《医学术语学》教学课件：第六章 医学术语前缀.ppt

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1、ChapterSixPrefixesofMedicalTermsPrefixesAletteroralettercombinationplacedbeforeawordoracombiningformtoalterormodifythebasicmeaningofthewordprefixationPrefixesretro-(P037)Backward,orlocatedbehindaretrospectivestudyretrogradeamnesia逆行性遗忘ante(ro)-(P036)anterogradeamnesia顺行性遗忘Pre

2、fixestrinitratetri-(P043)Three,third,thrice,tripletriplet三个一组的Prefixesothernumeralprefixes(P042/043)0nulli-1/2semi-/hemi-1uni-/mono-/haplo-(haploid)2bi-/ambi-/amphi-/di-/diplo-Prefixesothernumeralprefixes(P043)3ter-/tri-4quadri-/quadru-/quadr-/tetra-/quint-quaternary四个一组的5pen

3、ta-10deca-/deci-Prefixesothernumeralprefixes(P043)100centi-/hectogram1,000Kilo-1/1billionnano-Prefixesothernumeralprefixes(P043)poly-(P044)much,manyPrefixesothernumeralprefixes(P043)糖尿病:三多一少多饮polydipsia[,pɔli'dipsiə](烦渴)多食polyphagia[,pɔli'feidʒiə]Prefixesothernumeralprefixes(

4、P043)多尿Polyuria[,pɔli'juəriə]Opposite:少尿oliguriaoligo-(044)Prefixesothernumeralprefixes(P044)Few,little,pauc-/olig-Much,many,morethanonepoly-/plur-/multi-Whole,allholo-/pan-Prefixesexternalex(o)-(P038)outof,outsideexogenic[,eksəu‘dʒenik]外生的exocrine[‘eksəkrain]内分泌的end(o)-(P036

5、)endogenicendocrinePrefixesdyspneadys-(P046)difficult;impaired;abnormal;baddysgraphia书写困难dysarthrosis关节变形dysfunction功能失调Prefixessymptomsym-/syn-(sym-,beforeb,m,p)(P040)With,together,fusedPrefixessym-/syn-(sym-,beforeb,m,p)(P040)With,together,fusedsynarthrosis,synarthrodia不动关节

6、symphysis(骨的)联合symbiosis共生Prefixesortho-(P120)straightorthodontics[,ɔ:θəu'dɔntiks]正牙术orthopnea端坐呼吸Prefixes呼吸困难dyspnea(P046)呼吸迟缓bradypnea(P046)bradycardia呼吸急促tachypnea(P046)tachycardia=tachyrhythmia呼吸暂停apnea(P041)asepsiaanemiaPrefixesparoxysmalpara/o-(P041)Beside,bythesideof,b

7、eyondparalgesia感觉倒错Prefixesnocturnalnoct-(P135)nightnocturia夜尿症Prefixeshypertensionhyper-(P038)Over,above,beyond;excessive高血糖hyperglycemiahypo-(P038)Beneath,under低血糖hypoglycemiaPrefixesepi-(P135)Upon,above,besideEpilepsy羊癫疯fromepi-"upon"+lepsis"seizure,"Replacedthenativename,

8、fallingsicknessPrefixesjaundicejaund-(P045)yellowcirrho-(P045)tawny黄