简)课件.ppt

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1、ChapterTwoEtymologicalStudyofEnglishLanguageandMedicalTerms-omicsgenomicsmetabolomicsproteomicstranscriptomicslipidomicsimmunomicsglycomicsRnomicsAbenomicsLikonomicsEconomicsTwoTypesofMedicalTermsNative=Anglo-saxonBorrowed=loan-wordTwoTypesofMedicalTermsBorrowedwords,orloan-words:takenfr

2、omotherlanguageslargelybaseduponGreek,LatinandFrenchvocabularyGerman,Italian,Spanishandothershavecontributedsomewordstomedicalterminology.WordsevolvedfromoldEnglishMostmedicalwordsfromoldEnglishdenote:anatomicstructuresOrgansSubstancesbasicconceptsofhumanactivitiesWordsevolvedfromoldEngl

3、ishChangesconcerningpronunciation(phonological)spelling(morphologic)meaning(semantical)WordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithoutSemanticalChangesanklebackbladdereareyefoothairhandkneelipliverlungneckthroattongueachebreathfeverAnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesbloodInO.E

4、.,speltasblodperhapsoriginallymeant“toswell,gush,spurt”or‘"thatwhichburstsout”.AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesbloodbleedinghemorrhagecerebralhemorrhage脑溢血;脑出血internalhemorrhage内出血subarachnoidhemorrhage蛛网膜下出血subduralhemorrhage硬脑膜下出血AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfro

5、moldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestchest–InO.E.,cestmeaning“box,coffer”.amedicinechest(药箱)AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestThemeaningwasextendedto“thorax”in1530andreplacedbreast,onthemetaphorthattheribsareaboxfortheorgans.AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromold

6、EnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestflatchest扁平胸seeninweakpeopleorpeoplewithchronicconsumptionAnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschest桶状胸barrelchestcommonlyseeninpatientwithemphysemaAnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestrachiticchest[rE5ki

7、tik]佝偻病胸鸡胸pigeonchestpeoplewithrachitis[rE5kaitis]AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangeschestfunnelchest漏斗胸AnatomicwordsWordsevolvedfromoldEnglishWithSemanticalChangesorganItwasorganeinO.E.,andorgeneinO.Fr.(OldFrench),bothmeaning“musicalinstrument”.A