《医学术语学》教学课件：第一章 英语的历史和医学术语的来源.ppt

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1、LectureOneEtymologicalStudyofEnglishLanguageandMedicalTermsMedicalTerminology-AppliedDefinitionThewordsortermsthatmakeupthelanguageofmedicinearereferredtoastheterminologyofthemedicalfield.Stent:stent被广泛用于心血管疾病的治疗，不知挽救了多少人的性命，可是少有人知它是人名冠名术语。它最初指一种特制的矫牙器，因为英国牙科医生CharlesR.Stent（1845-1901）首次使用而得名。后

2、来指皮肤移植时固定移植皮肤或支撑身体孔腔结构的装置，而现在指称更广，泛指插在管状结构内，使其通畅的纤细丝状、杆状或管状结构(支架)ForexampleMedicalTerminology-AppliedDefinitionLikeeveryotherlanguage,medicalterminologyhaschangedovertime,butthemajorityoftermsarebasedonLatinorGreekwords.OldEnglish(450AD-1100AD)Time:thefifthandsixthcenturiesAD,Event:invasionofth

3、eAngles,Saxons,andJutesfromnorthernGermany,DenmarkandnorthernHollandintotheBritishIslesandbeganpopulatingthoseareasResult:Theinvaders,knownastheAnglo-Saxons,pushedtheoriginal,Celtic-speakinginhabitantsoutofwhatisnowEnglandintoScotland,Wales,Cornwall,andIreland,leavingbehindafewCeltic(凯尔特)wordsO

4、ldEnglish(450AD-1100AD)Example:WaterStoneFootFireSheepstrongTheNormanConquestandMiddleEnglish(1100-1500)Time:1066Event:KingWilliamI,invadedandconqueredEnglandandtheAnglo-Saxons(盎格鲁萨克森人)Result:OldFrenchknownasAnglo-NormanawholesaleinfusionofRomance(Anglo-Norman)wordsTheNormanConquestandMiddleEng

5、lish(1100-1500)Example:beefandcowBeef,commonlyeatenbythearistocracy,derivesfromtheAnglo-Norman；theAnglo-Saxoncommoners,whotendedthecattle,retainedtheGermaniccow.TheNormanConquestandMiddleEnglish(1100-1500)Example:legalterms,suchasjuryhaveAnglo-NormanrootsfromFrench：pork,bacon,govern,administer,

6、beauty,music,painting,colour,champagne,fashionTheNormanConquestandMiddleEnglish(1100-1500)Time:1387-1400Event:Chaucer‘sCanterburyTales(坎特伯雷故事集)Result:MiddleEnglish:canbereadbymodernpeopleTheNormanConquestandMiddleEnglish(1100-1500)Time:late14thCenturyEvent:TheMiddleEnglishperiodcametoaclosearou

7、nd1500ADwiththeriseofModernEnglishEarlyModernEnglish(1500-1800)Time:1500-1800Event:Renaissance(文艺复兴)Result:waveofinnovationinEnglishEarlyModernEnglish(1500-1800)Example:classicalLatinandGreekwordsgrammar,logic,arithmetic,geometr